Pharmacology & Therapeutics最新文献

Current drug treatment methods and potential significance of glucocorticoid for inoperable advanced thymoma. 不能手术的晚期胸腺瘤的药物治疗方法及糖皮质激素的潜在意义。

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.109039

Xin-Tao Yu, Jian Cui, Xiang Gao, Xing-Guo Yang, Sheng-Dian Wang, Lei Yu

{"title":"Current drug treatment methods and potential significance of glucocorticoid for inoperable advanced thymoma.","authors":"Xin-Tao Yu, Jian Cui, Xiang Gao, Xing-Guo Yang, Sheng-Dian Wang, Lei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.109039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.109039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thymoma represents the predominant malignant tumor arising from the anterior mediastinal region, constituting roughly 30% of primary tumors in this anatomical area with an estimated annual occurrence of 1.2-2.6 cases per million population. Research consistently highlights the prognostic significance of achieving complete surgical removal (R0 resection) for optimizing survival outcomes in affected individuals. Current clinical practice prioritizes surgical intervention as the frontline therapeutic approach for most thymoma cases. Notably, approximately one-third of patients present with advanced-stage disease (stage III/IV) at diagnosis due to its insidious progression, with the majority of these cases being deemed unresectable during initial evaluation. This clinical reality underscores the critical importance of implementing neoadjuvant therapeutic strategies to facilitate subsequent complete tumor excision and improve long-term prognosis. The current analysis comprehensively examines contemporary management approaches for advanced-stage thymoma cases where primary surgical resection is not feasible, encompassing chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and systemic glucocorticoids. This study focuses on clarifying the beneficial effects of glucocorticoids in thymoma treatment while examining the underlying mechanisms and identifying potential challenges for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"109039"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147809532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacological activation of cGAS-STING pathway to reverse cancer drug resistance cGAS-STING通路的药理激活逆转癌症耐药

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108991

Yumin Wang , Yan Wang , Qingzhu Gao , Yonglin Zhu , Yulin Li , Zhe-Sheng Chen , Junjing Zhang , Geng Zhang , Hongquan Wang

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic potential of targeting novel signaling pathways in regulating chronic inflammation in obstructive lung disorders 靶向调节阻塞性肺疾病慢性炎症的新信号通路的治疗潜力

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108983

Dan Li , Ana L. Manzano-Covarrubias , Kelly B.I. Douglas , Karim Rafie , Martina Schmidt

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of targeting novel signaling pathways in regulating chronic inflammation in obstructive lung disorders","authors":"Dan Li , Ana L. Manzano-Covarrubias , Kelly B.I. Douglas , Karim Rafie , Martina Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are two major obstructive lung disorders characterized by persistent airway inflammation that leads to progressive lung function decline. Although both chronic in nature, the inflammatory profiles that characterize these diseases differ significantly: COPD is predominantly driven by neutrophilic inflammation, whereas allergic asthma, a major subtype of asthma disease, is traditionally associated with eosinophilic and T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated responses. This review explores first the mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation in COPD and asthma, emphasizing thereafter the impact of bacterial and viral infections in exacerbating inflammatory responses and accelerating lung damage. Current therapeutic approaches, including the use of corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and biologics, are evaluated, highlighting their mechanisms of actions and limitations. Finally, the review focuses on novel therapeutic targets that have emerged from recent advances in (airway) inflammation research. The roles of key signaling pathways such as those involving Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), toll-like receptors (TLRs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, P2X purinoceptor 4 (P2X4 receptor), and the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in sustaining chronic inflammation are discussed. Understanding these pathways offers insights into the potential for development of more targeted and effective treatments. By offering a comprehensive overview of both established and (potential) novel approaches, this review aims to promote the identification and development of therapeutic strategies that could revolutionize the options for effective treatment of chronic inflammation in obstructive lung disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 108983"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SGLT2 inhibitors: Do they have antiarrhythmic properties? SGLT2抑制剂：它们有抗心律失常的特性吗？

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108973

Ricardo Caballero, Juan Tamargo, Eva Delpón

{"title":"SGLT2 inhibitors: Do they have antiarrhythmic properties?","authors":"Ricardo Caballero, Juan Tamargo, Eva Delpón","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) represent the cornerstone of therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), heart failure (HF), or chronic kidney disease (CKD). These patients present a high risk of cardiac arrhythmias, particularly when these comorbidities coexist. In experimental models, SGLT2i exert antiarrhythmic effects and clinical studies and meta-analyses strongly suggest that they reduce new-onset and recurrences of atrial fibrillation in patients with HF or CKD irrespective of the diabetic status. Although some trials and meta-analyses suggest that SGLT2i could decrease the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest, the evidence is weak, and their potential remains to be confirmed. Thus, clinical evidence so far should be considered as hypothesis-generating. Although the exact mechanism underlying their antiarrhythmic effects remains uncertain and much research is needed, multiple direct cardiac and extracardiac effects may be involved. They improve cardiac electrical (via changes in ion channels and transporters; maintenance of Na<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis), structural (reduce hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, and epicardial fat; improve mitochondrial function and energetic metabolism), and autonomic (reduce sympathetic hyperactivity) remodelling. Indirect extracardiac effects related to an improvement in cardiovascular risk factors and haemodynamics, together with their protective renal and vascular effects, may also play a role. This narrative review summarises the experimental and clinical evidence of their antiarrhythmic effects, potential underlying mechanisms, limitations of present evidence, and gaps of knowledge that should be filled before SGLT2i can be recommended for the prevention and treatment of arrhythmias in patients for whom these drugs are indicated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 108973"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dive into the untapped potential of marine compounds in counteracting neurodegeneration 深入研究海洋化合物在对抗神经变性方面尚未开发的潜力

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108982

Inês Costa , Daniel José Barbosa , Fernando Remião , Maria Emília Sousa , Renata Silva

{"title":"A dive into the untapped potential of marine compounds in counteracting neurodegeneration","authors":"Inês Costa , Daniel José Barbosa , Fernando Remião , Maria Emília Sousa , Renata Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.108982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, are characterized by the progressive breakdown and eventual loss of synapses and neurons, primarily driven by the accumulation of pathologically altered proteins within the brain and spinal cord. These diseases have complex and multifactorial etiologies, involving a broad spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms, many of which remain incompletely understood. Nonetheless, several key pathways are consistently implicated across these conditions, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis. Given their rising prevalence and the persistent lack of effective disease-modifying therapies, the development of novel therapeutic strategies capable of targeting multiple pathophysiological processes is of critical importance for delaying or halting disease progression. In this context, marine natural compounds have emerged as promising candidates for counteracting neurodegeneration, owing to their ability to modulate key pathophysiological hallmarks of distinct neurodegenerative diseases. Derived from a wide range of marine organisms – including algae, sponges, fungi, and cyanobacteria - these bioactive molecules possess unique chemical structures and exhibit a broad spectrum of neuroprotective effects. Many have demonstrated potent antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and mitochondrial-stabilizing activities in preclinical models. This review highlights recent advances in the discovery and characterization of marine-derived compounds with therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases, contextualizing their pathologic mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 108982"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation: a potential clinical therapeutic target in cardiocerebrovascular diseases n6 -甲基腺苷（m6A） RNA甲基化：心脑血管疾病的潜在临床治疗靶点

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108972

Hao Zhang , Yilin Wu , Rui Zhao , Xuhan Hu , Xiaoou Sun

{"title":"N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation: a potential clinical therapeutic target in cardiocerebrovascular diseases","authors":"Hao Zhang , Yilin Wu , Rui Zhao , Xuhan Hu , Xiaoou Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiocerebrovascular disease (CCD) is a condition related to the heart and blood vessels affecting the cardiovascular system. The disease is caused by various pathogenic factors that damage the heart and brain tissues. CCD significantly threatens human health due to the increased incidence, disability, and mortality, but effective treatment options remain lacking. As precision medicine has taken center stage in recent years, the relationship between epigenetics and CCD has been increasingly studied. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) represents a dynamic and reversible methylation occurring on the sixth nitrogen atom of RNA adenine. This modification is essential in epigenetic regulation, involving the coordinated methyltransferase action, methylated reading proteins, and demethylases. Being a prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), m6A is indispensable in numerous bioprocesses. m6A modification has been found to govern gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. This alteration can affect tumor development, regulate spermatogenesis and hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, thereby serving as a biomarker for CCD diagnosis and prognosis. Accordingly, we reviewed the function, mechanism, and value of m6A modification in CCD to present a fresh perspective for early diagnosis and clinical treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 108972"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxidative stress and antioxidant therapeutic mechanisms 氧化应激和抗氧化治疗机制

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108962

Hengrui Liu , Yaqi Jiao , Peng-Chao Wang , Yingjie Chen , Maokai Xu , Xiaojuan Zhang , Xiaochun Zheng , Zhenshan Yang

{"title":"Oxidative stress and antioxidant therapeutic mechanisms","authors":"Hengrui Liu , Yaqi Jiao , Peng-Chao Wang , Yingjie Chen , Maokai Xu , Xiaojuan Zhang , Xiaochun Zheng , Zhenshan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidative stress is now understood as a disturbance in the cellular redox balance, involving the accumulation of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and other reactive species beyond the capacity of antioxidant defenses, with effects that range from essential redox signaling to harmful oxidative damage. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are generated from both endogenous metabolic processes and exogenous environmental factors. While controlled levels of oxidative stress contribute to cellular signaling and homeostasis, excessive oxidative damage can lead to pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory conditions, and cancer. To counteract oxidative damage, the body employs a complex antioxidant defense system, comprising endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms, as well as exogenous dietary antioxidants. Therefore, understanding the regulatory pathways and mechanisms of antioxidants is essential for exploring their role in disease prevention, aging, and immune function. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of oxidative stress, its impact on cellular function, and its involvement in disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, it discusses current therapeutic intervention mechanisms, including dietary strategies, pharmacological antioxidants, and clinical trials evaluating antioxidant efficacy. Finally, emerging research directions, such as novel antioxidant compounds, gene therapy, and personalized antioxidant treatments, are highlighted as potential avenues for future exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 108962"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: Unraveling molecular mechanisms, emerging therapeutics, and translational frontiers 败血症相关脑病：揭示分子机制、新兴疗法和翻译前沿

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108971

Xinlong Zhang , Kaizong Huang , Zixin Wu , Rui Ding , Junming Han , Yuan Zhang , Yaping Lu , Yingmei Lu , Yanna Si

{"title":"Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: Unraveling molecular mechanisms, emerging therapeutics, and translational frontiers","authors":"Xinlong Zhang , Kaizong Huang , Zixin Wu , Rui Ding , Junming Han , Yuan Zhang , Yaping Lu , Yingmei Lu , Yanna Si","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a debilitating complication of systemic infection, marked by acute cognitive impairment and long-term neurological deficits in the absence of direct central nervous system (CNS) infection. Its pathogenesis involves a multifactorial interplay of neuroinflammation (e.g., cytokine storms), immune dysregulation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, metabolic derangements, and impaired neuronal repair. These mechanisms synergistically contribute to neuronal injury and persistent cognitive dysfunction. Emerging therapeutic strategies-such as targeted immunomodulators, BBB-stabilizing agents, and novel CNS-targeted drug delivery-aim to interrupt this cascade and improve outcomes. Concurrently, precision medicine approaches leverage molecular profiling to tailor interventions. However, current clinical management remains supportive, hindered by incomplete mechanistic understanding and a paucity of disease-modifying therapies. This review synthesizes recent advances in the pathophysiology of sepsis-associated encephalopathy, critically evaluates these mechanism-based therapeutic approaches, and highlights translational roadblocks in biomarker development and preclinical-to-clinical bridging. We also propose future directions to accelerate the development of targeted pharmacotherapies and personalized treatment paradigms for sepsis-associated encephalopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 108971"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RNA-based drugs: current, imminent and possible therapeutic applications 基于rna的药物：当前、即将和可能的治疗应用

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108958

Sebastiano A. Torrisi , Federica Geraci , Lidia Diolosà , Angelina De Luca , Luca Falzone , Filippo Drago , Massimo Libra , Gian Marco Leggio

{"title":"RNA-based drugs: current, imminent and possible therapeutic applications","authors":"Sebastiano A. Torrisi , Federica Geraci , Lidia Diolosà , Angelina De Luca , Luca Falzone , Filippo Drago , Massimo Libra , Gian Marco Leggio","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a relatively brief period, the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have saved millions of lives and have considerably contributed to return to normality after the pandemic. More broadly, the development of RNA-based drugs represents a real paradigm shift with promising therapeutic applications. Besides their safety and efficacy, RNA-based drugs are essentially easy to design and manufactured and may therefore be cost effective. At the pharmacological level, the development of RNA-based drugs marks a breakthrough because these drugs can reach previously “undruggable” pharmacological targets. This clearly represents a step toward the possible establishment of personalized treatments for several difficult-to-treat diseases. This review provides an updated, critical, and comprehensive pharmacological analysis of the current RNA therapeutics landscape, including both approved RNA-based drugs and key investigational candidates. We summarize the state of clinical progress, highlighting pharmacological mechanisms, challenges in drug delivery, tolerability, and clinical outcomes. Our comprehensive overview emphasizes the versatility of RNA-based drugs, illustrating their therapeutic application across various diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, rare genetic, and infectious diseases. Also, we uniquely explore the concept of RNA-based drugs repurposing, which may leverage shared pathophysiological mechanisms across diseases to accelerate clinical impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 108958"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannabidiol and Parkinson's disease: Investigating receptor interactions and their therapeutic implications 大麻二酚和帕金森病：研究受体相互作用及其治疗意义

IF 12.5 1区医学

Pharmacology & Therapeutics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108943

Eric A. Okrah , Claire Allan , Monika S. Doblin , Sarah J. Annesley

{"title":"Cannabidiol and Parkinson's disease: Investigating receptor interactions and their therapeutic implications","authors":"Eric A. Okrah , Claire Allan , Monika S. Doblin , Sarah J. Annesley","doi":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the major active constituents among the several hundreds of compounds found in the cannabis plant. It is a non-psychoactive compound known for its anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. In preclinical studies it has shown to be effective, safe, and well-tolerated in mitigating the symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanism of action is not fully characterised. CBD is postulated to exert its therapeutic effects through its interaction with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), and via interaction with a large array of non-cannabinoid receptors, neurotransmitters, and enzymes. These interactions are complex and are influenced by cell type, concentration and exposure time. The lack of specificity for a single receptor system makes CBD an intriguing therapeutic compound and enables it to influence multiple pathways. This broad interaction goes beyond its beneficial therapeutic effects and could lead to potential adverse effects. Detailed understanding of the versatility and complexity of how CBD exerts its effect is required so that the true potential as a therapeutic option can be realised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":402,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Therapeutics","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 108943"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145382728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0