RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL最新文献

{"title":"The Experimental Loop of Railway Research Institute celebrates its 90th Anniversary","authors":"V. Kaplin, O. Rimskaya","doi":"10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-278-285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-278-285","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, the main testing centre of Russian railways, the Experimental Loop of the Railway Research Institute, turns 90 years old.The experience accumulated by the Experimental Loop is unique at a global scale: at the time of its creation, it was the world's first designated testing area for the latest models of railway vehicles and materials.The contribution of the Experimental Loop to the development of Soviet and Russian railways cannot be overestimated. A specially built proving ground and highly professional staff equipped with all the necessary tools made it possible to radically accelerate the development of new railway technologies and their implementation in the transportation process. The reputation and importance of the Experimental Loop is confirmed by the constant attention and visits of top state officials and industry leaders.The presented historical essay shows the main stages in the development of the Experimental Loop, as well as its significance both for the transport industry of our country and for Russian railway science.","PeriodicalId":403070,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117013030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of diesel engine exhaust gas heat for heating passenger cars","authors":"G. M. Stoyakin, A. Kostin, S. Naumenko","doi":"10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-240-246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-240-246","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The tasks of increasing energy saving in heating systems for passenger cars of diesel trains are currently relevant. As an alternative source of energy for these systems, the possibility of using the waste heat of the diesel locomotive engine is analysed.Materials and methods. The article provides an analysis of the engine waste heat sources, cooling water and exhaust gases. A schematic diagram of exhaust gas heat exchanger for its use in the heating system of passenger cars has been deve loped. As a possible heat-exchange surface of the waste heat exchanger, plate-ribbed, coiled and tube surfaces with longitudinal boundary layer turbulators are proposed. The required area of this surface for the maximum power of the heating system for a passenger train is determined.Results. The article shows the possibility of using engine exhaust heat in the heating system of a 15-car passenger train without involving third-party energy sources.Discussion and conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate a sufficient potential for increasing the efficiency of using the diesel engine fuel energy when utilising its waste heat for the heating system of passenger cars. The selection of a waste heat exchanger is justified based on a performance of 50 % of the peak load on the heating system at the middle position of the controller.","PeriodicalId":403070,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126977216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing the performance of the Far Eastern Railway traction power supply system","authors":"N. Grigor’ev, I. Ignatenko, S. Vlasenko, V. A. Kovalev, V. Shatalov","doi":"10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-248-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-248-257","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The purpose of the study is to develop measures determined by the strategic programmes for the development of Russian railway transport based on the analysis of power supply schemes for the traction network of the Far Eastern Railway, a branch of Russian Railways.Materials and methods. Evaluation of the performance of the traction power supply system was made based on the analysis of the actual performance of the Far Eastern Railway section, as well as the theories of electrical engineering and power supply of the 25 kV AC electrified railway system.Results. Based on the analysis of the joint operation of the external and traction power supply systems of the Far Eastern Railway, four traction substations with low technical and economic indicators were identified. Network sections that feed the substations are a bottleneck in the traction power supply system. It is proposed to increase the efficiency by switching the connection of the windings of transformers of traction substations to the systems of external and traction power supply according to the typical star – delta scheme. Such a connection will ensure an increase in the speed of trains, a reduction in train succession time and losses of electricity, an increase in the quality of electric energy in the external power supply system and electric networks of the Far Eastern Directorate for Energy Supply (a structural subdivision of Transenergo, a branch of Russian Railways).Discussion and conclusion. Normalisation of the connection of four traction substations according to the feeding scheme is ensured by changing the phasing in such a way that the power supply of the two legs of one winding of the power transformer is transferred to two windings. Alignment of the current modules in the windings of transformers of traction substations makes it possible to reduce the voltage drop in the most loaded phase and, accordingly, increase the voltage in the traction network, which ensures an increase in the speed of trains and a reduction in passing intervals. Switching the power supply of the arms from one winding of the transformer to two reduces the loss of electrical energy in power transformers and the external power supply system. Reducing the current unbalance in the windings of the power transformer improves the quality of electrical energy in the system of external and district power supply. An increase in the service life of the power transformer is ensured by a decrease in the intensity of thermal wear of the insulation of the most loaded winding.","PeriodicalId":403070,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115549028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing reliability of traction electric motors of diesel locomotives taking into account thermophysical parameters of insulation and armature winding conductors","authors":"V. I. Kiselev, T. O. Vakhromeeva, A. I. Fedyanin","doi":"10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-213-220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-213-220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The issue of ensuring the operable state of the DC traction motor is relevant due to its large-scale use on diesel locomotives, including modern powerful motors, operating on lines with increased train masses. At present, a rather difficult situation has developed in the locomotive industry with the failure of diesel locomotive traction electric motors due to a decrease in the insulation resistance of the armature windings of the electric motors and their subsequent breakdowns: up to 28 % of the total number of failures of electric motors are due to breakdown of the hull insulation and interturn short circuit of the armature and 13 % of cases are due to reduction in the resistance of the insulating material.Materials and methods. The paper considers the main directions of scientific research on the causes of insulation integrity failure, which lead to unscheduled repairs of traction motors. The theoretical substantiation of the root causes of insulation destruction is based on the importance of taking into account the coefficients of thermal linear expansion of copper and its insulating materials. In order to study thermodynamic processes in the winding of a traction motor, a computational finite element model of a winding coil laid in the groove of the armature core has been developed. The winding model is represented separately by a conductor and insulation, between which contact conditions are specified. The conductor of the calculation model heats up to 120 °C from the current flow. Mathematical apparatus embedded in the MSC calculation program, Patran – Nastran, made it possible to evaluate the deformation of the conductor relative to the insulation as a result of a linear increment due to thermal expansion.Results. With the help of mathematical modelling and based on the results of finite element analysis, the confirmation of the theoretical justification is clearly shown. The difference in elongation during heating of the motor armature conductor and insulation, obtained by mathematical modelling, is 0.6 mm and is significant for the winding (consisting of a conductor and insulation), which is usually considered as a single whole body.Discussion and conclusion. The obtained result shows the need for more detailed studies to select the technology for the insulation of the DC traction motor. The use of insulating materials for the armature winding with coefficients of thermal linear expansion equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the copper conductors of the winding will improve the reliability of traction electric motors of diesel locomotives in operation.","PeriodicalId":403070,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128498503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of wheel pairs slip control of electric freight locomotive with asynchronous traction motors","authors":"A. Savos’kin, N. D. Shilin","doi":"10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-230-239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-230-239","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Every year, the amount of electric rolling stock with asynchronous traction motors is continuously increasing on the Russian railway network, since such traction drives have a number of advantages over drives with DC motors. One of the problems associated with the introduction of asynchronous motors and an increase in the mass of trains is the implementation of the maximum traction force by an electric locomotive at the threshold in terms of wheel – rail adhesion. Timely recognition of excessive slip of wheel pairs is the most important indicator of the efficiency of the traction drive in realising the maximum traction properties of the electric locomotive at all axles.Materials and methods. The article reflects the results of the study of slip of electric locomotive wheel pairs with asynchronous traction motors and axial control of the traction force, obtained during experimental runs on a railway section under various adhesion conditions. The article presents a technique for studying the wheel pair adhesion failure of electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors.Results. During the comparison of the obtained experimental results with the calculated parameters by the O. Polach mathematical model, an updated range of the relative slip of wheel pairs is given, in which the electric locomotive control system could realise the maximum tractive effort. Exceeding this range will lead to increased wear of wheel pairs without increasing traction properties.Discussion and conclusion. It is advisable to use the results of the study in the future when developing systems for controlling the tractive effort at the limit of adhesion and systems for controlling the slip of wheel pairs of electric freight locomotives with asynchronous traction motors.","PeriodicalId":403070,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123105663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of aerodynamic parameters of current collector on current collection at movement speeds up to 160 km/h","authors":"N. V. Mironos, M. N. Emel’yanova, D. V. Tartynskiy","doi":"10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-221-229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2022-81-3-221-229","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. This article investigates the influence of the aerodynamic parameters of the current collector on the contact force. For this purpose, the influence in the speed range up to 160 km/h on the quality of the current collection, in particular on the increased wear of the current collector contact strips, was determined.Materials and methods. A method for calculating aerodynamic forces was developed using mathematical modelling by the method of computational fluid dynamics. The current collector can be conditionally divided into three parts: the base, the current collector lifting mechanism and the current collector head. The main characteristic of this interaction is the force with which the head is pressed against the contact wire and the stability of this force in dynamically changing external conditions.Results. The simulation performed showed that at a speed of about 140 km/h, head vibrations occur that change the contact force. This made it possible to explain the increased wear of the inserts during testing and commissioning of electric trains of the ES2G and ET4A types, which use the same type of current collectors. The presence of the current collector holder near its head, which is a pipe located along the entire length of the head at a slight distance, fundamentally changes the flow pattern. Based on the performed mathematical modelling, changes were made to the design of the current collector head in order to improve its aerodynamic properties. Other current-collecting elements were used to ensure stable aerodynamic properties of the head in a given speed range.Discussion and conclusion. The introduced changes made it possible to solve the problem with increased wear of the contact strips at a speed of up to 160 km/h. The conducted studies and the introduction of changes in GOST 32204–2013 based on these studies will improve the reliability and durability of the current collection devices.","PeriodicalId":403070,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN RAILWAY SCIENCE JOURNAL","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116653101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}