{"title":"Days of Sorrow","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the period of the Revolutionary “Terror,” commonly dated from September 1793 through July 1794. Unfortunately, we know far less about Colson’s views during this period because of the repression and arrests of “suspects” throughout Paris and Colson’s caution in conveying any news of events to Lemaigre. What is clear, however, is that he encountered several developments that brought him considerable personal unhappiness. First, was the souring of relations with his longtime employer, the Longaunay family, and his effective replacement as chief confidant by the marquis’s valet de chambre, Monsieur Drot. Second, was the breakdown, for reasons that are not entirely clear, of his friendship with Roch Lemaigre. Third was the so-called movement of “dechristianization” that saw the arrest of his parish priest, the closing of his church, and the attempt to replace Christianity with various Revolutionary religions. As he lay dying in 1797, his parish church of Saint-Jacques-de-la-Boucherie had been sold and was being dismantled for scrap limestone.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128949457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rumor and Revolution","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter follows events in the lives of Colson and his neighbors from the fall of 1789 through the summer of 1791. It takes note of the continuing moments of enthusiasm and joy, with the king’s short speech in the National Assembly in February 1790, followed by patriotic oaths throughout the city; and the Festival of Federation on July 14 of that year, the first anniversary of the fall of the Bastille. But it also examines the periods of fear and suspicion, notably from the perceived crime wave in Paris throughout this period; the women’s march to Versailles in October 1789; the endless rumors of aristocratic conspiracies to destroy the Revolution; and king Louis XVI’s attempted flight with his family in June 1791. The chapter ends with an account of the brutal repression of citizens attempting to draw up a petition in favor of a republic, known as the “Massacre of the Champ de Mars.”","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116937694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Life in Paris before the Revolution","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter describes Colson’s life and his neighborhood in Paris before the Revolution, prefiguring how this experience would impact both during the Revolution. It describes the rooms in which Colson resided, the other residents living in the same apartment, the Rue des Arcis on which the apartment was located, and the general character of his neighborhood in central Paris, with its small stores and craft shops. The population mix was typical of what would come to be called in the Revolution the “sans-culottes.” The chapter also follows Colson as he circulated in Paris outside his immediate neighborhood, visiting clients, shopping, and stopping for refreshments and meals, including such key sites he frequented as the Palais Royal, the Place de Grève, the City Hall, the Châtelet, the Pont-Neuf, and the Palace of Justice.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124022622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"The Conclusion brings together many of the most important themes of the book. It underlines the extent to which the great majority of Parisians—and no doubt the French population more generally—in no way anticipated the Revolution. It notes the near absence of any direct influence before the Revolution of the canonical “Enlightenment” on an intelligent and well-read member of the elite like Colson—except in the most general sense of an openness to very practical reforms. It documents the complete absence of a putative “desacralization” of the monarchy before 1789—sometimes argued by historians to link the Old Regime with the Revolution. It describes Colson’s long, patient, and forgiving support for the king, at least until his attempted flight in 1791. It also underscores the incessant circulation and power of rumors of impending disasters in Paris, not just in the summer of 1789 (during “the Great Fear”), but also as they continued from the autumn of 1789 throughout the Revolution, and how such rumors affected popular psychology and behavior. Finally, it stresses the strong popular resistance in Paris, even among the great majority of the “sans-culottes” radicals, to “dechristianization”—and the possible role of the attack on religion in the failure of many such radicals to support Robespierre on the 9th of Thermidor (July 27,1794).","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122119945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making a Living","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter explores Colson’s sources of income under the Old Regime and how this was related to his position in society. Although he drew revenues from familial property he owned in Varennes and a variety of other investments, his main sources of income came from his position as legal advisor and financial administrator to the Ravary wine-making family and, above all, to the Longaunay family of nobles. The chapter focuses, in particular, on the complex relations linking him to the Marquise, Marquis, and Comte of Longaunay in his role of overseeing the exploitation of the family’s lands and seigniorial dues in Normandy and Berry and serving as point man in the many lawsuits in which the family found itself entangled. It also examines the wide variety of his other responsibilities for this family beyond finances, and his close relations with Roch Lemaigre, the local intendant living near the family’s possessions in Berry in the small town of Levroux.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128507689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Becoming a Radical","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.5040/9781472541406.ch-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781472541406.ch-001","url":null,"abstract":"In this account of Colson and his neighborhood from the fall of 1791 through the early summer of 1793, the emphasis is on his slow, wavering evolution toward an increasingly radical position. Of particular importance as signs of Colson’s evolution were his changing attitudes toward, on the one hand, the Catholic Church and the clergy and, on the other, King Louis XVI. Though he had always practiced orthodox Catholicism before 1789, Colson came to support the Revolutionary reorganization of the church and the clergy embodied in the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. And though under the Old Regime he had always supported the king, he gradually turned against him after Louis’s attempted flight in 1791 and, above all, after war broke out between France and Austria in April 1792. Though he readily agreed with the overthrow of the monarchy in 1792, he would have preferred the imprisonment or exile of the king rather than his execution. Nevertheless, in 1793 he came strongly to support Robespierre and his faction of the Mountain in their struggle against the Girondins.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131328429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prologue","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"The Prologue sets the scene by describing the book’s protagonist on his deathbed in the late spring of 1797 and the thoughts that may well have come into his mind concerning his life before and, especially, during the French Revolution. It describes the principal source on which the study is based, the extensive correspondence from Colson to his friend, almost miraculously preserved in the archives of a small town in Central France. It also introduces some of the major themes to be examined. It argues that the life of Colson is important, first, as it throws light on the beliefs and behavior of the whole community of his neighbors on a small street in central Paris, many of whom would come to describe themselves as “sans-culottes”; second, as it illuminates his relations with the noble family for whom he worked as lawyer and financial accountant; and third, as it provides the example of a relatively elderly citizen in the Revolution—who was sixty-two years old in 1789. It concludes with a rapid overview of the chapters in the book.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129355089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the World","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the evidence in Colson’s correspondence that throws light on his “culture,” the manner in which he understood and interpreted his world. Although the emphasis is on the end of the Old Regime, the examination also helps illuminate his views during the Revolution. Among the topics dealt with are his writing facility and style, the books in his personal library, the newspapers he read, his reporting on local gossip, his attitude toward the king, his account of the War of American Independence, his relationship to the Enlightenment, his reports on the earliest hot-air balloons, his experience with sickness and medicine, his attitudes toward the popular classes, and his relations with women. In general, the chapter concludes that there is virtually no evidence of an influence of the canonical Enlightenment on Colson’s beliefs, nor is there evidence of a “desacralization of the monarchy” before 1789. Nevertheless, later Revolutionary attitudes are possibly prefigured in his clear sympathy for the lower classes and in his penchant for practical reforms in some aspects of daily life.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126669404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arrival in Paris","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes the city of Paris encountered by Adrien-Joseph Colson when he first arrived there in the middle of the eighteenth century, underlining the great size of the city and the extraordinary diversity in wealth and living conditions among the various elements of the population that he encountered. It also describes his family background and education before his arrival in Paris to take up a career as lawyer and accountant to a noble family. It takes note of the strong contrast between his relatively humble background in an artisan family and his relatively prestigious career as a Parisian lawyer.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123831401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The World Changes","authors":"Timothy Tackett","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197557389.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter follows the progressive politicization of Colson and his neighbors during the so-called pre-Revolutionary period (1787–89), taking note of the extent to which he and they were taken totally by surprise by the events of that period. It examines, notably, Colson’s reaction to the Assembly of Notables of 1787; to the long struggle between Louis XVI and the Parlement of Paris; to the convocation of the Estates General for May 1789; and to the electoral assemblies and the statements of grievances (cahiers de doléances) drawn up in those assemblies. It also emphasizes Colson’s descriptions of the “hurricane” of July 1788 that destroyed a large proportion of the crops in northern France, and of the terrible winter of 1788–89 and its effects on the population of Paris.","PeriodicalId":405852,"journal":{"name":"The Glory and the Sorrow","volume":"741 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122987436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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