Human Factors and Systems Interaction最新文献

{"title":"Ontologies for emergency management","authors":"Anacleto Correia, M. Simões-Marques, Pedro B. Água","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002135","url":null,"abstract":"In emergency management (EM), different domain vocabularies are used by distinct specialized actors involved in catastrophes’ response. Ontologies enables information sharing among them. This review of ontologies is an exploratory work aimed at collecting references of already proposed ontologies for the realm of EM; a first step for the proposal of a coherent and integrated architecture for EM ontologies. This work conforms to the PRISMA method and was performed by systematically searching several electronic databases for identifying proposed EM ontologies, published between the period of 1970 to 2021. From a total of 1885 articles identified, 104 articles met the full inclusion criteria for the systematic review. The articles found were classified according to (among other categories) the type of addressed disaster by the ontology, the main focus of the proposed approach, and the methods and techniques adopted. Despite the exploratory nature of this work, the review highlighted underexplored topics, and research gaps, due to the lack of integration of the ontological proposals, which hampers their semantic alignment in a modular architecture of ontologies, amenable of an infrastructure for distributed data sources of the Linked Open Data initiative.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117197263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cultural diversity on organizational and operational risk levels","authors":"Pedro B. Água, Armindo Frias, A. Correia, M. Simões-Marques","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003610","url":null,"abstract":"The blue economy develops in a multicultural environment, posing an additional risk for the organizations involved. Operations at sea where people are involved, be it in ships or offshore infrastructures, are not free from operational risks, affecting safety of on board operations for example. Moreover, international projects and operations pursued by multinational organizations (such as UN, EU or NATO), have the potential for the risk levels to increase as a result of a particular aspect of human factor – cultural diversity. Crises response and peace operations, for instance, force teaming up people not only with different cultural backgrounds among themselves, but additionally make such teams interface with local populations whose culture is usually much different from theirs. Not being aware of the cultural differences of the involved people may lead to increased misunderstandings, unnecessary controversies, increased risks and avoidable accidents. Conflicts originate from different mental models of the world, which are developed as a consequence of the growing experience – not only within a specific social context, but also national one. Therefore, when people with different backgrounds are gathered as part of a multinational effort, the potential for misaligned perceptions and conflicts arise, and consequently organizational and operational increased risk levels.Several distinct models and frameworks exist to bring understanding over intercultural management; however, there’s barely any established taxonomy or standard model which one could refer to in order to master any situation. Among the main frameworks, we have the ones from Hall, Trompenaars, Hofstede. The purpose of this paper is to bring some clarity, and if possible order, contributing to establish a general framework as a result of the integration, or blending, of the main different ones, and as such provide guidance for professionals who have to face risks in their respective fields of work as a result of the impact of different multicultural settings. Even if the writing of this paper was done with the maritime industry in mind, which is perhaps the oldest multicultural industry in the world, the attained results and practical implications will spill over the purely maritime operations and extend their application into most multinational systems’ endeavours – be it within the business, NGO or security contexts.The methods used comprise the analysis and comparison of the main culture models and associated frameworks, clarifying where such models superimpose each other and where they are complementary. Once they are understood, it will be possible to think in terms of cause and effect and design useful procedures to support the people on the fields, hence contributing to an improved human factor paradigm in what intercultural interactions concern.The expected outcome will be a clearer and tentatively universal model – a proposed taxonomy - which may help to address, manage and kee","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129953946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should I stay or Should I go? Using a Cooperative Sneak Peek Interface in Highly Automated Vehicles","authors":"Jürgen Pichen, Nikol Figalová, M. Baumann","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002164","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the future, highly automated vehicles (HAVs) will be capable of performing aspects of driving safely and without human assistance. However, even HAVs may occasionally reach a system boundary and not perform efficiently, especially in complex traffic situations. A human driver could outperform the HAV in such situations, given that human eyes and cognitive processes are likely to be more capable in certain tasks than advanced sensors. Therefore, allowing the human driver to cooperate with an automated system may improve driving efficiency and safety. Implementing the driver-vehicle cooperation approach, the HAV could suggest a manoeuvre that can either be accepted or ignored by the driver. To ensure the driver has enough information prior to making the decision, we proposed a “Sneak Peek” function. This cooperative feature allows drivers to adjust the lateral position of the HAV prior to accepting the manoeuvre request. This study aims to explore how drivers use the Sneak Peek in scenarios when an overtake manoeuvre is requested, but the view from the ego vehicle is obstructed by a lead vehicle. Method. We conducted a driving simulator study with 27 participants (15 female, age M = 25.0, SD = 3.2). The ego vehicle drove in a highly automated mode (SAE level 4) with a velocity of 100 km/h. Participants experienced nine scenarios in which they approached a slow-moving lead vehicle (LV) driving at 70 km/h. The position of the LV was either right, the centre, or left of the lane, which changed how obstructed the view from the ego-vehicle was. At a distance of 45 meters from the LV, the HAV suggested an overtaking manoeuvre. Participants could (a) approve the overtake request straight away, (b) adjust their lateral position using the Sneak Peek function prior to deciding whether to accept the requested manoeuvre, (c) continue slowly following the LV. Results. In total, participants accepted 97.7 % of overtake requests. The Sneak Peek function was used in 83.1 % of trials. We found a significant association between the LV lateral position and the Sneak Peek usage (X2 (2, 486) = 65.69, p <.01). Participants used the Sneak Peek significantly less when the LV was positioned on the left of the lane (63.6 %) than when it was in the center (93.8 %) or right (92.0 %) of the lane. Moreover, the duration of the Sneak Peek was longer when the LV was positioned to the left side of the lane (M = 9.6, SD = 10.0) than when on the right of the lane (M = 6.0, SD = 6.4), (F(2, 399) = 5.21, p < .05). Furthermore, higher visual obstruction caused by the LV on the left lane lead to a greater lateral position adjustment (F(2, 444) = 19.044, p <.01), which implies that when the LV was positioned to the left of the lane, participants moved the lateral distance of EV further to the left. All participants confirmed that the Sneak Peek was useful in helping them decide whether to overtake.Conclusion. The Sneak Peek function helps drivers to decide whether to overtake or not","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"129 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124483443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measures for human design of mental stress factors of digital work in public administrations","authors":"Miriam Maibaum, Marc Weber, S. Stowasser","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003584","url":null,"abstract":"The digital transformation is concerning people in several aspects. In working environments of many workers, major changes and challenges are becoming apparent because of the proceeding dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICT). With the implementation of new digital technologies and digitalized work processes, the demands and burdens of employees are also inevitably changing. The rapid pace of technological development can increase mental strain on employees (Gimpel 2018), and as a result, impairment in the form of stress can occur among individual employees. Especially, public administrations are under pressure, not only because they are facing a digitalization-driven transformation, but also because employees are encountered with an increased workload in their daily work due to legislative requirements. The study focuses on public administrations in Germany and aims to answer the overarching question of how the digital transformation can succeed by involving the employees in the process of change. Its also analysed how to design mental stress factors in a human-oriented way. For this purpose, the stress factors of digital work are defined as the following, according to GIMPEL et al. (2020):•Invasion of privacy & performance monitoringConcern about invasion of privacy and favouring the perception of surveillance. •Modification & complexityContinuing ICT changes and upgrades unsettle users and create uncertainty. The complexity of new technologies leads users to feel inadequate regarding their computer skills. Individuals are forced to constantly learn new technologies and undergo frequent educational trainings. •Fewer completed work tasksDigitization can make it more difficult to assess completed tasks and can lead to the feeling of hardly making any work progress.•Interruptions in the workdayThe use of ICT often introduces frequent interruptions into individuals' daily work routine, leading to increased stress and lower productivity.•Unavailability and unreliabilityDue to e.g. organizational restrictions new technologies are prohibited and it comes to an increased workload because of unstable running systems. •Information overloadThe workload increases due to higher amount of provided information and acceleration of work.•Overload and invasionDue to the dissolution of boundaries between work and private life employees force to work faster and longer where ICTs is used. They feel of being constantly reachable and a shorter response time is expected.In the paper, results of an interview study will be presented. As part of the study, 19 semi-structured interviews have been conducted between the beginning of August 2022 and the beginning of November 2022 with a total of 17 experts from public administrations in Germany who deal with digital transformation in their administrations and three consultants who support public administration in the transformation process. In the interview study, first the above-mentioned stress fa","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124029833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Spatial Stimulus-Response (S-R) Compatibility Studies for Further Human Machine Interface Studies","authors":"A. Chan, Siu Shing Man, Tingru Zhang, Wilson W Chan, Saad A. Alabdulkarim","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002185","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of a series of spatial stimulus–response (S-R) compatibility studies which involved various audio/visual signals and hand/foot controls. The experiments examined the performance of right-handed/right-footed participants for various spatial stimulus–response (S-R) mapping conditions with signals and controls configured in different orientations. The effects of various signal modalities and intra/crossed modalities, crossed/uncrossed hands, single/dual tasks, discrete and continual tracking tasks on S-R tasks were examined. Performance measures including response times (RT), error percentages (EP), root mean square errors for hand and foot tracking (RMSHTE and RMSFTE) for various configurations were analyzed, and the major findings are summarized. The studies had provided useful ergonomics guidelines for designing hand/foot controls and audio/visual displays which are valuable for improving efficiency and performance in human–machine systems. The review also reveals the knowledge gaps left unfilled from past studies and further research directions are then suggested to fill in the gaps of the spatial S-R compatibility studies.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126226568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unified Vision-series of military exercise - the methodological struggles in conducting evaluation of Human Factors and Systems Interaction","authors":"Rune Stensrud, Sigmund Valaker, Torgar Haugen","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003605","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity and practical constraints of sociotechnical systems demand that researchers develop better understanding and methods for testing and providing input on critical Human Factor (HF) and Systems Interaction problems. This article takes a concrete approach to this problem describing the NATO HFM-276 Task Group methodological struggles in conducting evaluation of a military exercise. To analyze the duality; theory and practice, in the area an overall Socio-Technical Multiteam (STM) model was used to identify critical Human Factors (HF) and Systems Interaction in order to survey the gap between simulation and best practice. The Systems Interaction and the methodological struggles in conducting the evaluation of HF and Systems Interaction One dilemma that occurs in these events is the one between being a training arena for military units and operational versus being an arena for operational testing of systems and new capabilities, may lead to some challenges for HF methods. This speaks to the aspect of multiplicity and uncertainty. The behavior of the distributed cooperative systems and operators during the preparation phase and execution are made up of multiple, highly interconnected individuals who influence one another formally and informally. A particular aspect of the UV exercises is the ongoing modifications of systems (e.g., Command and control systems and information systems) and their use during the trial itself. Operators and Supervisors are to analyze data seeking to identify targets across Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) operations. Evaluating these operations included Human Factors and Systems Interaction (pre- and post-exercise) surveys, observational, archival, and document study. We discuss the utility of these methods using recent work in the HF and ergonomics literature on how to match HF methods to core aspects of the complexity of sociotechnical systems. We also discuss how the methods used could capture complexity, and how to improve HF evaluations of training and test practices in the military and other field settings taking into account some aspects of the complexity of ISR operations. The example of mapping organizational structure using a problem space, as well as experimental designs could be avenues for accommodating complexity in future HF evaluations of military exercises.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134337719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Power to be Seen: A Study on the Accessibility Design of Live Stream System for the Visually Impaired","authors":"Jinbang Tan, Ranran Liao, Yifan Deng, Fucong Xu, Shaoping Guan","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003589","url":null,"abstract":"The career discussion for the visually impaired has long been contentious in China, particularly as social technology advances. The interview result of Guangdong’s first blind mock streamer competition hosted by the Guangdong Association of the Blinds showed that exploring the possibility of live streaming for the visually impaired and enhancing the user experience and efficiency of the current live stream accessibility design is necessary. This study applied field study, roleplay action, and case studies as preliminary research to explore and reprioritize the challenges of streaming operations and experiences for visually impaired streamers. Finally, A-Live an all-in-one stream system with an auto-follow wind camera and accessibility UI design on TikTok was designed to allow the visually impaired complete live streaming independently.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132808182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring User-Preferred Gestures for Interaction Tasks of Data Visualization on the Large Display","authors":"Yiqi Xiao","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002179","url":null,"abstract":"Interaction with graphical visualization is an important part of visual analytics. The purpose of this study is to explore how analysts will understand the using of gestures for interacting with data displayed on large screen. For this purpose, this study aims at investigating user-preferred interactions for the tasks of data visualization. To elicit gestures for 20 visualization tasks which cover all categories of interaction for visual analysis, the researcher designed a quick-response experiment based on the Wizard-of-Oz (WoZ) method. Finally, the gestures with high frequency were selected. Findings show the distance between user and the display has an impact on the elicited gestures for specific tasks. The consensus on users’ gesture proposals is also discussed. The conclusion of this research has some implications for natural interaction design for visualization.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133682716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and evaluation methodology for cockpit lighting system in civil transport aircraft","authors":"Yi Zeng","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1002163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002163","url":null,"abstract":"The cockpit lighting system of civil transport aircraft can create a good visual environment for the flight crew to ensure that the flight crew can accurately and clearly interpret all displayed information under various brightness environments. Reasonable cockpit lighting design needs to follow the necessary design principles to improve the friendliness of the human-machine environment in the cockpit. Simultaneously, the cockpit lighting evaluation is an effective supplementary means for discovering design defects. It can reduce the possibility of the existence or continuation of the development of potential accidents during the flight, and reduce the occurrence of human errors. From the perspective of an engineering designer, this paper puts forward the principles and evaluation methods to be followed in the cockpit lighting design of civil transport aircraft, which can provide certain guidance in the field of civil transport cockpit lighting design.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132712648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Interactive Design Strategies of Online Learning Platform Based on Cognitive Load Theory","authors":"Bian Kun, Wang Yan, Dong-Yup Han","doi":"10.54941/ahfe1003585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003585","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, online learning has been increasingly popular due to its convenience and accessibility. To improve the quality of online learning, it is essential to understand the learners' cognitive load during online learning interaction. Cognitive load theory and teaching interaction hierarchy theory are employed to explore the impact of learners' cognitive load during online learning interaction. Based on these theories, this study utilizes EEG technology and subjective measurement to measure the cognitive load of learners' operational interaction and information interaction during online learning interaction. Six typical tasks were studied, including login, search, browse, share, and discuss. The results demonstrate that the login and search tasks have a higher cognitive load and the browse and share tasks have a lower cognitive load among the six typical tasks, virtual reality learning environments have a lower cognitive load than online learning environments. Therefore, by correctly identifying the cognitive load of tasks in operational and information interaction, optimization strategies can help to reduce the cognitive load of learners during online learning interaction and improve the quality of online learning.","PeriodicalId":402751,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors and Systems Interaction","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114569852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}