Journal of Advanced Lung Health最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of pulmonary functions in COVID-19 survivors and their clinical correlation at 6-month follow-up: A prospective observational study","authors":"Sunil Kumar, Jimit Mistry, A. Kumari, Manish Advani, C. Purohit, Harsh Vyas","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_13_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Long term impact of COVID-19 on pulmonary functions is still an area of active research. Objective: To assess pulmonary functions and their relationship with clinical severity of disease among COVID-19 survivors at six-month follow-up after being discharged from the hospital. Methods: It was a hospital based prospective observational six-month follow-up study. After fulfillment of all inclusion and exclusion criteria, subjects underwent spirometry and diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLco). Ninety-six subjects had completed the tests and were enrolled for the study. Categorization of subjects was made based on their clinical disease severity profile according to Government of India guidelines. Test results were correlated with clinical severity of disease. Results: Of 96 subjects, 46 were mild, 28 were moderate, 18 were severe and 4 were critical cases. Majority of subjects had normal spirometry (65.6 %) and DLco (66.6 %). Among abnormal lung functions, the commonest was reduced DLco (33.3%) followed by restrictive (18.7%), small airway disease (10.4 %), obstructive (3.1 %) and mixed (2%) spirometry patterns. With the advancement of clinical disease severity, the frequency of restrictive pattern (P<0.01) and reduced DLco increases significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: After six months, few COVID-19 survivors had residual lung function impairment in terms of reduced DLco and restrictive spirometry pattern. Hence, we recommend regular lung function assessment with various methods such as spirometry and DLco in COVID-19 survivors and advocate more large scale - long term follow-up studies to investigate the further progression or resolution in these abnormalities over the time.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126687762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with sarcoidosis","authors":"V. Marwah, N. Kumar, R. Choudhary, D. Mutreja, Anmol Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_8_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_8_23","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder often misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially fatal complication linked to extensive hemophagocytosis and hyperinflammatory response. Cases of sarcoidosis developing HLH are rarely documented and difficult to diagnose. We present the case of a 63-year-old female with sarcoidosis complicated with HLH, successfully managed at our center.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128817603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A young male presenting with black pleural effusion","authors":"Nitesh Gupta, Harsha Jain, Vidushi Rathi, A.J. Mahendran, Pankti Sheth, P. Ish, M. Madan, Rohit Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_4_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_4_23","url":null,"abstract":"Black pleural effusion is a rare entity of exudative pleural effusion with limited differentials. Focused investigations to rule out the frequent culprits (malignancy, pancreatic origin effusion, and fungal infection) should be made to enable prompt diagnosis of these diseases.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126644447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morgagni's masquerade: A radiological riddle mimicking staphylococcal pneumonia","authors":"Jesin Chakkamadathil, M. Muthiah, V. Mohan","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_15_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_15_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121372652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple myeloma with myelomatous pleural effusion and mediastinal plasmacytoma – A rare association","authors":"H. Somson, M. Paul, Jalaja George, Jolsana Augustine, Rajesh Venkitakrishnan, Melcy Cleetus, D. Ramachandran","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_7_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_7_23","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple myeloma, a relatively uncommon malignancy accounting for approximately 1%–2% of all cancers, is characterized by neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells producing a monoclonal immunoglobulin. While it mainly affects bone marrow, thoracic manifestations necessitating pulmonologist's attention are not infrequent. Bony involvement of the thoracic cage is the most typical thoracic manifestation of multiple myeloma, whereas less common presentations include pneumonia, pleural effusion, intraparenchymal mass lesions, lymphadenopathy of the mediastinum, reticulonodular shadows, and intrapulmonary calcifications. Myelomatous involvement of pleura with pleural effusions is very uncommon as is extramedullary plasmacytomas involving the mediastinum. We describe the case of an elderly female with multiple myeloma on chemotherapy who developed both these thoracic manifestations simultaneously. Considering her advanced age and poor performance status, family opted for the best supportive care and she succumbed to her primary disease.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121464451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-associated pleural effusion misdiagnosed as tubercular pleural effusion","authors":"Sonali Mallik, A. Datta, Amanpreet Kaur, S. Samal","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_5_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_5_23","url":null,"abstract":"Adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the pleural fluid has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing tubercular pleuritis. ADA level of more than 40 IU/L in a lymphocytic and exudative effusion is suggestive of tubercular etiology in clinical practice. Antitubercular chemotherapy is often instituted without further histopathological or microbiological confirmation, especially in tuberculosis (TB)-endemic countries. Lymphoma is another important cause of elevated ADA levels in pleural fluid. Hence, in the absence of tissue diagnosis, lymphoma is often wrongly labeled as TB based on fluid characteristics. Here, we present a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with right-side pleural effusion who was initially misdiagnosed to have TB based on pleural fluid analysis.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130281716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the term brittle asthma obsolete? What is its clinical relevance in routine practice?","authors":"R. Chetambath, J. John","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"Brittle asthma is a life-threatening phenotype of asthma and was considered relevant in clinical practice before the year 2000. After the introduction of GINA guidelines, this entity was not discussed much in literature and the phenotype was included in acute severe asthma. Even the GINA guideline-2022 update is silent about this phenotype. This article discusses brittle asthma phenotypes and examines the relevance of this entity in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121142421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung diseases","authors":"Rajesh Venkitakrishnan","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_2_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_2_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123983592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tubercular lymphadenopathy for postgraduates – A minireview","authors":"Vidushi Rathi, P. Ish","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_41_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_41_22","url":null,"abstract":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) remains often ignored by both medical community and authorities. This review attempts to summarize the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, investigations, diagnosis, treatment, and complication of lymph node TB (LNTB) in India. LNTB refers to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the lymph nodes and is the most common form of EPTB in India. Classical symptoms include low-grade fever, weight loss, loss of appetite, night sweats, and painless enlarged lymph nodes in the neck or axilla or groin. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy presents with cough and chest discomfort and uncommonly even with shortness of breath; wherever possible, a pathological and microbiological diagnosis must be attempted by fine-needle aspiration for cytology, histopathology, acid-fast bacilli smear, and molecular tests such as cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test and culture. For deep nodes, ultrasound/computed tomography/endobronchial ultrasound-guided aspiration can be done. LNTB is primarily requires medical management, and adjunct surgical excision is generally associated with worse outcomes. Six-month antitubercular therapy standard first-line regimen is recommended for peripheral LNTB and can be provided at the nearest local directly observed treatment short-course chemotherapy center in India.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131226619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D levels in children with allergic rhinitis and asthma in South India: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Jesin Chakkamadathil, S. Nair, R. Chetambath","doi":"10.4103/jalh.jalh_16_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_16_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been declared a public health problem for both adults and children worldwide. Asthma and related allergic disorders are leading causes of morbidity in children. The objective of this study was to estimate Vitamin D levels in children suffering from asthma and allergic rhinitis in North Kerala. Objectives: (1) To evaluate Vitamin D levels among children between the age group 5 and 18 years suffering from asthma and/or allergic rhinitis. (2) To study the factors associated with low levels of Vitamin D and (3) to study the correlation between Vitamin D levels, immunoglobulin E (IgE), and absolute eosinophil count (AEC). Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of hospital data in which data of children between the age group 5 and 18 years attending the pulmonology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in North Kerala are captured. The study period was 6 months from March 01, 2021, to August 31, 2021. Detailed clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations including complete blood cell count, IgE, and 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Vitamin D) level were done. Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and asthma is made on the clinical presentation by an experienced pulmonologist. Family history of asthma or allergic rhinitis was also recorded. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel, and analysis was done using Epi Info 7. Means and standard deviation were calculated, and correlation was assessed between Vitamin D levels, IgE, AEC, and age of the children. Results: Thirty percent of children in the study group had Vitamin D deficiency, 56% had insufficient values, and 14% had normal values. Most of the children with low Vitamin D levels had raised values for IgE and AEC, but the association was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Most of the children in this part of the state presenting with respiratory allergy have low or insufficient levels of Vitamin D. This may be one of the reasons for poor control of symptoms and such children may require Vitamin D supplementation along with optimal treatment of respiratory allergy.","PeriodicalId":402083,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Lung Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123945025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}