{"title":"Multifield Transducers, Devices, Mechatronic Systems, and Structronic Systems with Smart Materials","authors":"H. Tzou","doi":"10.1177/058310249803000402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249803000402","url":null,"abstract":"Smart materials are increasingly applied to not only traditional sensors but to actuators, precision systems, adaptive or smart structures, mechatronic systems, structronic systems, and so on. The objective of this paper is to introduce the shock and vibration community to novel transducer technologies applied to complicated multifield vibration problems involving elastic, temperature, electric, magnetic, and light interactions. The active materials include piezoelectrics, electro- and magnetostrictive materials, shape memory alloys, electro- and magnetorheological fluids, polyelectrolyte gels, superconductors, pyroelectrics, photostrictive materials, photoferroelectrics, and magnetooptical materials. This paper provides an overview of these popular active materials and their applications to transducers (sensors/actuators), devices, precision mechatronic systems, and structronic systems. Note that the emphasis is placed on their fundamental characteristics, histories, material varieties, patents, and engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128181414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliability of vibrating structures with uncertain inputs","authors":"Y. Ben-Haim","doi":"10.1177/058310249803000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249803000202","url":null,"abstract":"10 6 Summary 12 Abstract We evaluate the reliability of vibrating systems subject to severely deficient information about the dynamic loads. We stress non-probabilistic information-gap models of uncertainty, which are adapted to severe lack of information. When some probabilistic information is avail- able, we show how it can be incorporated in a hybrid probabilistic/info-gap analysis. We outline the theory of robust reliability, which replaces probabilistic reliability in those situations where prior information is insufficient to verify the choice of a probability density. We also illustrate a hybrid probabilistic/info-gap reliability analysis. Finally, we use the \"gambler's theorem\" and the idea of aversion to risk to provide an overall quantitative assessment of the performance of a system in an uncertain environment. 1 Modelling the Unknown \"Prediction\", said Niels Bohr, \"is always difficult, especially of the future.\" But we act all the time on suppositions extrapolated from incomplete information. From coin-flips to international conflicts, we predict outcomes based on partial information. When we have extensive experience, like in ambient vibrations under known and controlled conditions, we can make reliable asser- tions. But in unique and unfamiliar circumstances we have severely limited prior knowledge, so we must be much more circumspect. In analyzing the reliability of critical components and systems with respect to rare and extraordinary events, about which we know very little, we must avoid unverifiable assumptions as much as possible. In particular, we must represent the uncertainties as reliably as possible, without extraneous assumptions. In this paper we discuss a method of reliability analysis which is developed for this purpose. There is no free lunch, informationally speaking, so an analysis based on limited prior information will be able to make only modest predictions. However, the crucial point is that the analysis itself be reliable and not illusory.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134005464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A summary review of vibration-based damage identification methods","authors":"S. Doebling, C. Farrar, M. Prime","doi":"10.1177/058310249803000201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249803000201","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of methods to detect, locate, and characterize damage in structural and mechanical systems by examining changes in measured vibration response. Research in vibration-based damage identification has been rapidly expanding over the last few years. The basic idea behind this technology is that modal parameters (notably frequencies, mode shapes, and modal damping) are functions of the physical properties of the structure (mass, damping, and stiffness). Therefore, changes in the physical properties will cause detectable changes in the modal properties. The motivation for the development of this technology is presented. The methods are categorized according to various criteria such as the level of damage detection provided, model-based versus non-model-based methods, and linear versus nonlinear methods. The methods are also described in general terms including difficulties associated with their implementation and their fidelity. Past, current, and future-planned applications of this technology to actual engineering systems are summarized. The paper concludes with a discussion of critical issues for future research in the area of vibration-based damage identification.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131744330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Standoff bearing fault detection using directional microphones and unsupervised neural networks","authors":"V. Jammu, T. Walter","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900607","url":null,"abstract":"A fault detection method is introduced that uses standoff directional microphones to minimize the number of sensors and an unsupervised neural network to cope with noise and fault signature variability in the microphone signals. In this method, a directional microphone located up to 25 feet is used to sense acoustic signals from a test bearing. These signals are then processed to extract features representing the bearing condition and are used as inputs to an unsupervised fault detection network (FDN) to identify the presence of faults. The main advantage of the FDN is that it does not require seeded-fault data for supervised training of its weights. The proposed fault detection method is tested using microphone data from a bearing with an inner race defect. The results indicate that the FDN provided a 100% detection rate for all microphone locations.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133584898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Reviews : NONLINEARITY AND CHAOS IN ENGINEERING DYNAMICS J.M.T. Thompson and S.R. Bishop (Eds.) John Wiley and Sons Chichester ISBN 0471944580 1994, 454 pp, $69.95","authors":"I. Elishakoff","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900611","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123435137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Article Reviews : MULTI-RESOLUTION PROCESSING FOR RANDOM VIBRATION CONTROL A.M. Karshenas, M.W. Dunnigan, B.W. Williams, and J.K. Goodfellow Journal of the IES, 40 (1), pp 35-40 (Jan-Feb 1997)","authors":"R. H. Volin","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126756086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the self-excited oscillations of an elastic system containing a bubbling fluid","authors":"N. Rieger","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900606","url":null,"abstract":"Rocking oscillations of a large cooking pan were observed under certain conditions when the pan was mounted on the torsionally flexible burner of a kitchen electric range. Under typical burner heat conditions, the pan would rock vigorously when its contents were bubbling. No evident source of harmonic forcing was apparent. The cause of these oscillations was traced to the impulsive discharge of steam from bubbles on the surface of the contents of the pan, resulting from the steady flow of heat from the burner during the cooking process. The steam that formed these bubbles rose through the boiling liquid, typically under moderate simmering conditions. In turn, these bubble impulses acted as a random-impulse exciting torque on the mass-elastic system of the pan and burner element, causing the pan to vibrate. This paper presents a theoretical study of the above phenomenon, based on studies made to seek an explanation for the observed oscillations.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128835974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Reviews : STABILITY PROBLEMS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS V.V. Bolotin John Wiley & Sons New York 1996, 188 pp, $64.95 ISBN 0-471-12546-6","authors":"I. Elishakoff","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125987114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review of studies dealing with dynamic stiffening of thin, elastic plates","authors":"P. Laura, L. Ercoli, S. L. Malfa, D. Pasqua","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900505","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have shown that removing mass from a plate has the same, or even greater effect, as losing rigidity. The result is a lighter structure with an equal or higher fundamental frequency of transverse vibration; in other words, dynamic stiffening has been achieved.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121952748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An improved fan blade impact test","authors":"A. E. Gibson","doi":"10.1177/058310249702900506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/058310249702900506","url":null,"abstract":"Impact testing may be performed on an axial fan blade using a strain gage as a reference and a dead blow hammer instead of an instrumented impact hammer. The strain gage is mounted between the blade base and airfoil and is sensitive to all bending modes. This method is useful when the mass of a hammer or exciter armature would affect the blade response adversely. A small accelerometer is moved around a grid in the normal fashion. Some of the improvements are a better defined response in both bending and twisting modes and higher coherence frequency response functions.","PeriodicalId":405331,"journal":{"name":"The Shock and Vibration Digest","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126303306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}