Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology最新文献

{"title":"The study of the periodicity of catastrophic spring floods on the territory of Ukraine","authors":"V. Ovcharuk, O. Prokofiev, O. Todorova, N. Kichuk","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In the period of global and regional climate change in almost all the regions of our planet there is an increase in cases of extreme natural phenomena, which definitely include floods of various origin. Over the past decades, according to the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), in many countries of the world there has been a record high number of natural disasters which affected about 2.7 billion people, that is more than one third of the world's population.\u0000\u0000The purpose of article is to analyze historical data and study the current state and trends in the frequency of catastrophic floods.\u0000\u0000Methods. To estimate the trends in the chronological series of the maximum runoff of rivers the methods of statistical analysis and spatial generalization have been used.\u0000\u0000Results. On the basis of literature sources and taking into account current data, frequency of flooding in the period from 900 to 2010 in the territory of Kyivan Rus and modern Ukraine has been estimated. Analyzing the results obtained, it can be noted that the largest number of floods was observed in the period from 1501 to 1600 years (11 cases), from 1601 to 1700 years (13 cases), and in the modern period from 1901 to 2000 (10 cases); 900-1000 and 1701-1800 years can be considered as the periods with the smallest number of cases. Since the beginning of the new millennium catastrophic and high floods have been observed in Europe almost every year. In order to estimate the repeatability of catastrophic floods at the rivers in Ukraine, the chronological series of the maximum runoff of spring water have been made up in accordance with the data of hydrological stations, which have the largest and preferably continuous periods of observations from their beginning until 2015 inclusive. The analysis has shown that in Ukraine the spring floods in 1932 and 1970 are classified as catastrophic. The analysis of trends in the chronological series of annual maxima in conditions of climate change showed their heterogeneity across the territory of Ukraine: on the left bank of the Dnieper and in the Siverskyi Donets basin there is a tendency towards earlier periods of snowmelt and the occurrence of the spring floods, and on the other territory, on the contrary, there is a tendency of increase in cases of winter floods instead of the spring high water.\u0000\u0000The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the use of observational data up to 2015 inclusive, and its practical significance is determined by the opportunity to use the results when justifying hydrotechnical projects in order to minimize the consequences of catastrophic floods on rivers.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"375 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80550207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-year study of phytoplankton population in the Dnistrovskiy estuary in summer (2003-2018)","authors":"Н. В. Дерезюк, N. V. Dereziuk","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2019-20-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2019-20-06","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Comparison of multi-year data on species composition, biodiversity and quantitative variables of phytoplankton that developed in the Dnistrovskiy Estuary every summer. Particular attention was focused on the development of potentially dangerous (toxic) species, which can deteriorate quality of water and threaten hydrobionts’ existence. Methods. The data used in the phytoplankton study have been collected from 22 stations in the Dnistrovskiy Estuary (456 samples). Phytoplankton sampling and analyses were carried out using standard methodologies. Nageotta и Sedgewick cameras (0,05 and 1 ml) were applied to count cell number. The samples were preserved using formalin. HUND-H600 and OLIMPUS-BH2 microscopes were used for sample analyses. Classification of microalgae and Cyanobacteria was done according to the standards of the international database. Results. The total number of species registered during 16 years exceeded 445 (13 taxa) out of which 54 are generally classified as potentially harmful species (genera Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis, Cyclotella, Pseudo-nitzschia, Peridinium, Prorocentrum etc.). Minimum record of species number within 4 main taxa was in 2004 and 2016. Maximum number of species of Chlorophyta (75) was observed in 2012, and maximum of Bacillariophyta (53), Dinophyta (19) and Cyanobacteria (33) was in 2014. Northern and middle part of the estuary had the highest species diversity (Shannon index = 4.6 – 4.4 bit∙cells-1) i.e. the areas where flora of various geneses mixed. Over the years, number of species and α-diversity of phytoplankton tend to increase in the north and in the centre of the estuary. The range of changes of maximum values of microalgae biomass during 16-year period was from 2.5 g·m–3 (2010) to 231.2 g·m–3 (2018). Algal blooms were recorded with Bacillariophyceae and Cyanobacteria as dominants. Conclusions. There is a certain 12-year periodicity in gradual changes in the number of species and Shannon index within the main phytoplankton taxa. Recent years’ trends toward increase in the total biomass of microalgae and Cyanobacteria have been traced as well, the consequence of such an increase being deterioration of water quality which has downgraded to \"polluted\" or \"extremely polluted\" in those regions (as per national standards).","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87587472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation of Selected Metals and Non-Metals in Mycelium and Fruit Bodies of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi","authors":"Т. О. Єльнікова, Ю. Н. Мандро","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2019-20-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2019-20-02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. We attempted to quantify the contribution of wild-growing mycelium of ectomycorrhizal fungi to the soil level of selected metals and non-metals in upper (0−10 cm) layer of forest soil of boreal forest ecosystems. The content of selected elements were also analyzed and compared in such fractions of soil as bulk soil, rhizosphere and soil-root interface. Specifically we analyzed the content of phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), iodine (I), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), mercury (Hg) lead (Pb) and arsenic (As). Methods. The concentration of the elements in the samples (dry weight, d.w.) was determined by the mass spectrometric method (ICP-MS) in the laboratory ALS Scandinavia AB, Luleå according to the method given in Rodushkin et al. [13]. Statistical data processing was performed using dispersion analysis (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficients. Software Minitab (© 2010 Minitab Inc.). Results. It has been shown that concentration of phosphorus in the mycelium of fungi is about 1.5 times, and in the fruit bodies is about 7 times higher of that the plant plant tissue (soil+root interface). The concentration of manganese in the mycelium is about the same as in the bulk soil and much lower in the fraction of rhizosphere. Iodine, chromium and nickel are not accumulated, neither the mycelium of fungi nor in their fruitful bodies. Copper, zinc and cadmium are accumulated in both fruit bodies and mycelium of the studied species intensively. The concentration of cadmium in the mycelium is found to be about three times higher than in the bulk soil fraction, and about twice as high as in the fraction of rhizosphere. At such concentrations of cadmium in mycelium, the later may account from 16.2 to 32.3% of the total amount of cadmium in the upper, 0-10 cm layer of forest soils. The content of cobalt and mercury in the mycelium appeared to be somewhat higher in the bulk soil, about the same as in the rhizosphere fraction, and significantly higher than in the soil-root interface fraction. Fungi did not accumulate lead neither in the mycelium nor in their fruit bodies, whereas arsenic does not accumulated in soil-root interface and only weakly accumulated by fungal fruit bodies. Conclusions As a result of the study, it was found that the content of most of the analyzed metals and non-metals in the mycelium of ectomycorrhizal fungi of the upper (0-10 cm) soil enriched with organic matter in the forest ecosystem, except for cadmium and phosphorus, does not exceed 10% of their total amount. At the same time, the content of cadmium in the mycelium of fungi was the highest − 16.2 to 32.3%, which indicates the ability of fungi to accumulate this metal. It is suggested that the percentages of the content of the elements studied in the mycelium of upper layers of forest soil is rather underestimated than overestimated.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88066615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Features Research of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal in Ukraine","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2019-21-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2019-21-04","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Analysis of the current state with municipal solid waste disposal based on official statistical information, development of a set of indicators based on the characteristics of regional waste disposal. Methods. Statistical information analysis methods, including method of multivariate statistical analysis - cluster analysis. Results. The development of a set of waste disposal indicators at the national level is based on official statistical information on solid waste generation and disposal, as well as waste disposal services. The analysis of the developed database by regions of Ukraine revealed some deficiencies in the primary information and consi- derable variability of the data. The transition from absolute to specific values is the basis for a set of indicators formation combined into three blocks, which characterizing the generation and disposal of municipal solid waste (5 indicators), waste disposal sites (12 indicators) and socio-economic indicators (3 indicators). For the territory of Ukraine zoning by the situation with the municipal solid waste disposal the cluster analysis method were used. Indicators calculated for 24 regions of Ukraine indicate significant data variability. On the basis of 11 indicators, the zoning of the territory of Ukraine was conducted according to the situation with the municipal solid waste disposal with the definition of four clusters (drawing on the map-scheme of Ukraine) and their generalized characteristics. Conclusions. In order to solve the problem of inter-regional comparison and qualitative analysis of information, it is advisable to move from the primary data on generation and disposal, as well as the provision of municipal solid waste removal services to derived means – indicators. As a result, four clusters of Ukraine regions with generalized characteristics for each group were obtained. According to the results of clustering, we can conclude that the worst situation is in Kyiv and Lviv regions. The best situation of municipal solid waste disposal (by a set of indicators) is in Volyn, Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Odesa and Chernihiv regions.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84882060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalization Processes of Changing Geospatial in European Cities","authors":"П. A., Броневицький, O. В. Рибчинський","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2019-21-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2019-21-03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Brief retrospective analysis of the geographical component of revitalization in European cities, study of the generalized and indirect effect of the revitalization phenomenon on the geospace of urban urban systems. Results. The results of the study of revitalization processes in European cities are presented. European cities are characterized by uneven development, concentration of potential in the capital and some regional centers, as well as the increase of crisis phenomena in the periphery. We are talking about depressed territories, settlements, post-industrial cities or parts of them. That is why we consider it necessary to speak not only about the restoration of potential and improvement of socio-economic indicators in cities, but also about the large-scale implementation of urban space revitalization programs. Approaches to revitalization processes are ideally designed as processes for empowering unused urban space. At the same time, they should be aimed at ensuring the effective use of public and private financed bonds and project funds for projects from the Civic Control Center. The main requirement of the community is to begin the process of updating and involving the administration in these projects. The first round of negotiations between the authorities and society prompted the city to come up with a coherent approach aimed at the target group and at the same time agree on the financial budget and future beneficiaries. In addition to those responsible for urban planning, special roles are assigned to local departments of schools, youth, senior citizens and business development (business, marketing and investor talks). It is these areas of human and financial capital that should be responsible for urban marketing and tourism. The involvement of a restructuring trustee in project planning and development is required. Conclusion. Taking into account the geographical component (in particular the topography, vegetation, green areas), as a result of the revitalization helps to improve the quality of living environment and affects the peculiarities of the geospatial of the city. An important component of the success of a revitalization program must be public participation in discussing and solving problems to ensure sustainable urban development. Studying the experience of European cities in the area of ​​revitalization will give a new impetus to many Ukrainian cities trying to overcome the problems of deprived urban areas, including the historic central districts and mediocrity.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83440246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Horizontally deplacement geomasses in the continental rift geostruсtures (on the example of the Dnipro-Donets paleorift). Part 2. Structural parageneses of the reid deformation of the sedimentary cover","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-02","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. The inversion stages of the structural-material evolution of the continental crust are characterized by regional scale of the deformation of volume tectonic flow of platform sedimentary rocks, which caused significant horizontally-healthy movements of tectonically activated geo-mass in the intra-plate graben-rift. The dynamic deformation of geomases manifests itself at the final stages of the geological development of such structures; therefore, it determines the main features of the systemic organization of the modern architecture of the basement and sedimentary cover complexes. Review of previous publications and studies. Secondary deformation linear slope, according to Patalakha E. (1979); Alekseev V. (1990) is considered as a set of local strike-slip zones, formed on spherically-located viscous faults, forming joint tectonic flows. The structural skeleton of tectonic flows, as the basis of the tectonic dislocation process, make offsets with the horizontally and rotational component movements. Horizontal landslides are typical disjunctive elements of the continental structures formed in the geodynamic conditions of the transtension (grabens, rifts), transpression (folded mobile belts, intra-plate activation zones), as well as the basic structural elements of the strike-slip tectonics of the sedimentary basin. The purpose of the article. The second part of the trilogy continues regional geotectonic studies of post-rift complications of the sedimentary cover structure of Dnipro-Donets Paleorift (DDP), covering the three main stages of the platform tectonic activation. Late Hercynian epoch was characterized by the formation of large linear anticlinal zones and salt-shafts against the background of the general syneclizal deflection of sedimentary basin, located within the paleorift. Cimmerian epoch of tectonic activity led to significant thrust deformations of the primary structural forms of the cover in the geodynamic setting of collision compression with intensification of the horizons of the sedimentary cover. The structural manifestation of strike-slip tectonics at Alpine epoch in sedimentary complexes are mainly horizontal displacements of geomases of blocks, lineaments, local tectonic elements and structures along dynamically interconnected coulisse of strike-slip domains. Methods. Structural kinematic analysis of transformations of the fracture systems of the Upper-Visean sedimentary complex under the influence of natural mechanism of reid tectonic flow of rocks. Results. The secondary structures of strike-slip deformation, structural kinematic parageneses, dislocations zones and subregional structural waves were identified in the structure of the platform cover, which are natural geological objects formed at the inversion stages of geological development of DDP. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The result of structural manifestation of volume tectonic flow in the platform complex was horizonta","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83101325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban population of Volyn region: resettlement and dynamics","authors":"Tetiana Pavlovska, Taras Pohrebskyi, Gennadii S. Golub, Volodymyr Poruchynsky, Т. Г. Погребський Т. С. Павловська, Г. С. Голуб, В. І. Поручинський","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Currently, the spatial and temporal evolution of urban settlement systems has become an important object of the research at the regional, national and global levels. After all, urbanization is a rather complicated process. On the one hand, it is characterized by an increase in the size of the urban population, level of comfort and standard of living, modernization of all spheres of society's life. On the other hand, urbanization is accompanied by tensions regarding the use of basic natural resources, inconsistency in the demands of life comfort from the pace of development of housing and communal services and the planning structure of cities, etc. The study of the spatial and temporal evolution of the urban settlement systems is an important task on the regional, national and global levels. Therefore, the identification of resettlement patterns, the dynamics of urban processes and qualitative characteristics of the urban population, in particular, Volyn region are very relevant and deserve attention of modern geodemographers. The aim of the article is to analyze the settlement of the existing urban population and its dynamics in Volyn region. Research methodology. The following research methods are used: comparative-geographical, mathematical-statistical, method of geoinformation modeling (using MapInfo Professional 8.0 SCP). The results of the research reflect the current urban tendencies in Volyn region, in particular, the unevenness of the settlement of the urban population through natural and economic factors. During the research period, the dynamics of the number of urban residents increased as a result of migration growth, and the percentage of urbanization in Volyn region stabilized. Currently, the number of urban population and the urbanization of Volyn region, in addition to natural reproduction of the population and intra-regional migration, have a significant impact on interregional and interstate migration flows. Since urbanization reflects contemporary socio-economic trends in the development of society, the issue of urban lifestyles remains among perspective research. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The course, trends and dynamics of urbanization processes in Volyn and other Ukrainian regions have become an important task on the way to improving the effectiveness of spatial planning, especially in terms of territorial and administrative reform in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"27 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83680652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of mineralogical variability of ferruginous quartzites of productive strata of the eastern wing of the Petrovsky synclinal fold with using diagram Mm-Mo","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-04","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the problem. Petrovsky deposit is promising area for the extraction of magnetite ores. Detailed research on this deposit was carried out in the 80 years of the last century, but with the deepening and expansion of the pit data from previous studies have lost their relevance. In 2016-2018 years, in the north-eastern part of the deposit, an in-mine exploration in the direction of the eastern wing of the Petrovsky synclinal fold was carried out.Analysis of previous research. Petrovsky deposit of ferruginous quartzites is located in the remote southwestern part of the area of the Right Bank magnetic anomalies. Two groups of rocks were defined in the geological structure of the deposit: the crystalline rocks of the Precambrian base and the loose Cenozoic deposits that were on the top of them. Rocks of the Precambrian Age are highly metamorphosed and dislocated ones of the crystalline base and are represented by Archean and Lower Proterozoic formations. Lower Proterozoic formations are represented by the Ingul-Ingulets series which is divided by the (bottom up): zelenorichenska, artemivska, radionivska suites. The Artemivska suite is productive in the territory under investigation.In the structural plan, the Petrovskiy deposit is a compressed synclinal fold, the western wing of which is taper out, and the eastern wing extends in the northern direction. In connection with this, the object of research was the eastern wing.Purpose and tasks of research. The main purpose of the study was identification of the mineralogical variability of ferruginous quartzites, the allocation of mineralogical varieties of ores according to their chemical composition and to determine the regularities of expanding of these varieties within the productive strata of the eastern wing. These tasks were resolved using chemical analysis of rocks data, calculation of magnetic module MM and oxidation module MO, and the construction of a diagram in the coordinates of magnetization-oxidation of iron (MM-MO).Presentation of the main material of the article. Within the eastern wing of the Petrovsky synclinal fold, the eight mineralogical varieties of the ore were identified: silicate quartzites with magnetite, silicate-magnetite quartzites, magnetite-silicate quartzites, magnetite quartzites with hematite, hematite-magnetite quartzites, magnetite-hematite quartzites, hematite quartzites with magnetite. In the boundaries of the work area of a regular change of varieties of ores from hematite quartzites with magnetite in the central parts to silicate quartzites with magnetite on the periphery was established. In the same direction the regularities of changing the content of Fetot., Femagn. and sulfur (S) were elaborated. However, the authigenic-mineralogical zonality of the productive strata of the eastern wing of the syncline structure of the deposit was disturbed as a result of the overprint of metasomatic processes caused by the formation of bodies of aegirine and rebekiti","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"352 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84871970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of the acoustic and elastic anisotropy of the shale reservoir rocks of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2019-50-03","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to analyze the parameters of elastic and acoustic anisotropy in the study of a multicomponent reservoir rock model, which is represented by shale. Research theory To solve this problem, the methods of conditional moment functions using the Mori-Tanaka calculation scheme, as well as the ordinary least squares were used. The technique of effective elastic invariables mathematical modelling of unconventional shale reservoir rocks has been developed. Justification of the mathematical model Eight varieties of mathematical models that characterize the mineral composition, the structure of the void space and elastic properties that are characteristic for shale reservoir rocks of the Dnipro-Donetsk depression in Ukraine were substantiated and developed. The models are based on previous publications by the authors and the results of petrographic studies at the Institute of Geology. Results The authors for the first time carried out an analysis of elastic constant rock models, acoustic tensor components, linearity and shale parameters, isolines stereo projections of index surfaces of nine elastic anisotropy parameters, as well as Thomsen parameters. Acoustic data can be used to trace the change in the structure of the reservoir rock void space, the concentration of rock-forming minerals in the rock. Fracturing has a greater effect on rock structure than granular voids and mineral structure. The orientation of inclusions has the greatest influence on the coefficient of acoustic anisotropy, anisotropy coefficients in rocks, where the voids are oriented in the plane perpendicular to the borehole axis have the largest values (more than 20%). When calculating the Thomsen parameters, the parameters of elastic anisotropy were obtained. They characterize not only the mineral composition of the rocks but also the qualitative structure of the void space, the orientation of minerals and voids in the rocks. Thomsen parameters correlate with acoustic anisotropy parameters for shale reservoir models. The parameters of acoustic and elastic anisotropy are indicators in the studies of similar-type rocks with different types of mineral inclusions and the structure of the void space. The mathematical modelling of elastic and acoustic parameters which characterizes their anisotropy and was carried out by the authors is an important step in substantiating mathematical models of shale reservoir rocks. Such models can be used in the interpretation of geophysical data (seismic surveys and well logging) to make corrections for elastic anisotropy in prospecting and exploration of oil, gas and water saturated unconventional shale reservoir rocks of complex structure, and also to compile a database of mathematical models of reservoir rocks in the given region.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"1997 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82764477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for Using of Decision Support Systems for Assessment and Control of Technogenic Pressure on the Environment","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/1992-4259-2019-20-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/1992-4259-2019-20-03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Designing the database concerning level of technogenic load on the environment. Development of the software for database control and zoning Ukrainian area by the techonogenic load. Methods. The GIS free software QGIS is used as main tool for spatial data analysis and designing the digital maps. The secondary tool is Environmental Decision Support Systems software which has been developed by author of the research. The main mathematical algorithms are cluster and factor analysis. Results. The comprehensive approach to multidimensional zoning has been introduced. The integral index of technogenic load on the environment has been defined. The integral index is based on particular indexes which describes technodenic impacts on atmosphere, water and soils. The territory of Ukraine has been zoned by the level of technogenic load on the environment. There has been calculated comprehensive map of spatial distribution for technogenic load on the environment of Ukraine. There have been designed The digital map database, which describes conditions of the environment of Ukraine, and appropriate database control system. Author has developed the comprehensive software Envoronmental Decision Support systems by utilizing objectice-oriented language C++. The core of the application is geoinrormational models and appropriate mathematical algorithms for spatial data analysis. Conclusions. The areas with high levels of technogenic load on the environment have been outlined. The developed approach and software might be useful for state and local authority institutions control activities which directed to reduction of negative impacts on the environment.","PeriodicalId":40624,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of V N Karazin Kharkiv National University-Series Geology Geography Ecology","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75654226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}