Current Protocols in Neuroscience最新文献_第4页

Overview of Transgenic Mouse Models for Alzheimer's Disease 阿尔茨海默病转基因小鼠模型综述

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.81

Ariana Myers, Paul McGonigle

{"title":"Overview of Transgenic Mouse Models for Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Ariana Myers, Paul McGonigle","doi":"10.1002/cpns.81","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpns.81","url":null,"abstract":"This review describes several transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive cognitive decline and is diagnosed postmortem by the presence of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intraneuronal tau neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex. Currently there is no intervention that cures, prevents, or even slows disease progression. Its complex etiology and pathology pose significant challenges for animal model development, and there is no single model that faithfully recapitulates both the pathological aspects and behavioral phenotypes of AD. Nearly 200 transgenic rodent models of AD have been generated primarily based on mutations linked to Aβ protein misprocessing in the familial form of the disease. More recent models incorporate mutations in tau protein, as well as mutations associated with the sporadic form of the disease. The salient features, strengths, limitations, and key differentiators for the most commonly used and best characterized of these models are considered here. While the translational utility of many of these models to assess the potential of novel therapeutics is in dispute, knowledge of the different models available and a detailed understanding of their features can aid in the selection of the optimal model to explore disease mechanisms or evaluate candidate medications. We comment on the predictive utility of these models considering recent clinical trial failures and discuss trends and future directions in the development of models for AD based on the plethora of clinical data that have been generated over the last decade. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","PeriodicalId":40016,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cpns.81","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80143264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

A Rapid Neurological Assessment Protocol for Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Awake Rats 清醒大鼠反复轻度创伤性脑损伤的快速神经学评估方案

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.80

Brian R. Christie, Juan Trivino-Paredes, Cristina Pinar, Katie J. Neale, Alicia Meconi, Hannah Reid, Craig P. Hutton

{"title":"A Rapid Neurological Assessment Protocol for Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Awake Rats","authors":"Brian R. Christie, Juan Trivino-Paredes, Cristina Pinar, Katie J. Neale, Alicia Meconi, Hannah Reid, Craig P. Hutton","doi":"10.1002/cpns.80","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpns.80","url":null,"abstract":"Preclinical models for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) need to recapitulate several essential clinical features associated with mTBI, including a lack of significant neuropathology and the onset of neurocognitive symptoms normally associated with mTBI. Here we show how to establish a protocol for reliably and repeatedly inducing a mild awake closed head injury (ACHI) in rats, with no mortality or clinical indications of persistent pain. Moreover, we implement a new rapid neurological assessment protocol (NAP) that can be completely conducted within 1 min of each impact. This ACHI model will help to rectify the paucity of data on how repeated mTBI (r‐mTBI) impacts the juvenile brain, an area of significant concern in clinical populations where there is evidence that behavioral sequelae following injury can be more persistent in juveniles. In addition, the ACHI model can help determine if r‐mTBI early in life can predispose the brain to exhibiting greater neuropathology (i.e., chronic traumatic encephalopathy) later in life and can facilitate the identification of critical periods of vulnerability to r‐mTBI across the lifespan. This article describes the protocol for administering an awake closed head mTBI (i.e., ACHI) to rats, as well as how to perform a rapid NAP following each ACHI. Methods for administering the ACHI to individual subjects repeatedly are described, as are the methods and scoring system for the NAP. The goal of this article is to provide a standardized set of procedures allowing the ACHI and NAP protocols to be used reliably by different laboratories. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","PeriodicalId":40016,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cpns.80","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88112469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Fluorescence In Situ Imaging of Dendritic RNAs at Single-Molecule Resolution 单分子分辨率树突状rna的荧光原位成像

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.79

Mona Batish, Sanjay Tyagi

引用次数: 7

Imaging of the Axon Initial Segment 轴突初始段成像

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.78

Jessica Di Re, Cihan Kayasandik, Gonzalo Botello-Lins, Demetrio Labate, Fernanda Laezza

引用次数: 4

Issue Information TOC 发布信息TOC

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.61

引用次数: 0

RiboTag: Ribosomal Tagging Strategy to Analyze Cell-Type-Specific mRNA Expression In Vivo 核糖体标签:分析细胞类型特异性mRNA在体内表达的核糖体标签策略

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.77

Elisenda Sanz, Jonathan C. Bean, Daniel P. Carey, Albert Quintana, G. Stanley McKnight

引用次数: 55

Magnetic Cell Sorting for In Vivo and In Vitro Astrocyte, Neuron, and Microglia Analysis 磁性细胞分选用于体内和体外星形胶质细胞、神经元和小胶质细胞分析

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-06-05 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.71

Leanne M. Holt, S. Tristan Stoyanof, Michelle L. Olsen

引用次数: 44

Ultrastructural Detection of Neuronal Markers, Receptors, and Vesicular Transporters 神经元标记物、受体和囊泡转运体的超微结构检测

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.70

Shiliang Zhang, Marisela Morales

{"title":"Ultrastructural Detection of Neuronal Markers, Receptors, and Vesicular Transporters","authors":"Shiliang Zhang, Marisela Morales","doi":"10.1002/cpns.70","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpns.70","url":null,"abstract":"At the ultrastructural level, axon terminals containing synaptic vesicles are clearly observed. These axon terminals (presynaptic component of a synapse) may be seen establishing contacts (synapses) with cell bodies, axons, or dendrites (postsynaptic component of a synapse). By a combination of ultrastructural analysis and immunodetection of molecules, it is possible to determine the subcellular distribution of specific cellular markers (i.e., enzymes), neurotransmitters (within synaptic vesicles), vesicular transporters (in association with vesicles), and receptors (within the presynaptic or postsynaptic component of a synapse). Here we will provide detailed protocols that facilitate the ultrastructural detection of cellular markers, receptors, and vesicular transporters. These protocols include brain ultrastructural immunodetection of one, two, or three different types of molecules prior to brain tissue processing for ultrastructural analysis (pre-embedding immunolabeling), brain molecular immunodetection after tissue processing for ultrastructural analysis (post-embedding immunolabeling), or molecular immunodetection in purified synaptic vesicles. Published 2019. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","PeriodicalId":40016,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cpns.70","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37343187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Haloperidol-Induced Preclinical Tardive Dyskinesia Model in Rats 氟哌啶醇致大鼠临床前迟发性运动障碍模型

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.68

Fausto Pierdoná Guzen, José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, Diogo Manuel Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, Luma Gabrielle Praxedes de Sales, Monalisa Stefany Martins da Silva, Aline Naiara Azevedo da Silva, Francisco Irochima Pinheiro, Dayane Pessoa de Araújo

{"title":"Haloperidol-Induced Preclinical Tardive Dyskinesia Model in Rats","authors":"Fausto Pierdoná Guzen, José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, Diogo Manuel Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, Luma Gabrielle Praxedes de Sales, Monalisa Stefany Martins da Silva, Aline Naiara Azevedo da Silva, Francisco Irochima Pinheiro, Dayane Pessoa de Araújo","doi":"10.1002/cpns.68","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cpns.68","url":null,"abstract":"Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychoses, especially schizophrenia. This drug acts by blocking dopamine D2 receptors, reducing psychotic symptoms. Notwithstanding its benefits, haloperidol also produces undesirable impacts, in particular extrapyramidal effects such as tardive dyskinesia (TD), which limit the use of this and related drugs. TD is characterized by repetitive involuntary movements occurring after chronic exposure therapy with haloperidol. Symptoms most commonly manifest in the orofacial area and include involuntary movements, tongue protrusion, pouting lips, chewing in the absence of any object to chew, and facial grimacing. The most serious aspect of TD is that it may persist for months or years after drug withdrawal and is irreversible in some patients. This unit, aimed at facilitating the study of TD, describes methods to induce TD in rats using haloperidol, as well as procedures for evaluating the animals's TD-related symptoms. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","PeriodicalId":40016,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/cpns.68","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37343098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Golgi-Cox Staining of Neuronal Dendrites and Dendritic Spines With FD Rapid GolgiStain™ Kit 使用FD快速GolgiStain™试剂盒对神经元树突和树突棘进行高尔基-考克斯染色

Current Protocols in Neuroscience Pub Date : 2019-04-29 DOI: 10.1002/cpns.69

Fu Du

引用次数: 34