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Dealing with the Aftermath of the Serbo-Turkish Wars of 1876 and 1877–1878. The Costs of the Border Politics of the Principality of Serbia 处理1876年和1877-1878年塞尔维亚-土耳其战争的后果。塞尔维亚公国边境政治的代价

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.10.1.0023

Mirosław Dymarski

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Lukas G. Grzybowski. The Christianization of Scandinavia in the Viking Era. Religious Change in Adam of Bremen’s Historical Work 卢卡斯·g·格兹博斯基。维京时代斯堪的纳维亚半岛的基督教化。不莱梅亚当历史著作中的宗教变迁

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.10.1.0102

C. Katona

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Alberto Basciani and Egidio Ivetic. Italia e Balcani. Storia di una prossimità Alberto Basciani和Egidio Ivetic。意大利和巴尔干半岛。亲密关系的故事

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0281

Sorin Paliga

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Warfare, Fortifications, and their Garrisons in Late Medieval Epirus (Fourteenth through Fifteenth Centuries): An Outline Based on the Evidence of the Castle of Riniasa 战争，防御工事，和他们的驻军在中世纪晚期伊庇鲁斯(14至15世纪):一个大纲基于里尼亚萨城堡的证据

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0183

Efstratia Sygkellou, Antonios Athanasopoulos, C. Tsatsoulis

{"title":"Warfare, Fortifications, and their Garrisons in Late Medieval Epirus (Fourteenth through Fifteenth Centuries): An Outline Based on the Evidence of the Castle of Riniasa","authors":"Efstratia Sygkellou, Antonios Athanasopoulos, C. Tsatsoulis","doi":"10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0183","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the late Byzantine period, the region of Epirus was beset by successive military conflicts as Byzantines, Italians, Albanians, Serbs, and Ottomans claimed their own share of its territory. Minor lordships became the dominant type of political entity from the fourteenth century onward and were heavily dependent on a “sophisticated” system of fortifications, consisting of larger and smaller fortresses, castles, forts, and towers. These fortifications were of vital significance for the control of strategic points of interest. But the lack of manpower remained a significant problem; this meant that during serious conflicts, the standing forces were bolstered by civilians or mercenaries.\u0000 This article describes the conduct of warfare in relation to the fortifications and the defensive structure of Epirus in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Moreover, it examines available information on manpower (captains, crossbowmen, archers, soldiers, etc.) drawn from the sources, which are scarce, fragmentary, and incomplete. Thus, this piece of information allows us to shed light only on the castle of Riniasa on the northwestern coast of Epirus. Its study may offer a clearer image of other similar castles in the region and their role in medieval warfare.","PeriodicalId":40175,"journal":{"name":"Hiperboreea","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83186769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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On the Early History of the Firms in the Ottoman Balkans: A Coasean Approach 奥斯曼巴尔干地区公司的早期历史:一个科斯的方法

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0203

Ivan Roussev, Pencho D. Penchev

{"title":"On the Early History of the Firms in the Ottoman Balkans: A Coasean Approach","authors":"Ivan Roussev, Pencho D. Penchev","doi":"10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0203","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article puts the well-known Coasean concept of the firm into the concrete historical environment of the nineteenth-century Ottoman Balkans. The goal is to test whether it can explain the establishment of the first modern firms in conditions predominated by a self-sufficient semimarket economy. On the basis of Bulgarian-owned firms, the authors find that the Coasean concept is useful in explaining the establishment of and the benefits from the firms during the proto-industrial period. The authors contribute to the available literature by adding some clarifications to the main question of Coase concerning the existence of the firms. The firm provides the necessary financial and human capital in sectors such as silk, wool, and textile production and leather goods, where the proto-industrial organization of production is first and foremost applied. The organization of the Bulgarian firms clearly shows the success formula for the presence of a company with small (sometimes even decreasing) capital not only on the relatively huge Ottoman market but even outside it (Wallachia, Georgia) for a long period of time—from approximately the 1820s to the third quarter of the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":40175,"journal":{"name":"Hiperboreea","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87442097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Márta Font. Jason Vincz (trans). The Kings of the House of Árpád and the Rurikid Princes: Cooperation and Conflict in Medieval Hungary and Kievan Rus’ 玛尔塔字体。Jason Vincz(翻译)。Árpád家族的国王和鲁里基德王子:中世纪匈牙利和基辅罗斯的合作与冲突

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0266

Martin Homza

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Paolo Odorico, ed. Études byzantines et post-byzantines, Nouvelle série, Tome II (IX), La culture écrite des périphéries byzantines du Moyen-Âge à l’époque moderne 拜占庭和后拜占庭研究，新系列，第二卷(九)，中世纪到现代拜占庭外围的书面文化

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Hiperboreea Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.5325/hiperboreea.9.2.0269

Simona Drăgan

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Constantinople/Istanbul and its Yugoslav Visitors and Residents during the Interwar Period (1918–1939) 君士坦丁堡/伊斯坦布尔及其南斯拉夫游客和居民在两次世界大战期间(1918-1939)