East European Politics & Societies and Cultures最新文献_第2页

Introduction: Civic Activism in Central and Eastern Europe Thirty Years After Communism’s Demise 引言:共产主义消亡三十年后中欧和东欧的公民运动

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/08883254221089261

D. Pietrzyk-Reeves, P. McMahon

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引用次数: 1

The Evolution of Civic Activism in Contemporary Russia 当代俄罗斯公民行动主义的演变

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211070851

L. Sundstrom, Laura A. Henry, V. Sperling

{"title":"The Evolution of Civic Activism in Contemporary Russia","authors":"L. Sundstrom, Laura A. Henry, V. Sperling","doi":"10.1177/08883254211070851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254211070851","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines Russian citizens’ support for and participation in civic activism today, nearly three decades after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Specifically, we consider how activism has evolved over time in two key issue sectors—environmentalism and women’s rights. We draw on a recent nationally representative survey that challenges existing stereotypes of Russians as apathetic and/or fearful of participating in civic activism, showing, to the contrary, that Russians are willing and interested in engaging in public activities. Data from field interviews with environmental and feminist activists, along with the authors’ past twenty-five years of research in these areas of Russian civic activism, allow us to identify an ongoing shift from professionalization and formalization of NGOs in the 1990s and early 2000s, to informal organizing, often assisted by social media platforms, today. We argue that the three major social and political drivers of this change in Russian civic activism are the contraction of political freedoms, the decline in foreign funding, and the availability of web-based communication and fundraising technologies.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130769075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Rethinking Theoretical Approaches to Civil Society in Central and Eastern Europe: Toward a Dynamic Approach 对中东欧公民社会理论路径的再思考:走向动态路径

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.1177/08883254221081037

D. Pietrzyk-Reeves

{"title":"Rethinking Theoretical Approaches to Civil Society in Central and Eastern Europe: Toward a Dynamic Approach","authors":"D. Pietrzyk-Reeves","doi":"10.1177/08883254221081037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254221081037","url":null,"abstract":"The developments that took place in Central and Easter Europe (CEE) over the last three decades have consequences for how researchers define and understand the concept of civil society. This article revisits four major approaches to civil society that were developed after 1989 and provides reasons for a reconceptualization in light of new research and empirical data. It argues that civil society in CEE needs to be studied not as an outcome or a facilitator of democratization and democratic consolidation, but as a phenomenon in its own right. The article also supports an earlier claim of scholars that the static liberal approach to civil society has limited explanatory potential in the CEE context and advocates a dynamic approach, which is guided less by normative assumptions and more by the actual experience of societies practicing various forms of social self-organization. Four criteria of the dynamic model that are proposed include a broad understanding of civic activism as the key dimension of civil society, a clear focus on its potential, a better understanding of the normative content of civic activism, and a recognition of a value-related aspect of civil society activism.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133977009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Savoring Polishness: History and Tradition in Contemporary Polish Food Media 品味波兰:当代波兰食品媒体的历史与传统

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211063457

Agata Bachórz, Fabio Parasecoli

{"title":"Savoring Polishness: History and Tradition in Contemporary Polish Food Media","authors":"Agata Bachórz, Fabio Parasecoli","doi":"10.1177/08883254211063457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254211063457","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the future-oriented use of the culinary past in Poland’s food discourse through a qualitative analysis of popular food media (printed magazines and TV). We analyze how interpretations of food and culinary practices from the past are connected to contemporary debates. We contend that media representations of the culinary past co-create projects of Polish modernization in which diverse voices vie for hegemony by embracing different forms of engagement with the West and by imagining the future shape of the community. We distinguish between a pragmatic and a foodie type of culinary capital and focus on how they differently and at times paradoxically frame cultural memory and tradition. We observe the dynamics of collective memory and oblivion, and assess how interpretations of specific periods in Poland’s past are negotiated in the present through representations of material culture and practices revolving around food, generating not only contrasting evaluations of the past but also diverging economies of the future. Finally, we explore tradition as a set of present-day values, attitudes, and practices that are connected with the past, but respond to current concerns and visions of the future.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134344613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Political Opportunity Structure and the Evolution of the Organizational Base of Peasants’ and Farmers’ Protest Activity in Poland in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries 20世纪和21世纪波兰农民和农民抗议活动的政治机会结构和组织基础的演变

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211030677

G. Foryś

引用次数: 0

Historical Sociology in Poland: Transformations of the Uses of the Past 波兰的历史社会学:过去使用的转变

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211057908

A. Kolasa-Nowak, M. Bucholc

{"title":"Historical Sociology in Poland: Transformations of the Uses of the Past","authors":"A. Kolasa-Nowak, M. Bucholc","doi":"10.1177/08883254211057908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254211057908","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Polish institutional sociology since the 1920s reflects the combined effects of domestic political and cultural factors, along with international interdependencies. Historical sociology shares in the vicissitudes of the whole discipline. Although historical sociology was only weakly institutionalized before 1989, some of the best sociological studies produced in Poland under socialism display the keen use of historical imagination, inspired both by the pre-1939 domestic tradition and by Marxist theory. This article examines the path of historical sociology in Poland after 1989 and the connection between the sociological uses of history and the experience of post-communist transformation. We posit that the social transformation experience and how it was addressed by social science directly translate into the use of history in Polish sociology after 1989. We argue that the role of historical sociology in Poland since the end of the 1990s was a function of the potential of the past as a symbolic resource in the growing interdependence between Poland and Western Europe. However, the post-1989 research agendas of historical sociology were forged according to the mode of responsiveness to political agendas predating 1989. An overview of the development of Polish historical sociology demonstrates that the ahistorical transitological thinking after 1989 has been challenged by critical agendas in historical sociology, but it was, in the first place, a reaction to the increased potential of the past as a symbolic resource in political debates. Thus, the rationale for the passage to the third wave of historical sociology was primarily political.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127334671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/0888325421989411

Réka Krizmanics

引用次数: 1

The Reform Communist Interpretation of the Stalinist Period in Czech Historiography and Its Legacy 捷克史学中斯大林时期的改革共产主义解释及其遗产

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211012757

Muriel Blaive

{"title":"The Reform Communist Interpretation of the Stalinist Period in Czech Historiography and Its Legacy","authors":"Muriel Blaive","doi":"10.1177/08883254211012757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254211012757","url":null,"abstract":"This article is concerned with the continuities in the interpretation of the 1950s in Czechoslovakia from 1956 to the present. It first concentrates on the way the year 1956 (one that remained quiet in the country, as opposed to Poland and Hungary) has been treated in Czechoslovak historiography. It aims to show that an almost exclusive focus on political history has produced until today a misleading image of this apparent communist stability as based on repression rather than on a genuine basis of support for the communist rule. The German historiography of communism shows the usefulness of a socio-political approach that could serve as model. The article then further retraces the permanence of this misleading interpretation to the influence of a highly politicized narrative of the terror period inspired by the work of historian Karel Kaplan and other intellectuals of the Prague Spring era. For this it makes use of Kaplan’s autobiography, which has only ever appeared in French. One particular point of interest is the historiographical treatment reserved to the Stalinist leader Klement Gottwald. The article suggests that this reform communist narrative, which blames the terror on the Soviets without questioning the responsibility of Czech society, has kept the history of the 1950s in Czechoslovakia from evolving at the same pace as the historiography of the post-1968 period. It therefore needs to be acknowledged and challenged.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115212544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effectiveness of Grassroots Lobbying at the Regional Level in Poland: The Cases of Opole and Subcarpathian Region 波兰基层游说在地区层面的有效性:以奥波莱和亚喀尔巴阡地区为例

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211054156

Maciej Olejnik

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Grassroots Lobbying at the Regional Level in Poland: The Cases of Opole and Subcarpathian Region","authors":"Maciej Olejnik","doi":"10.1177/08883254211054156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254211054156","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the effectiveness of grassroots lobbying at the regional level in Poland. For the purpose of the article, “loyalty to the citizens versus party theory” was formulated. It distinguishes two stages of the policy-making process within which the councilors react differently to grassroots lobbying. The first stage refers to the preparation of the law by the region’s board. The theory assumes that the more people pressure the legislator to persuade the board to their initiative, the more inclined he is to endorse it. This way he proves loyalty to the citizens and secures his reelection. The second stage concerns the legislators’ voting behavior. In this case, grassroots lobbying has a neutral impact on them. The councilors remain loyal to the party leaders and vote accordingly so that their position on the party list is guaranteed in the next election. In order to verify the theory, a study consisting of anonymous interviews with sixty legislators from the Opole and Subcarpathian Assembly was conducted. The outcome of the research indicates that (1) a considerable majority of legislators were positively influenced by grassroots lobbying to pressure the region’s board; (2) the voting behavior of the majority of legislators was not impacted by grassroots lobbying; (3) grassroots lobbying is the most effective at the first stage of the policy-making process; (4) the structure of government does not determine the legislators’ reaction to grassroots lobbying; (5) the party’s status (in power or in opposition) impacts the legislator’s voting behavior.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133834447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blind Spots in Post-1989 Czech Historiography of State Socialism: Gender as a Category of Analysis 1989年后捷克国家社会主义史学的盲点:性别作为一个分析范畴

East European Politics & Societies and Cultures Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/08883254211012763

Libora Oates-Indruchová

{"title":"Blind Spots in Post-1989 Czech Historiography of State Socialism: Gender as a Category of Analysis","authors":"Libora Oates-Indruchová","doi":"10.1177/08883254211012763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254211012763","url":null,"abstract":"Gender is rarely considered in the works on state socialism in Czech history writing. Given the prominence of the equality of the sexes in communist rhetoric and the heated anti- and pro-feminism media and intellectual debates of the 1990s, the omission stands out as a remarkable loss of opportunity in historical research. It also defies logic. For if “emancipation” and “equality” were so strongly present in pre-1989 discourse and women constituted half the population, does it not follow that the plain demographic fact should drive the interest of researchers to inquire where this population was, what it did, and what it had to say? The question has so far attracted primarily sociologists, but how does it fare in historiography? What are the losses of the absence and the gains of the inclusion of a gender perspective on the history and memory-making of state socialism? This article will first consider the status quo of gender blindness in Czech historiography and its possible reasons in the context of the legacy that state socialism left to social sciences and humanities: the legacy of expertise, disciplinary legitimation and epistemological legacy. A discussion of the consequences of the near absence of gender history and analysis from post-1989 interpretations of state socialism in historiography follows: blind spots and loss of knowledge, lack of precision and a gender bias of historical accounts, and perpetuation of false legacy. Finally, the article discusses the gains to Czech historiography, memory-making and international discussion, if scholars do consider gender.","PeriodicalId":403488,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics & Societies and Cultures","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128747588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0