Nursing for Women''s Health最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Implementing Communication Boards at the Bedside to Improve Patient-Centered Care in an Inpatient Obstetric Unit
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.10.004
Beth Anne Chapin, Meghan Duck
{"title":"Implementing Communication Boards at the Bedside to Improve Patient-Centered Care in an Inpatient Obstetric Unit","authors":"Beth Anne Chapin,&nbsp;Meghan Duck","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To implement use of custom whiteboards to improve bedside communication and shared knowledge between clinicians and patients.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Quality improvement project using a seven-step evidence-based practice framework and Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to redesign custom communication boards for specific patient (antepartum, labor, postpartum) populations.</div></div><div><h3>Setting/Local Problem</h3><div>Two California university medical center inpatient obstetric units where Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems scores in nursing communication had trended down at a time when whiteboards were being underused in patient rooms.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Staff of approximately 170 nurses, 30 physicians, and 8 midwives.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention/Measurements</h3><div>The project was implemented from January 2020 through July 2020; the first phase was completed in the postpartum unit, and the second phase was completed in the antepartum unit. Staff surveys and board use audits were used to collect preimplementation and postimplementation data. Third-phase labor boards were designed but were not yet implemented due to budget constraints.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Project data supported that the new boards encouraged more complete information and facilitated bedside communication better than the previous iteration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A customized communication board designed for a specific patient population is an effective tool to promote patient-centered care. Communication boards can reinforce safe nursing practice, facilitate discussion, and improve the patient experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 2","pages":"Pages 91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Endometriosis on Disease-Specific Quality of Life.
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.09.005
Katherine E Pinto, Helen L Graham, Judith M Scott, Melissa J Benton
{"title":"Effect of Endometriosis on Disease-Specific Quality of Life.","authors":"Katherine E Pinto, Helen L Graham, Judith M Scott, Melissa J Benton","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate disease-specific quality of life (QOL) in women with endometriosis and assess concurrent validity of the Endometriosis Impact Questionnaire (EIQ).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational, cross-sectional design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Online survey.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Women ages 18 to 49 years who self-reported a diagnosis of endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Measurement: </strong>Disease-specific QOL was measured with the EIQ and the Endometriosis Health Profile-5 (EHP-5). Health-related QOL was measured with two WHOQOL-BREF questions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 413 participants with complete data included in the analysis. Mean (SD) age at participation was 33.9 (7.1) years and at diagnosis was 28.9 (7.0) years. Responses to the EIQ demonstrated that endometriosis had the greatest effect on QOL through physical-psychosocial symptoms and fertility problems. Lifestyle behaviors related to alcohol and tobacco use were the least affected. Scores on the EHP-5 demonstrated similar results, with social support, self-image, and feelings of control being most impacted. Health-related QOL was also found to be impaired. Participants rated their overall QOL as neither poor nor good and their overall satisfaction with their health as dissatisfied. Concurrent validity for the EIQ was acceptable. Women who reported worse disease-specific QOL on the EIQ also had worse disease-specific QOL on the EHP-5 (p ˂ .01) and worse health-related QOL on the WHOQOL-BREF questions (p ˂ .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Endometriosis significantly impairs disease-specific QOL in addition to general health-related QOL. The EIQ is a valid measure of disease-specific QOL and can be used to assess the impact of endometriosis on the multiple dimensions of women's lives. It is recommended that providers use this tool to obtain a more in-depth understanding of the effect on QOL and tailor patient-specific care that targets the multidimensions of endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expert Witnesses in Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nursing.
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.11.002
{"title":"Expert Witnesses in Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nursing.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reviewer Acknowledgment
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1751-4851(25)00026-1
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1751-4851(25)00026-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1751-4851(25)00026-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Page 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pediatric Providers’ Perceptions of Their Role in the Early Detection of Postpartum Depression 儿科医生对其在产后抑郁症早期发现中的作用的认知。
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.005
Laura A. Gonzalez, Emily G. Chin
{"title":"Pediatric Providers’ Perceptions of Their Role in the Early Detection of Postpartum Depression","authors":"Laura A. Gonzalez,&nbsp;Emily G. Chin","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore pediatric health care providers’ perceptions of their role in screening mothers for postpartum depression (PPD).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Descriptive, qualitative methodology.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Pediatric care providers from five different institutions in the Chicago metropolitan area.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Eleven providers who see infants within their first year of life were interviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention/Measurements</h3><div>Participants were interviewed regarding their perceptions of their role in the early detection of PPD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the interviews and coding, six themes were identified: <em>Screening Formally and Informally</em>, <em>Providers Perceiving Their Role</em>, <em>I Think There Should Be More Education</em>, <em>Falling Through the Cracks</em>, <em>Clinical Missed Pathways</em>, and <em>A Supportive Organization Has an Impact on the Role of the Provider</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the need to increase awareness and ensure that proper national guidelines are implemented by health care providers, policymakers, and organizations to secure a proper and efficient protocol to ensure the practice of screening all mothers. In addition, the results from this study have implications for public policy, nursing practice, education, and further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Content Validity for the NICU Caregiver Behavior Checklist 新生儿重症监护病房护理人员行为量表的内容效度。
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.006
Amy Carroll, Cecilia Roan, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Michele Kacmarcik Savin
{"title":"Content Validity for the NICU Caregiver Behavior Checklist","authors":"Amy Carroll,&nbsp;Cecilia Roan,&nbsp;Catherine Verrier Piersol,&nbsp;Michele Kacmarcik Savin","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To update and establish content validity for the Checklist of NICU Caregiver Behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Structured literature review and Delphi analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Setting/Local Problem</h3><div>Neonates born prematurely or who are sick in the NICU are frequently exposed to harmful stimuli that can affect brain development and result in adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. In response to this risk, NICU caregiving now encompasses protecting and promoting neurodevelopment to affect long-term outcomes for neonates and their families. Developmentally supportive care (DSC) includes internationally recognized best practices for the care of neonates in the NICU. Implementation and operationalization of DSC is a priority for neonatology. Although evidence-supported guidelines exist for effective DSC strategies in the NICU, no validated tool exists to support implementation at the point of care.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Nine expert reviewers from the United States and India including four occupational therapists, one nurse practitioner, one clinical nurse specialist, and three neonatal medicine specialists.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention/Measurements</h3><div>The Checklist of NICU Caregiver Behaviors had been updated based on a structured review of the evidence. The updated checklist was then shared with a group of professionals with DSC expertise who provided further recommendations using a modified Delphi survey process.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The project yielded the current NICU Caregiver Behavior Checklist. Expert reviewers provided 53 actionable recommendations in Round 1 and 18 actionable recommendations in Round 2 to support clarity and use of the tool. In response, the NICU Caregiver Behavior Checklist was reformatted as a collection of five checklists, each representing a core measure of DSC; the introduction section was expanded; language was broadened; and clarifications were provided to promote observations of target behaviors and allow for more site-specific recommendations and assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This evidence-based tool can be used as part of DSC education, as a self-assessment tool, and as a measure of NICU caregivers’ use and quality of DSC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Breastfeeding Experiences of Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 妊娠糖尿病妇女的母乳喂养经验。
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.07.006
Kimberly N. Doughty, Jenna A. LoGuidice, Jennifer Schindler-Ruwisch, Kelsi McCarthy, Emily Bower
{"title":"Breastfeeding Experiences of Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Kimberly N. Doughty,&nbsp;Jenna A. LoGuidice,&nbsp;Jennifer Schindler-Ruwisch,&nbsp;Kelsi McCarthy,&nbsp;Emily Bower","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To understand the perinatal experiences of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who intended to breastfeed.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Qualitative descriptive study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Online focus groups conducted via Zoom.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Women who had GDM in their most recent pregnancy, had a full-term birth in the United States, and were no more than 18 months postpartum.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Virtual focus groups were held between November 2022 and August 2023. Focus group transcripts were coded and analyzed to identify major themes and subthemes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three major themes and 14 subthemes emerged: (a) <em>Challenges</em>, including subthemes of <em>GDM Diagnosis</em>, <em>Doubt</em>, <em>Physical Challenges</em>, <em>Balancing Demands</em>, <em>Lack of Support</em>, and Pressure or <em>Judgment</em>; (b) <em>Lack of Information</em> <em>or Support</em> <em>From Health Care Providers</em>, with subthemes of <em>Separation of GDM From Breastfeeding</em>, <em>Inadequate Information or Support</em>, and <em>Provider Neutrality</em>; and (c) <em>Facilitating or Motivating Factors</em>, including subthemes of <em>Knowledge</em>; <em>Intention, Confidence, and Determination</em>; and <em>Positive Support</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Women with GDM experienced many breastfeeding challenges and felt they had received little information or support from health care providers, including but not limited to nurses. They also expressed feelings of pressure or judgment about their infant feeding choices, reported a desire to know more about the connection between GDM and breastfeeding, and highlighted the value of having support systems in person or online.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Labor Mirror Use During the Active Pushing Phase of the Second Stage of Labor 评估第二产程主动用力阶段使用分娩镜的情况。
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.07.004
Robin L. Driver, Lynn Shaffer, Jennifer L. Doyle
{"title":"Evaluation of Labor Mirror Use During the Active Pushing Phase of the Second Stage of Labor","authors":"Robin L. Driver,&nbsp;Lynn Shaffer,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Doyle","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate whether the use of a labor mirror during the active pushing phase of the second stage of labor is associated with a shorter duration of pushing. Additionally, we examined maternal and neonatal outcomes secondary to mirror use versus non–mirror use.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective observational cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting/Local Problem</h3><div>Community hospital in the midwestern United States with a Level 3 maternity center and approximately 2,000 births annually.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Four hundred fifty-three women ≥18 years old who had a singleton pregnancy at term (37–41 weeks’ gestation) with a spontaneous vaginal birth.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention/Measurements</h3><div>The use of a ceiling-mounted labor mirror offered before or at the beginning of the active pushing phase of the second stage of labor. Use was determined by patient choice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred seventy-seven (39.1%) women elected use of the labor mirror. Mirror users and nonusers were similar in terms of clinical and demographic characteristics except for epidural use (93.2% vs. 86.6%, respectively; <em>p</em> = .0298). Among nulliparous women who used the mirror, second stage labor duration was shortened by an average of 19.4 minutes (<em>p</em> = .0198). This effect was not seen in multiparous women (<em>p</em> = .2208). Mirror users and nonusers did not differ on rates of postpartum hemorrhage (<em>p</em> = .5498) or chorioamnionitis (<em>p</em> = .6528). Among nulliparous and multiparous women, Apgar scores and NICU admission rates did not differ between mirror users and nonusers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The labor mirror represents a simple, noninvasive tool for labor and delivery units. Use of the labor mirror during the active pushing phase of the second stage of labor may be associated with decreased pushing duration for nulliparous women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Day I Will Never Forget 我永远不会忘记的一天。
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.004
Lauren Weber
{"title":"A Day I Will Never Forget","authors":"Lauren Weber","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 73-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Obstetric Violence From the Perspectives of Midwife Leaders in Hospitals in Nigeria 从尼日利亚医院助产士领导者的角度看产科暴力。
Nursing for Women''s Health Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2024.09.001
Adetunmise Oluseyi Olajide, Racheal Toyin Oyebamiji, Omolola Yetunde Oyedeji
{"title":"Obstetric Violence From the Perspectives of Midwife Leaders in Hospitals in Nigeria","authors":"Adetunmise Oluseyi Olajide,&nbsp;Racheal Toyin Oyebamiji,&nbsp;Omolola Yetunde Oyedeji","doi":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nwh.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe midwife leaders’ (i.e., midwives in managerial positions) perspectives on the forms of obstetric violence (OV) women experience in hospitals in Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>An interpretative qualitative phenomenological approach and the community readiness model (CRM) were used.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Three hospitals in Nigeria, where OV is recognized as a violation of fundamental human rights that negatively affects maternal and child health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Six midwife leaders were purposively selected, with two representatives from select government-owned hospitals throughout Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention/Measurement</h3><div>Data collection was carried out through key informant interviews and analyzed thematically using NVivo software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six themes emerged, highlighting various forms of OV observed by midwife leaders: <em>Physical Abuse</em>, <em>Verbal Abuse</em>, <em>Discrimination Based on Specific Patient Attributes</em>, <em>Nonconsented Care</em>, <em>Nonconfidential Care</em>, and <em>Detainment of Patients</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings substantiate the persistent occurrence of OV in government-owned facilities, emphasizing the urgent need for preventive measures to mitigate its detrimental effects on maternal and child health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39985,"journal":{"name":"Nursing for Women''s Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信