Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Hip Mobility and Strength on Gait Parameters among Young Females—A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Nityal Kumar Alagingi, Deekshitha Salin","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1775716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1775716","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The hip's primary function is to dynamically support the weight of the trunk while allowing the force and load transmission axial skeleton to the lower extremity and henceforth allowing mobility. The function of the hip is not only to take the load of the trunk to the lower extremity but also to perform daily activities which include walking, running, jumping, sitting, etc. Hip muscle strength is required to stabilize the pelvic and trunk during squatting and walking (single stance) and to perform other daily living activities. The prevalence rate reports that males are more physically active than females. The number of physical activities has shown to be decreased in teens and young adults between the ages of 14 and 22 years due to transitions in their lifestyle. These changes can be behavioral and due to body composition. The objectives of the study are to determine the influence of hip mobility and strength on the spatial and temporal parameters of gait. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study involving a total of 50 young female populations that have been selected based on the inclusion criteria. Hip range of motion using a universal goniometer was measured in three trials with 30 seconds of rest between each measurement. The hip muscle strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer with 5 seconds hold and three trials taking 30 seconds of rest between each measurement. Spatial parameters of gait were measured by using Kinovea software V.0.8.15, and temporal parameters of gait were measured by asking the subject to walk comfortably in their own speed for 1 minute and the video was taken and measured. Result The hip internal rotation and external rotation has shown to have a statistical significance with spatial and temporal parameters of gait. The hip abductors, adductors, internal rotators, and external rotator muscle strength have shown to have statistical significance with spatial and temporal parameters of gait. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic characteristics, and Pearson's correlation coefficient is used for determining association between outcome variables. Conclusion The hip abductors, adductors, internal rotators, and external rotators have shown to have influence on gait parameters specially with walking speed. The hip internal and external rotation has shown to have influence on gait parameters.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Research Areas in Clinical Microbiology","authors":"Volker Gurtler","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772845","url":null,"abstract":"I would like to outline a few areas in Clinical Microbiology that have become major research disciplines over the last 10 years that may now impact Health and Allied Sciences. They encompass (1) COVID-19, (2) biofilms, (3) microbiomes, (4) nanotechnology, and (5) probiotics. As well as being direct research areas, they overlap with each other, and they are beginning to overlap in important ways with Health and Allied Sciences—hence the importance of contributing papers on these subjects to the Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU (JHAS-NU).","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136015052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Dental Students about Erythroplakia as an Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder","authors":"Kelvin Alfan Nola Anggarista, Meysinta A. Datau, F. Mahdani, D. Radithia, D. Ernawati, M. Surboyo","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1774299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1774299","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Erythroplakia is a rare oral potentially malignant disease (OPMD) lesion with prevalence ranging from 0.02 to 0.83%, but it has a higher possibility of malignant transformation, ranging from 14 to 50%. Early detection is crucial for better patient prognosis, but it is challenging for preclinical and clinical dental students to recognize erythroplakia. Objective  The aim of this study was to identify the level of knowledge of dental students about erythroplakia as an OPMD lesion based on their academic level. Methods  This analytical cross-sectional study used a simple randomized sampling design. Data were cross-tabulated to describe the knowledge of erythroplakia. Results  In total, 167 respondents completed the questionnaire, with the majority of 130 (77.84%) being females and 65 (38.92%) were older than 21 years. The majority of respondents, 122 (73.05%), had moderate knowledge, while 31 (18.57%) had poor knowledge and 14 (8.38%) had good knowledge of erythroplakia in terms of etiology, predisposition factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Conclusion  Most of the dental students included in the study had intermediate level of knowledge of erythroplakia as an OPMD lesion.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41664984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Risk Factors with At-Risk Cases of Autism","authors":"Reena Ravi, T. Mendonca","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1774287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1774287","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A neurological condition known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) first manifests before the age of 3. Numerous factors may have an impact on the development of autism; however, its precise causes are yet unknown. The research aims to identify certain risk factors that associate with children at a higher risk of developing autism. This study is a descriptive analysis of 80 children who were identified as being at risk for autism and meeting the requirements of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers at the community health center. A semistructured proforma was used to collect the baseline data from the mother and the child. Through the use of a thoughtfully created checklist, each child enrolled in the study had a thorough history completed, including the suspected prenatal, intranatal, neonatal, and infant risk factors with the help of their mothers. Descriptive statistics with frequency percentages were adopted for the demographic data of the participants. To find the association between possible risk factors and at-risk cases of ASD, an independent t -test was used. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-squared test ( p  = 0.05, confidence interval = 95%) were used to find how the risks (odds ratios) of the factors studied affect the incidence of ASD. It was discovered that prenatal risk factors, such as pregnancy-related infections and medication use, were statistically significantly linked to an increased risk for autism. Significant intranatal risk factors for autism risk included a breech presentation, cesarean section, forced labor, and resuscitation at birth. Similar to this, the neonatal risk factors included maternal hemorrhage, Rh or ABO incompatibility, birth injuries, and feeding problems. Poor socioeconomic status and seizures were the baby risk variables, both of which were statistically significant and linked to an increased chance of autism. The results of the study support an array of perinatal, intranatal, neonatal, and infant risk factors linked to the likelihood of developing autism.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49222408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of Small-Intestine Morphology in Mice by a Novel Supplement Containing Silybum marianum, Yeast β-Glucan, Prebiotics, and Minerals","authors":"R. Nucci, Victor Nehmi-Filho, M. Bastos, J. A. de Freitas, J. Otoch, A. Pessoa, W. Jacob-Filho","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1773807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1773807","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Silymarin, derived from Silybum marianum , has recently demonstrated its potential to improve health in conditions such as obesity and metabolic disturbances. Understanding the impact of nutraceuticals on intestinal morphology is crucial for developing supplements that promote a higher quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of nutraceutical supplementation with silymarin on the morphology of the small intestine. Sixty-day-old adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: one receiving a standard chow (control) and the other receiving a novel silymarin supplement (experimental). Following the experimental period, the animals were euthanized, and fragments of the small intestine were collected for histochemical analysis using Masson's trichrome and periodic acid-Schiff with Alcian blue staining techniques. Our results revealed an increase in the number of villi per analyzed field in the experimental group, accompanied by a decrease in basic mucin, crypt depth, mucosal thickness, and villus spacing. In conclusion, this novel nutraceutical supplementation may play a crucial role in modulating small intestine morphology and enhancing absorption capacity.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48967256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADC Mapping and T2 Mapping of the Lumbar Spine to Assess Disc Degeneration: A Review","authors":"S. Abhijith, Kayalvizhi Ravichandran","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772823","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Early detection of disc degeneration and categorizing them is very important for the treatment plan and better prognosis. We aimed to assess the efficacy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping and T2 mapping in the early detection and grading of the severity of degenerative disc disease. In this review, the articles published until July 2022, from the PubMed database were used. All articles contained information about the application of ADC and T2 mapping in the detection of disc degeneration. A total of 40 articles were included in this review. We assessed each article for the feasibility of both techniques to categorize the degeneration. ADC values of nucleus pulposus (NP) showed a negative correlation with Pfirrmann grades and age. T2 values of NP and annulus fibrosus (AF) are significantly decreased with an increase in Pfirrmann grades. And also, as age increases, T2 values of NP and posterior AF decreased significantly. ADC and T2 mapping techniques are sensitive in the detection and categorization of disc degeneration. It is highly recommended to include quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques in routine spine imaging protocol in a patient with complaints of back pain.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47336587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Account of a Giant Adolescent Vulvar Lipoma","authors":"Garima Vats, A. DCunha, Sandeep B. Rai, U. Raghuraj","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772822","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Though they are commonly known as “universal tumors,” lipomas are rarely found in the vulva. In this report, we discuss the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented with an enormous (26.5 × 21.5 × 6.5 cm) left labial swelling that had been progressively enlarging for a year and had led to extensive distortion of the vulvar anatomy. Following imaging, surgical excision with vulvar reconstruction was performed focusing on esthesis and function. Pathological examination confirmed the clinical and radiological diagnosis of a lipoma. The patient is doing clinically well at 1 year of follow-up with significant improvement in her academic performance and self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42160149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophage and Plasmid-Mediated Beta-Lactamases in Multidrug-Resistant Extraintestinal Escherichia coli","authors":"J. Raj, Akshatha Dinesh, R. Vittal, A. Rohit","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772707","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives  Antibiotic resistance can arise as a mutation to adapt to stress or be mediated by horizontal gene transfer. This study aimed at identifying the resistance determinants present in the mobile genetic elements of prophages and plasmids within multidrug-resistant (MDR) extraintestinal Escherichia coli . Materials and Methods  Thirty-five anonymized MDR E. coli isolates of nonintestinal infections were confirmed for their antimicrobial resistance to six categories of antimicrobials by the disk diffusion test. Genes coding for beta-lactamases and carbapenemases in bacterial genome, plasmid, and prophage fractions were separately determined by polymerase chain reaction. Transducing ability of prophages carrying resistance genes was determined. Results  Twenty-six isolates were positive for the gene bla CTX-M , nine for bla TEM , one each for bla KPC and bla VIM , thirteen for bla NDM, and seven for bla OXA . A majority of these isolates carried these determinants in plasmids and prophage fractions. Twenty-one percent of the prophage fractions (4 of 19) were able to successfully transfer resistance to sensitive isolates. Conclusions  This study indicates bla CTX-M , bla TEM, and bla NDM genes that are reported most frequently in MDR isolates are more frequent in the plasmid and prophage fractions thus supporting for increased mobility.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypereosinophilia Syndrome: Myriad Presentation—A Case Report","authors":"Mansi Patel, Divit Shah, Sujal G Patel, S. Acharya, S. Sushanth Kumar, S. Shukla","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772743","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a myeloproliferative disorder that is distinguished with the presence of eosinophilia, which is an absolute eosinophil level of more than 1500/µL for no less than 6 months, no recognized cause for eosinophilia, and clear organ involvement characteristics. But, in some cases where patients require therapy to decrease eosinophil counts due to severe symptoms, a lower time period of hypereosinophilic is also admissible. In this case series, we have included three cases in which first case presented with the features of diarrhea, nausea, and decreased appetite who underwent colonoscopy and was diagnosed as a case of eosinophilic colitis. The second patient was a female came with abdominal pain and burning micturition, who was having eosinophilia on blood count examination and was diagnosed as a case of eosinophilic cystitis. Third case was young female who was diagnosed as eosinophilic endocarditis on two-dimensional echocardiography having dyspnea and rash and high eosinophil count on blood smear. All the three patients were started on steroids, who recovered well with medication and were discharged for follow-up after 7 days with complete blood count.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49617978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on the Knowledge about Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders of a Male Motorcycle Community in Indonesia","authors":"Rafdan Affan Ahmada, Deananda Setio Ramadhanti, M. Surboyo, A. Parmadiati, D. Ernawati, F. Mahdani, N. Ayuningtyas","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772681","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background  Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of oral lesions or conditions with a higher risk of malignant transformation. OPMD affects 4.47% of people worldwide, with predilection in males. The high tendency of frequent tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption may lead the male motorcycle community to have a higher risk for developing OPMD and malignant transformation. Objectives  This article determines the level of knowledge about OPMD within a male motorcycle community. Methods  This study uses a survey research design that is a questionnaire-based and descriptive study. Data were obtained using a Google Form, and IBM SPSS was used for analysis. Simple random sampling is the sampling method applied. The total knowledge score is divided into three levels, low (0–4), moderate (5–9), and high (10–15). Results  The questionnaire was finished by 60 people entirely. All respondents (100%) were men, and the majority (83.00%) was aged between 20 and 21. A total of 26 respondents (43.30%) had moderate knowledge levels, followed by 21 with high knowledge levels (35.0%), and 13 with low knowledge levels (21.70%). Conclusion  The majority of the male motorcycle community (43.30%) has a moderate knowledge level regarding OPMD. This study indicates the need for educational measures to improve awareness regarding OPMD in a high-risk community.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44258768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}