Archivos de Zootecnia最新文献_第7页

Efecto de dos sistemas de alojamiento y del sexo sobre el comportamiento productivo de corderos durante el engorde 两种饲养制度和性别对育肥羔羊生产行为的影响

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5398

G. A. Muñoz-Osorio, A. Aguilar-Caballero, L. Sarmiento-Franco, M. Wurzinger, Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro

{"title":"Efecto de dos sistemas de alojamiento y del sexo sobre el comportamiento productivo de corderos durante el engorde","authors":"G. A. Muñoz-Osorio, A. Aguilar-Caballero, L. Sarmiento-Franco, M. Wurzinger, Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5398","url":null,"abstract":"Raised pens (RP) have been promoted in the tropical regions of Mexico as a housing system to improves the productivity of growing male and female lambs. They showed high acceptance among farmers, however, there is a lack of studies about the RP system and the use of environmental enrichment in the system. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the productive performance of growing lambs (male and female) housed on RP or ground level (GL) using shaving woods as bedding material. Thirty-two lambs (15 males and 17 females) were used, with an average initial live weight and age of 10.54 ± 1.89 kg and 66.54 ± 22.43 days, respectively. Data were analysed by Variance Analysis considering main factors: housing system (RP and GL) and sex (male and female), and dependant variables: daily weight gain (DWG), feed intake (DMI), feed conversion (FC) and final body weight (FBW). The housing system did not affect DWG, DMI, FC and FBW (P > 0.05). Males presented higher values in all productive indicators than females (except FC). Under the conditions of this study, the productive performance of growing lambs housed either RP or GL was similar.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"494-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48571251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caracterización de sistemas de alimentación de ovinos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia 本研究的目的是评估在墨西哥和拉丁美洲不同地区的绵羊饲养系统的特点。

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5391

L. Mestra, M. O. Santana, D. Ríos, L. J. Mejía, C. R. Ortiz, S. E. Paternina

{"title":"Caracterización de sistemas de alimentación de ovinos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia","authors":"L. Mestra, M. O. Santana, D. Ríos, L. J. Mejía, C. R. Ortiz, S. E. Paternina","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5391","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to characterize the sheep feeding systems and food resources in 26 sheep production units (UP) of 13 municipalities of Cordoba, Colombia. The information was collected semi-structured surveys. The questionnaire included these topics: a) Geographical location of the UP, b) Characteristics of infrastructure and animal component, c) Animal management and productive control, d) Nutritional composition of feeds, e) Characterization of the diets used and, f) Feeding management. The indicators were analyzed by descriptive statistics and cluster analysis. Most of the UP were extensive with a predominance of bovine and sheep herds (84.6%), use of various sheep breeds (61.1%), verification of colostrum consumption (88%), use Botrhriocloa pertusa in continuous grazing (69.2%) and supplementation of animals (53.9%). The cluster analysis produced two groups of farms (G1, G2), the G1 with 3 UP and, herds with more than 400 sheep. G2 with 23 UP with less than 100 sheep. In both groups the grazing was predominantly continuous with supplementation, highlighting a good structure of the herds. It is concluded, that in Cordoba, sheep production is based on grazing in transition from a medium to semi-intensive technological level; as Colombian national production, with inadequate food management and opportunities for improvement due to the availability of good quality food resources.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"432-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48752472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Efecto de la alimentación de dos legumbres de grano, guisantes y frijoles faba, en la calidad del huevo y la puesta 研究了两种谷物豆类，豌豆和蚕豆对蛋质量和产蛋量的影响

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5394

A. A. Kaki, T. Deineko, Nassim Moula

{"title":"Efecto de la alimentación de dos legumbres de grano, guisantes y frijoles faba, en la calidad del huevo y la puesta","authors":"A. A. Kaki, T. Deineko, Nassim Moula","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5394","url":null,"abstract":"Soymeal is now the main source of protein laying hens. This raw material is mainly produced abroad which makes Europe highly dependent on imports. A better protein autonomy could limit this economic impact and the environmental issue related to the cultivation of soybean. One of the options regularly studied over the past few decades to increase protein production in Europe is the cultivation of protein crops such as peas, faba beans and lupin. However, some inconvenient can limit their use in animal food as an alternative to soymeal, i.e., lower protein levels; presence of anti-nutritional factors; and non ideal amino acid profile. Therefore. te aim of this work was to assess the impact of using peas and faba beans as an alternative to soybean, on hens laying performances as well as on physical and nutritional eggs quality, including fatty acids profile. Two diets were tested, one containing only 22% of soymeal as proteins source (control group); and the second contains 45% of two leguminous plants (30% of peas and 15% faba beans) supplemented to 6% of soy meal. The egg-laying rate was significantly lower for the experimental group (51.79 vs. 60.63 %, p 0.05) was found concerning physical (egg weight, weight, shell weight and weight, shell thickness and strength), and nutritional parameters (cholesterol and essential fatty acids).","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"462-468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41608430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inclusión de forrajes con distinta relación de fibra soluble e insoluble en la dieta de cerdos 在猪的饮食中加入不同可溶性和不可溶性纤维比例的饲料

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5390

A. González, V. Figueroa, C. Batista, A. Casal, A. Alvarez, A. Saadoun, L. Astigarraga

{"title":"Inclusión de forrajes con distinta relación de fibra soluble e insoluble en la dieta de cerdos","authors":"A. González, V. Figueroa, C. Batista, A. Casal, A. Alvarez, A. Saadoun, L. Astigarraga","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5390","url":null,"abstract":"The progressive inclusion of two forages with different soluble fibre (FS) content, in diets from growing and finishing pig was evaluated. The treatments were: control diet (T0) formulated based on corn and soybean meal; base diet with alfalfa (T1) (Medicago sativa var. Chana) or with chicory (T2) (Cichorium intibus var. Lacerta) for stages (F) of growing I (F1, 40-60 kg of PV), growing II (F2, 60-80 kg of PV) and finishing (F3, 80 to 100 kg of PV). 27 animals with an initial weight of 42 kg (± 2.3) were used in a random plot design in three treatments, with nine repetitions. The final weight and daily gain did not differ among treatments. Dietary Fiber consumption was higher in forage treatments (P<0.05), while FS consumption was higher in the chicory diet than the alfalfa diet (P <0.05). This higher consumption of Dietary Fiber was associated with a higher weight of the components of the pigs’ gastrointestinal tract, particularly the colon in T2 (P<0.05). As a consequence, T2 presented the lowest carcass yield (77.4%, P<0.05), compared to T0 and T1, which were similar to each other (80.0 and 78.9% respectively, P=0.303).The progressive inclusion of forage allowed a physical adaptation of the tract, by increasing the stomach and colon but such adaptation affected the carcass yield.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"424-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41928014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Caracterización genética y fenotípica de una población de cerdo pelón mexicano 墨西哥猪群的遗传和表型特征

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5387

J. M. Ramírez-Reyes, E. García-Robles, A. Medellín-Cazares, W. Osorto-Hernández, J. Domínguez-Viveros

{"title":"Caracterización genética y fenotípica de una población de cerdo pelón mexicano","authors":"J. M. Ramírez-Reyes, E. García-Robles, A. Medellín-Cazares, W. Osorto-Hernández, J. Domínguez-Viveros","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5387","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexican hairless pig analyzed the pedigree (n = 305), 16 morphological variables (VARMOR, n = 201) and 74 genetic markers (SNP, n = 107) for use in paternity tests. Was calculated: founder ancestors; effective size (Ne); inbreeding; generational interval (IG); Wright F statistics (FST, FIS and FIT). The VARMOR were head length, head width, snout length, snout width, ear length, width of ears, distance between orbitals, height at the cross, chest width, chest circumference, neck length, neck width, cane perimeter, body length, pelvic width, abdominal perimeter; analyzed with the mixed model: y = μ + si + gj + β1 + β2 + mad + e; where: y, response variable; μ, mean; si, sex; fj, farm; β1 and β2, linear and quadratic of the covariate age of the animal; mad, random effect of the mother; e, residuals. With the correlation matrix, a principal component analysis was carried out. For the SNPs, the polymorphic information content (PIC) and its components were estimated, as well as the probabilities of non-exclusion combined (PNE). Ne = 92.10; ancestors that explain 50% of the pedigree = 7; percentage of inbreeding animals = 2.3%; average inbreeding = 0.11%; average IG = 1.69 years. FST = 7%; FIS and FIT of -0.083 and -0.006, respectively. Mad explained, on average, 54.3% of the variability. For PIC, the average was 0.266 with values in the interval of 0.018 to 0.375; the PNE were in the interval of 0.007 to 3.1E-22.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"398-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43604385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reciclagem biológica do fósforo a partir do efluente suíno originário da biodigestão anaeróbia: uma revisão 猪厌氧生物消化废水中磷的生物循环利用研究进展

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5397

A. A. Costa, E. Lima, F. Soto

引用次数: 0

Análise de componentes principais de medidas morfométricas de equinos da raça Pônei Brasileiro

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5395

A. B. Junior, Caroline Marçal Gomes David, Miguel Alejandro Silva Rua, A. González, V. Maretto, Luis Fonseca Matos, C. Quirino

{"title":"Análise de componentes principais de medidas morfométricas de equinos da raça Pônei Brasileiro","authors":"A. B. Junior, Caroline Marçal Gomes David, Miguel Alejandro Silva Rua, A. González, V. Maretto, Luis Fonseca Matos, C. Quirino","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5395","url":null,"abstract":"The Brazilian Pony is a recent breed, with registration of animals only starting in 1970, since when it has been continually improved. Body morphometry is important for selective breeding of horses, because it is one of the main elements used to characterize breeds. The objective of this study was to apply principal component analysis (PCA) to the main morphometric measures of Brazilian Pony stallions and mares to identify those that contribute the most to explain the total variance in each sex. Fourteen linear measures were obtained from 281 adult animals and the data were used for to compute descriptive statistics and correlation coefficients as well as for analysis of variance and principal component analysis. The morphometric measures of the animals showed great variation in the two sexes. The correlations between the variables were positive and generally of large magnitude. For the stallions, only two components were necessary to explain at least 80% of the total variance, while for the females, three components were needed. After the methodology for discarding of variables, the variables head width, neck length and chest height were identified as the measures that explain most of variations in Brazilian Pony horses and should be uses for breed selection and control.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"470-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42468629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efeito de um composto de leveduras na incidência de diarreia em bezerras criadas em diferentes sistemas de alojamento 酵母复合物对不同饲养系统中饲养的小牛腹泻发生率的影响

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5396

B. Scherer, C. Pizoni, K. B. Cardoso, A. A. Barbosa, R. Raimondo, S. Ladeira, C. C. Brauner, F. Pino, M. N. Corrêa, V. Rabassa

{"title":"Efeito de um composto de leveduras na incidência de diarreia em bezerras criadas em diferentes sistemas de alojamento","authors":"B. Scherer, C. Pizoni, K. B. Cardoso, A. A. Barbosa, R. Raimondo, S. Ladeira, C. C. Brauner, F. Pino, M. N. Corrêa, V. Rabassa","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5396","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of a product composed of yeast culture and enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast on the incidence of diarrhea and on the body development of dairy calves submitted to different housing systems. One hundred and nineteen calves were used in two housing systems and randomly divided into two groups: yeast group (n = 62, 36 outdoors and 26 in the corral) and control group (n = 57, 30 outdoors and 27 in the corral). The yeast group was treated with 8 ml of yeast / animal culture, which was administered orally once daily for 42 days. The zootechnical measures were analyzed and the incidence of infectious diarrhea was monitored, blood and feces were also collected. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by repeated measures of the SAS Software, Tukey’s HSD and Chi-square test, being considered a statistical difference (p≤0.05). The animals in the control group raised outdoors had a higher incidence of diarrhea (80.00%) when compared to animals in the treatment group (55.55%) (p = 0.03). The period with the highest incidence of diarrhea (96.92%) was in the first 15 days of life (p <0.001). The bacteriological analysis of feces showed that 53.38% had Enterococcus sp. and 46.61% Eschechiria coli. after the diagnosis of diarrhea, both groups (control and yeast) presented leukocytosis. It is concluded that oral yeast supplementation for animals raised in the open was able to reduce the effects of the challenges caused by this system, decreasing the incidence of diarrhea.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"478-485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42045935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medidas morfométricas associadas à predição matemática do peso corporal como ferramenta de manejo em rebanhos de caprinos 与体重数学预测相关的形态测量作为山羊群的管理工具

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5393

E. D. O. Costa, S. A. D. Santos, T. Rodrigo, R. D. C. P. Filho, M. L. S. Tosto, G. Carvalho, L. Mariz, T. C. D. J. Pereira

{"title":"Medidas morfométricas associadas à predição matemática do peso corporal como ferramenta de manejo em rebanhos de caprinos","authors":"E. D. O. Costa, S. A. D. Santos, T. Rodrigo, R. D. C. P. Filho, M. L. S. Tosto, G. Carvalho, L. Mariz, T. C. D. J. Pereira","doi":"10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/AZ.V69I268.5393","url":null,"abstract":"Data control is critical to success the production systems. However, goat farming in semi-arid and tropical regions mostly produce artisanal dairy derivatives or handcraft meat products as sausages and salami. Despite the importance, body weight (BW) is frequently unmeasured by small and medium producers due to lack of weighing scales, pen structures and inadequate rural installations. The main objective of this study was to establish equations to estimate BW in Saanen and Anglo Nubian. Data were collected from 125 animals comprising of 65 goats Saanen and 60 goats Anglo-Nubian of different age groups. Measurements were made for withers height, rump height; body length, chest depth, thoracic girth (TG), rump length, rump width (RW), abdominal circumference and BW. For all relationships evaluated between BW (kg) and morphometric measurements (cm), gender effect was significant (P 0.01). The RW presented the highest correlations (R2 = 0.92) with BW of females, while the measurements of TG presented the highest correlations (R2 = 0.92) with BW of males. The following equations were adjusted: BW females = 0.1188 × RW2 + 0.5732 × RW - 5.5888; and BW males = 0.0127 × TG2 – 0.6611 × TG + 11.261. In addition, to estimate BW considering the age in days (t): BW = 36.5674 × exp (-2.2404 exp (-0.0046t)) for males and BW = 27.2616 × exp (-2.4151 exp (-0.00775t)) for females.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"454-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45150776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Doses subletais de glifosato em combinação com manganês foliar na produção de capim marandu 草甘膦与叶锰在马兰杜草生产中的亚致死剂量

Archivos de Zootecnia Pub Date : 2020-07-15 DOI: 10.21071/az.v69i267.5348

L. D. C. Codognoto, T. T. Conde, G. Faria, Kátia Luciene Maltoni

{"title":"Doses subletais de glifosato em combinação com manganês foliar na produção de capim marandu","authors":"L. D. C. Codognoto, T. T. Conde, G. Faria, Kátia Luciene Maltoni","doi":"10.21071/az.v69i267.5348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21071/az.v69i267.5348","url":null,"abstract":"The drift of the herbicide glyphosate can stimulate growth and/or productive yield in non-target plants, which characterizes a hormonal effect, with a momentary yellowing in new leaves, characteristic of nutritional deficiency. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the hormonal effect of glyphosate application in Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu. The produtive response, aerial (PMS ) and root (MSR), for forage was evaluated by foliar application of seven sublethal doses of equivalent acid (e.a.) to glyphosate (5.40, 10.80, 21.60, 43.20, 64, 80, 86.40 and 108.00 g e.a. ha-1) and control, in the absence and presence of manganese (1000 g ha-1), in the spray solution, in four sequential harvests, featuring a factorial scheme 8 x 2 x 4, with four repetitions. The sublethal doses of glyphosate with the addition of manganese to the spray solution reduced the herbicidal effect, with persistence of PMS during the experimental period (4 cuts). For doses without manganese added to the spray solution, there was a productive failure in the cuts 2, 3 and 4, at doses 86.40 and 108.00 g e.a. ha-1. The presence of manganese in the spray solution ensured a root dry mass superior to those without the addition of manganese, with an effect herbicide in doses equal to and above 43.60 g e.a. ha-1.","PeriodicalId":40003,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de Zootecnia","volume":"69 1","pages":"294-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45345360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2