Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems最新文献

{"title":"Inferring graphical constraints with Rockit","authors":"S. Karsenty, C. Weikart, J. Landay","doi":"10.1145/169059.169528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169528","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Graphical constraints defime relations among graphical objects that must be maintained by an un&rlying system. The automatic maintenance of these relations has become important in increasing the functionality of graphical editors and user interfhee builders. Yet this increase in functionality has also brought the users of these tools the difficult task of specifying the constraints generally by writing mathematical equations that define the relations which must hold.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129082482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Take CoVer: exploiting version support in cooperative systems","authors":"A. Haake, J. Haake","doi":"10.1145/169059.169320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169320","url":null,"abstract":"Current CSCW applications support one or more modes of cooperative work. The selection of and transition between these modes is usually placed on the users. At IPSI we built the SEPIA cooperative hypermedia authoring environment supporting a whole range of situations arising during collaborative work and the smooth transitions between them. While early use of the system shows the benefits of supporting smooth transitions between different collaborative modes, it also reveals some deficits regarding parallel work, management of alternative documents, or reuse of document parts. We propose to integrate version support to overcome these limitations. This leads to a versioned data management and an extended user interface enabling concurrent users to select a certain state of their work, to be aware of related changes, and to cooperate with others either asynchronously or synchronously.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130264599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The limits of expert performance using hierarchic marking menus","authors":"G. Kurtenbach, W. Buxton","doi":"10.1145/169059.169426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169426","url":null,"abstract":"A marking menu allows a user to perform a menu selection by either popping-up a radial (or pie) menu, or by making a straight mark in the direction of the desired menu item without popping-up the menu. A hierarchic marking menu uses hierarchic radial menus and “zig-zag” marks to select from the hierarchy. This paper experimentally investigates the bounds on how many items can be in each level, and how deep the hierarchy can be, before using a marking to select an item becomes too slow or prone to errors.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131240449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphical editing by example (abstract)","authors":"David J. Kurlander","doi":"10.1145/169059.169524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169524","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Graphical editing, like many applications facilitated by computers, often involves repetitive tasks. To reduce repetition, programmers can write procedures to automate these tasks, however most users do not know how to program, and the repetitive tasks that they perform are frequently too specialized for the application programmer to anticipate. End users would benefit from the ability to customize and extend their applications for the tasks they usually perform.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125490234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixing oil and water?: Ethnography versus experimental psychology in the study of computer-mediated communication","authors":"A. Monk, B. Nardi, Nigel Gilbert, Marilyn Mantei, John C. McCarthy","doi":"10.1145/169059.169060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169060","url":null,"abstract":"The study of computer-mediated communication (CMC) has brought together investigators from very different research traditions. Investigators coming from Sociology and Anthropology have been trained in the tradition of ethnography, whereas investigators coming from Experimental Psychology and Human Factors think more in terms of the hypothetico-deductive tradition of experiment and quantitative measurement. Clearly, each of these viewpoints has something to offer in the practical quest for understanding what makes for effective CMC. There are however some potential contradictions in the concepts used and the assumptions made by investigators from these two traditions.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125500541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heuristics in real user interfaces","authors":"B. Myers, Richard Wolf, K. Potosnak, C. Graham","doi":"10.1145/169059.169240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169240","url":null,"abstract":"It is the conventional wisdom in user interface design that direct manipulation is best and that interfaces should be predictable. This tends to argue against having a system “guess” or use heuristics or other AI approaches. However, an increasing number of today's successful software products do use heuristics in their interfaces. The heuristics are used to help guide the user and to perform tasks that would be too difficult to specify by conventional direct manipulation approaches. We believe that user interface designers will increasingly need to consider using heuristic techniques in their interfaces. This panel discusses a number of today's successful products using heuristics and the important HCI design issues such as feedback.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126708663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the paper and electronic worlds: the paper user interface","authors":"Walter Johnson, Herbert D. Jellinek, L. Klotz, R. Rao, S. Card","doi":"10.1145/169059.169445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169445","url":null,"abstract":"Since its invention millenia ago, paper has served as one of our primary communications media. Its inherent physical properties make it easy to use, transport, and store, and cheap to manufacture. Despite these advantages, paper remains a second class citizen in the electronic world. In this paper, we present a new technology for bridging the paper and the electronic worlds. In this new technology, the user interface moves beyond the workstation and onto paper itself. We describe paper user interface technology and its implementation in a particular system called XAX.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126256279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-computer interaction research at Massey University, New Zealand","authors":"M. Apperley, C. Phillips","doi":"10.1145/169059.169194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169194","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT Massey University is a campus with some 8000 internal students, and 14000 distance or extramural students. Although historically it has a strong agricultural bias, and is best known for this and its extramural programme, it covers a broad range of disciplines. The human-computer interaction group, based in the School of Mathematical and Information Sciences, is the major focus of HCI activity in New Zealand.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"105 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120936213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Talking to machines (abstract)","authors":"C. Cowley, Dylan M. Jones","doi":"10.1145/169059.169512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169512","url":null,"abstract":"Despite some extravagant claims made regarding the potential of machines which recognize speech inpuL it is unlikely that they will ever match the speech processing capabilities of humans. The truly conversational computer is still a long way from being realiz@ and the performance of many contempomry recognizes leaves much to be desired. A machine that may perform efficiently for the experienced user in a controlled laboratory setting can often present substantial problems for unskilled users when it is finally installed in the workplace. Building reliable and acceptable speech interfaces is a subtle and sophisticated process. There is a common assumption that speech interfaces automatically y improve system performance when, in fact, the opposite is often the case, particularly if speech is simply added to an existing system rather than included from the outset of development. However, if human factors issues are addressed at the inception of projects rather than as an afterthought and the machines capabilities are not overloaded by overambitious design, a great deal can be achieved with devices that can reliably recognize a few selected utterances and take full advantage of the unique properties of spoken dialogue. The user is afforded greater freedom of movements and is thus released from the constraints imposed by conventional keyboardkreen interaction. Furthermore there is the option of multi-tasking using speech and manual interfaces concnrrentt y. The film shows how dialogue design and elror correction strategies, informed by human factors research, can lead to the development of usable and profitable systems. It starts with a simulation of a truly conversational machine to show the level of Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies ara not mada or distributed for diract commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notioe and tha titla of the publication and its date appaar, and notica is given that copying is by permission of tha Association for Computing Machinary. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specifio permission. performance necessary to compete with human recognition. Template matching recognition is clemly explained so that viewem can see how most devices actually work. The film then shows the Digital Equipment Corporation’s DECvoice in a number of voice input and output scenarios which highlight typical design problems and solutions. It concludes with a set of guidelines which will help designers make reasoned decisions about when and how to use speech recognition and avoid the typical problems experienced by users. The film ends with an example of a system which, having been designed with the guidelines in mind, is usable, efficient, and practical within the constraints of contemporary technology. GUIDELINES FOR SYSTEM DESIGNERS 1. Train the machine in the place it will be used. 2. Use speech consistently for one part of a task. 3. Do not use speech too of","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124958999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimedia documents as user interfaces","authors":"M. C. Buchanan, P. Zellweger, Kenneth A. Pier","doi":"10.1145/169059.169522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169522","url":null,"abstract":"Previous work has demonstrated the use of documents as user interfaces, in which static document elements, such as words and pictures, become user interface interaction elements, such as menus and buttons [Bier 90]. In this videotape, we demonstrate our extension of this concept to dynamic multimedia documents, allowing user interface designers to create multimedia documents and to specify dynamic interaction elements within them.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121557060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}