José L. Ramírez Cruz, H. Rabiela, B. V. González, Gustavo A. Bravo Acosta, P. Segura
{"title":"Crack Growth Study in Welded Sheet Metal","authors":"José L. Ramírez Cruz, H. Rabiela, B. V. González, Gustavo A. Bravo Acosta, P. Segura","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2021.508009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2021.508009","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results of research on the propagation of fatigue cracks in structural steel sheet, subjected to a MIG welding process. The study was conducted on rectangular test pieces with 62.5 x 60 mm and 2 mm thick, MIG welded and non-welded. Samples were tested for fatigue crack propagation at the base material and welded metal. The results show a crack stop in the heat affected zone (HAZ), requiring greater amplitude of the stress intensity factor (KI) so the crack could propagate in a stable manner. Results indicate that the combination of adequate microstructure and residual stress in the HAZ are those factors which can stop the advance of the crack in MIG welded material.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124245636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Study of High-Order Soliton Generation in Photonic Crystal Fibers: Effect of the Pulse Shape and Its Duration","authors":"S. Ali, H. Sultan","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2022.608010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2022.608010","url":null,"abstract":"High-order soliton generation in photonic crystal fibers was simulated using split-step Fourier method (SSFM) and MATLAB. The input pulse shape was studied for various types, super-Gaussian, chirped and pulses obtained from a train of individual Gaussian pulses. The study shows that the order of soliton generated depends on pulse shape, input power and dispersion and nonlinear parameters of the photonic crystal fiber.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122518146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Evolution in Design Process with Software Packages A Case Study of Hyderabad and Karachi","authors":"Irum Arisar, Bhai Khan Shar, Sabeen Shah","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2021.509005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2021.509005","url":null,"abstract":"- Architectural tools play an important part in the solving design issues. The best way to represent a designer's imagination in a concrete reality is by using drawing techniques. With changes occurring in the field of technology and design the use of drawing tools has also evolved and improved. Although digital tools replaced conventional drawing tools that were used in the past, the influx of computer technology in architectural design has had a profound influence on how buildings are planned and constructed. The widespread use of digital technology (IT) transformations at this stage introduced technologies that encourage the development in architectural designs and manufacturing techniques for reasons other than necessity, and their impact on architecture is still widely undefined. Many new software applications for digital models with Building and Modeling Knowledge have launched in recent years been used for model developing and 2D drawings as well. This study aims to analyses the characteristics and nature of design process and how it is evolved from beginning through organic approach till now with the advent of software packages, by doing so it will highlight the comparison of conventional and modern tools and the impact of software tools on architects and design, the advantages of utilizing software tools in the field of architecture.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121197631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akbar Dwitama, Widayat, M.S.K. Tony Suryo Utomo, N. Sinaga
{"title":"Performance Analysis of HP Heater with Comparison of the Number of Plugging Tubes in a 400 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant","authors":"Akbar Dwitama, Widayat, M.S.K. Tony Suryo Utomo, N. Sinaga","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2023.705001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2023.705001","url":null,"abstract":"Each of Units 1-4 SLA PGU has a capacity of 400 MW and seven feedwater heaters, namely three lowpressure feedwater heaters (LPH 1, 2, and 3), a deaerator, and three high-pressure feedwater heaters (HPH 5, 6, and 7). HPH 5 in Unit 2 has experienced 30% tube plugging, which is equivalent to 480 out of 1579 tubes. Plugging is expected to reduce the performance of HPH. If the plugging exceeds the maximum limit, the HPH needs to be retubed to restore equipment reliability. Furthermore, a comparison of the performance of HPH 5 was calculated with plugging variations of 0%, 22%, and 30% when the unit was at full load. The calculation results of terminal temperature difference (TTD), drain cooler approach (DCA), and log mean temperature difference (LMTD) showed an increase with the increase in plugging in HPH. Meanwhile, the calculation of heat rate and effectiveness showed a decrease caused by the additional plugging in the HPH. The largest heat transfer occurs in the condensing zone of the HPH, where the value is around 80% to 85% of the total heat transfer that occurs. All calculations of the relationship between performance parameters and HPH plugging variations have an R-square value of more than 0.67, indicating a strong relationship.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114946979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Support Vector Machine Kernel Model Calibration for Optimal Accuracy in Automatic Pineapple Slices Classification","authors":"J. Kamau, P. Hinga, S. I. Kamau","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2022.609001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2022.609001","url":null,"abstract":"Sorting pineapple can be automated with use of computer vision. The unique challenge with the pineapple slices is variability of the fruit slices color, ripeness and texture due to varying environmental parameters and fruit types. The most common types of pineapple fruit are smooth Caen and MD2. Currently the pineapple industries sort the slices manually using casual workers. Before commencement of a typical production shift, there is startup shift where machine are cleaned, prepared and calibrated for the production. Fruit slices are also sampled and processed to simulated actual production. A mock sorting is done to help guide the worker for the expected sorting for the five categories i.e: fancy ¾, fancy ½, choice, broken and reject. To achieve a fully automated sorting process there is a need to calibrate machine model and capture the day to day variability of fruit color, ripeness and texture. In this paper we propose to use an analytical method to calibrate the Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Gaussian radial basis function (RBF) for optimal sigma and box constraint (C). A compelling feature of the proposed algorithm is that it does not require an optimization search, making the selection process simpler and more computationally efficient. The proposed algorithm achieves the highest accuracy when used with the Gaussian multiclass SVM, as demonstrated by experimental results on three real-world datasets.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115090540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behavior of Deep Beams using Different Concrete Grades","authors":"N. Ahmed, A. Khalil, Ezz El-deen Mostafa","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2021.508013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2021.508013","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the experimental results of the investigation of behavior of simply supported deep beams having layers of concrete of different grades (25 MPa and 50 MPa). The tested beams were loaded with one vertical load at mid span up to failure. All specimens were fabricated and tested at the laboratory of reinforced concrete of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University. The experimental program is carried out using five simply supported deep beams having the same dimensions; specimens with an effective span of 1100 mm, width of 200 mm and a height of 1000 mm, specimens also have the same top, bottom, vertical, and horizontal reinforcement. The experimental studies showed that the failure of tested deep beams was mainly due to diagonal cracks. Casting concrete on different layers causes the first cracks appeared at earlier load than in beam with one grade of concrete. It was also found that the best flexural behavior of deep beams is obtained when the bottom layer is casted using high concrete compressive strength and gives results (deflection, and failure load) close to results of deep beam casted with high compressive strength.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129364869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting NEPSE Index Using ARIMA Model","authors":"Avinash Maskey","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2022.602014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2022.602014","url":null,"abstract":"Since its inception, the stock market, one of the most financially turbulent markets, has captivated the hearts of thousands of investors. Predicting stock indexes or prices has long been a prominent subject of research in the domain of financial information because of the reward and risk. Also, it has a tremendous beauty as everyone wants to benefit from it. Many approaches are used to forecast stock indexes or prices in the stock market, including technical analysis, fundamental analysis, statistical analysis, and so on, but no single method has shown to be a reliable forecasting tool. This research work contributes to the subject of Time Series Analysis, which seeks to forecast stock market indexes using historical data. In this research work, ARIMA model for NEPSE index has been examined. Published data of daily closing stock index was obtained from Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). With 1798 observations, the data set covers the NEPSE index for approximately eight years, from February 02, 2014 to January 13, 2022. Furthermore, based on the findings, the ARIMA model has a high potential for anticipating short-term market swings, which might be beneficial to short-term traders or investors.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124194946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impacts of DFIG and Type IV WTG‟ Capacity and the Location of Placement on IEEE 13 Node Radial Test Feeder Positive, Negative and Zero Sequence Reactance in Short Circuits","authors":"Kemei Peter Kirui, D. Murage, P. Kihato","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2023.702001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2023.702001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128540175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ogar, Timothy Okey, E. E. Asuquo, Ayuk Simon Obietta
{"title":"Flood Risk Zones, Housing Development and Response of Residential Property Owners in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Ogar, Timothy Okey, E. E. Asuquo, Ayuk Simon Obietta","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2022.609002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2022.609002","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined flood risk zones as ecological constraint to housing development and the response of residential property owners in the Calabar metropolis, Nigeria. Multi-research design was used to map flood risk zones. The continuous data types include satellite imageries, digital elevation model, distance to river and administrative boundary data made up secondary data. Primary data include questionnaires administered to 400 respondents based on the Taro Yamane sample size formula and multi criteria analysis was adopted to select flood prone zones. Findings revealed that places such as MCC road, Old Odukpani Road, Good luck Jonathan Bypass, IBB way, Murtala Mohammed way, Marian and Ndidem Iso Road are located at the very low risk zones. Furthermore, areas located within the Low-risk zone include: Atu street, Ediba Road, Palm street, Summit hills road, Uwanse road, Orok–orok streets, Mary Slessor avenue, 4th avenue and Barracks road. More so, streets such as: Eyo-Ita, Court road, Ekorinim, New Airport road, Atimbo, Bedwell street and Diamond road are located within the Moderate risk zone. Lastly, areas like Jebs road, Edem Ekpo street, Afokang street and Hawkins road fall under the low-risk zones, while no street was classified as very high-risk zone. However flash floods do a lot of damage to properties of urban residents yet many find it difficult to relocate due to cost implicatioin. 69.5% of respondents experience severe flooding 3 to 4 times a year while 10.5% and 20% experience the disaster twice and once respectively in a year. Majority of the respondents depend on government preventive measures. Mixed layouts varying from walled, unwalled to kindred has not help matters. Indication that Calabar is urbanizing rapidly with weak planning agency leading to irrationality of developers in land acquisition.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130662745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Affordable Portable Oscilloscope Using Vacuum Tubes","authors":"Maximilian Aaron Jelačić","doi":"10.47001/irjiet/2023.706001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2023.706001","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this project is developing an affordable oscilloscope for the average hobbyist and making it simple to use and build. The developed oscilloscope is an analog oscilloscope. Because they are much simpler to build than digital ones, they are generally more resistant to high voltages and allow the user to measure voltages up to hundreds of volts without damaging the oscilloscope. This gives the user a greater freedom in experimentation. As the oscilloscope is an analog one the display will be provided with a cathode ray tube. Having a CRT display makes the driving circuit of the display much simpler than a digital one. To allow the oscilloscope to handle high voltages and to be able to power the x and y deflection on the CRT, vacuum tubes will be used. Even though vacuum tubes consume and waste power for the heating of their cathodes, that will only present a couple watts of loses that can be ignored in this prototype development.","PeriodicalId":403005,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology","volume":"943 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133580322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}