Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists最新文献

Replaying the Tape of Academia: Fourteen Alternative Practices for the Physical Sciences 重放学术界的录音带：物理科学的十四种替代做法

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1029/2024cn000240

P. Kemeny, A. Phillips, Daniel Lee Johnson

{"title":"Replaying the Tape of Academia: Fourteen Alternative Practices for the Physical Sciences","authors":"P. Kemeny, A. Phillips, Daniel Lee Johnson","doi":"10.1029/2024cn000240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024cn000240","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of modern academic practices, analogous to the evolution of biological systems, reflects the influence of both contingency and determinism. From a theoretical perspective, how then could academic practices differ from those that were inherited? Would any alternative outcomes be more just, equitable, diverse, or inclusive? Here we present 14 alternative academic practices that might be attained upon replaying the tape of academia and evaluate their benefits and drawbacks. Oriented primarily around the physical sciences within the United States, these alternative practices reconsider common activities within the broad categories of the graduate student experience, faculty careers, evaluation methods, peer review and publication, and conference norms. Consideration of these alternative practices can guide within‐system change and large‐scale restructuring of academia to address the myriad challenges facing researchers and students. Conversely, alternative practices may introduce new issues or exacerbate existing problems. These alternative practices are meant to be imaginative, not prescriptive, and we hope their underlying ideas spur reflection and conversation on the existing practices embedded within academic culture. Readers are encouraged to complete a brief survey regarding their impressions of the alternative practices, available at the following link: rebrand.ly/AlternativePractices2024.","PeriodicalId":403895,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Origins of the Generic Mapping Tools: From Table Tennis to Geoscience 通用绘图工具的起源：从乒乓球到地球科学

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2024-03-17 DOI: 10.1029/2023cn000231

Paul Wessel

引用次数: 0

The Process We Call Earth: Relationships Between Dynamic Feedbacks and the Search for Gaiasignatures in a New Paradigm of Earthlikeness 我们称之为地球的过程：动态反馈与寻找类地新范式中的外星特征之间的关系

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1029/2023cn000223

Michael L. Wong, Marissa Duckett, Emilia S. Hernandez, Vahab Rajaei, Kayla J. Smith

{"title":"The Process We Call Earth: Relationships Between Dynamic Feedbacks and the Search for Gaiasignatures in a New Paradigm of Earthlikeness","authors":"Michael L. Wong, Marissa Duckett, Emilia S. Hernandez, Vahab Rajaei, Kayla J. Smith","doi":"10.1029/2023cn000223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023cn000223","url":null,"abstract":"Standard notions of an “Earthlike” planet rely solely on physical and material properties, like planetary mass, radius, and surface temperature. Here, we introduce a novel, relational perspective on what defines “Earthlikeness.” In our process‐based framework, rocky planets are local pockets of free energy that have the potential to drive the emergence of dynamically persistent systems that coevolve with one another. Examples of dynamically persistent planetary phenomena include magnetic dynamos, mantle convection, tectonic regimes, deep volatile cycles, global climate feedbacks, biogeochemical cycles, and the biosphere. When two or more processes couple to one another such that they gain causal efficacy over one another's persistence, some degree of planetary‐scale homeostasis may emerge. In astrobiology, Earthlike exoplanets are often considered to be priority targets for the search for life elsewhere. We suggest that a process‐based framework for Earthlikeness has the potential to widen our search space and inspire novel planetary‐scale biosignatures, or “Gaiasignatures,” that may be essential for detecting exoplanetary biospheres. Additionally, a process‐based view of life can influence the development of agnostic biosignatures at all scales. In contrast to the dominant scientific perspective, which has tended to engender a materialistic worldview, relational ontologies may contribute to our scientific understanding of Earth as a network of dynamically persistent systems, humanity as an integral part of nature, and the search for life in the universe.","PeriodicalId":403895,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Operation of a Global‐Scale Seismographic Network: The IRIS/USGS GSN 全球地震网络的开发和运行：IRIS/USGS GSN

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1029/2023cn000225

Peter Davis

{"title":"Development and Operation of a Global‐Scale Seismographic Network: The IRIS/USGS GSN","authors":"Peter Davis","doi":"10.1029/2023cn000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023cn000225","url":null,"abstract":"From inception in the late 1980s up to the present, the Global Seismographic Network has produced high quality seismic data that has advanced research into the structure of the Earth's deep interior particularly the large‐scale heterogeneous elastic/anelastic structure of the mantle and core. The network's breadth of coverage enables images of great earthquakes impossible to obtain from regional networks or array data alone. Analysis of the data has provided new insights into non‐traditional seismic sources such as slow earthquakes, glaciers and landslides. Ancillary meteorological and infrasound sensors collocated at the sites support unique studies of volcanic events such as the recent eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai volcano. Near real‐time transmission of the data to hazard warning centers has expanded the network's usefulness as a tool for rapid response to earthquakes, for warning communities effected by tsunamis, and for monitoring compliance with nuclear test ban treaties. The successful construction and operation of the network would not be possible without the outstanding international cooperation of many governmental, academic and private groups who have hosted components of the network.","PeriodicalId":403895,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists","volume":"101 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140089260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Society‐To‐Society Collaboration Between the United States and China: A Path Forward 美国与中国之间的社会互助合作：前进之路

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1029/2024cn000238

Michael L. Thompson, Sabine Grunwald, Scott B. Jones, Rattan Lal, Paul Skinner, Wei Zhang

引用次数: 0

Alerting the Globe of Consequential Earthquakes 提醒全球注意相应的地震

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1029/2022cn000200

D. Wald

引用次数: 0

A Path to Research in Space Physics 空间物理学研究之路

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1029/2022cn000190

R. McPherron

引用次数: 0

Reflections and Thoughts on the Future of Science From AGU Hydrology Section Fellows AGU水文科科员对科学未来的反思与思考

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1029/2023cn000206

S. Tyler, J. Kent, S. P. Anderson, P. Brooks, A. Packman, R. Uijlenhoet, A. Western, X. Zeng

引用次数: 0

ChatGPT: A Threat or an Opportunity for Scientists? ChatGPT:科学家面临的威胁还是机遇?

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1029/2023cn000212

F. Florindo

引用次数: 0

On a Scientific Approach for Deep Time Investigations 论深时间探测的科学方法

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1029/2022cn000193

T. M. Harrison

引用次数: 0