Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny最新文献

{"title":"Polish Immigrant Organisations in the UK after 2004: Between Lack of Unity and Increased Recognition","authors":"Roch Dunin-Wąsowicz","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.011.15837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.011.15837","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the changing structure, characteristics, and condition of Polish Immigrant Organisations (PIOs) in the United Kingdom, from Poland’s accession to the EU (2004) until the immediate aftermath of the Brexit vote (2017). It suggests that they are an important part of the rich tapestry of civil society actors dealing with migrants’ issues. It finds that the profound heterogenization of the landscape of Polish Immigrant Organisations can be attributed to a very diverse migrant community in terms of class, whose needs were not met by the hitherto existing organisations devoted to the symbolic affirmation of Polishness and in-group solidarity, chiefly along class lines. The resultant intergenerational tension between old and new migrants translated into the emergence of a new breed of migrant organisations that addressed the welfare needs of the underprivileged Polish migrants, especially on a local level, as well as their cultural belonging and social aspirations. The article is based on a 2-year multi-method study of migrant organisations across the United Kingdom that included surveys, interviews, and participant observation among civil society activists, experts, as well as civil servants.\u0000\u0000Słowa kluczowe: Polish Immigrant Organisations, Brexit, Civil Society, EU Migrat","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132329127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges, Opportunities and Prospects for Immigrant Organizations in Supporting Integration of Minorities; the Case of Polish Organizations in Ireland","authors":"Magdalena Lopez Rodriguez","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.013.15839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.013.15839","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to highlight barriers and opportunities faced by Polish organizations in Ireland in promoting pro-integrationist, as opposed to isolationist, tendencies among Poles. Despite noticeable integration trends, the majority of Poles prefer to remain within their circles, creating a so-called parallel society. Poles’ respect for their cultural values may partially explain the fact that they fall into social exclusion by creating typically Polish networks inside which their lives oscillate. Currently, a critical condition for receiving funds for organizational activities is the requirement to adopt a specific profile in accordance with the demands imposed by sponsors. Consequently, the strategic role of Polish diaspora organizations is to implement programs aimed at integrating Poles into Irish society and with other minorities. Such, the role of Polish organizations will change; they are likely to employ a more cosmopolitan and integrating character, rather than isolating themselves and will need to respond to the changing needs of Poles in Ireland.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129822815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Między kryzysem i transformacją: Polskie organizacje imigranckie w Hiszpanii","authors":"Aleksandra Sojka","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.015.15841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.015.15841","url":null,"abstract":"Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki kompleksowego badania polskich organizacji imigranckich w Hiszpanii. Analiza opiera się na danych zebranych podczas pogłębionych wywiadów z członkami polskich organizacji imigranckich w tym kraju, przedstawicielami ich otoczenia, ekspertami oraz przedstawicielami administracji hiszpańskiej. Głęboki kryzys ekonomiczny w Hiszpanii wyłania się jako główny element kształtujący kondycję badanych organizacji. Trudna sytuacja gospodarki hiszpańskiej w latach 2008–2014 zasadniczo zmieniła charakterystykę diaspory polskiej (a co za tym idzie, członków i odbiorców organizacji) oraz polityczną strukturę możliwości, w której egzystują stowarzyszenia. Jednocześnie, szersze zmiany w procesie migracji związane z globalizacją i integracją regionalną są postrzegane przez rozmówców jako kluczowe dla transformacji roli pełnionej przez organizacje.\u0000\u0000\u0000Between Crisis and Transformation: Polish Immigrant Organizations in Spain\u0000This article presents the results of a comprehensive study of Polish immigrant organizations in Spain. The analysis is based on original data collected through in-depth interviews with Polish immigrant organizations’ members, representatives of their environment, experts, and representatives of the Spanish administration. The deep economic crisis in Spain emerges as a critical juncture that reshaped the situation of the surveyed organizations. These difficulties are emphasized as the root cause of many of the issues faced by the organizations, both in terms of a decreasing Polish diaspora (and, thus, reduced numbers of members and recipients of the organization) and changes in the political structure of opportunities. At the same time, broader changes in the migration process related to globalization and regional integration are seen as crucial determinants of the changing character of their activities.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126668899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polskie wyspy w morzu różnorodności. Przypadek dwóch organizacji imigranckich w Holandii","authors":"I. Jóźwiak","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.014.15840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.014.15840","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł ukazuje działania polskich organizacji imigranckich w Holandii w kontekście etnicznej i kulturowej różnorodności cechującej holenderskie społeczeństwo oraz zróżnicowania polskiej zbiorowości w tym kraju. Bazuje on na badaniach przeprowadzonych w 2017 roku wśród polskich organizacji imigranckich w Holandii oraz na wywiadach eksperckich. Jest to studium przypadków dwóch organizacji działających w holenderskiej metropolii. Organizacje te w różny sposób rozkładają akcenty na działalność kulturalną i społeczną oraz deklarują przywiązanie do odmiennych, „liberalnych” i „konserwatywnych” wartości. Badania wskazują, w jaki sposób polskie organizacje imigranckie w Holandii konsolidują polskie środowiska w tym kraju oraz wypełniają lukę w działaniach na rzecz integracji migrantów z państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej.\u0000\u0000The article presents the activities of Polish immigrant organisations in the Netherlands in the context of the ethnic and cultural diversity that characterises Dutch society and the diversity of the Polish community in this country. It is based on research conducted in 2017 among Polish immigrant organisations in the Netherlands and on expert interviews. It is a case study of two organisations operating in the Dutch metropolis. These organizations differently distribute the emphasis on cultural and social activity and declare attachment to different “liberal” and “conservative” values. The research shows how Polish immigrant organisations in the Netherlands consolidate Polish environments in this country and fill the gap in activities for integrating migrants from European Union Member States.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129233271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granice języka polskiego. Postawy wykładowców akademickich wobec kompetencji językowych studentów ukraińskich w kontekście migracji edukacyjnych do Polski","authors":"Magdalena Hoły-Łuczaj","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.002.15236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.002.15236","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł wskazuje, w jaki sposób można uzupełnić lukę polegającą na braku badań dotyczących postaw wykładowców akademickich (nie-lektorów), rodzimych użytkowników języka polskiego, wobec błędów popełnianych przez studentów, dla których polszczyzna nie jest językiem ojczystym. Tłem teoretycznym są: (1) badania prowadzone w literaturze anglojęzycznej w obrębie paradygmatu English as a lingua franca – w szczególności w odniesieniu do szkolnictwa wyższego i jego umiędzynarodowienia – które problematyzują zasadność uznania schematów językowych stosowanych przez rodzimych użytkowników jako jedynego, bądź najważniejszego kryterium kompetencji językowej; (2) półperyferyjność systemu szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce. Akademicy z Polski, jako autorzy tekstów naukowych, mogą stać się beneficjentami podejść, które odchodzą od ortodoksji w kwestii języka angielskiego w przypadku publikacji w międzynarodowych (zazwyczaj anglosaskich) czasopismach. Praca w systemie półperyferyjnym, przyciągającym coraz więcej studentów z zagranicy (głównie z Ukrainy), stawia ich jednak równocześnie w drugiej roli: trybunału poprawności językowej zgodnej ze standardami akademickiej polszczyzny. Artykuł rozważa możliwe scenariusze negocjowania tych dwóch tożsamości.\u0000\u0000The article shows how to fill the gap consisting in the lack of research on the attitudes of academic lecturers (other than language instructors), native speakers of the Polish language, towards mistakes made by students for whom Polish is not their mother tongue. The theoretical background is: (1) research conducted in English-language literature within the paradigm of “English as a lingua franca” – in particular with regard to higher education and its internationalization – which problematize the legitimacy of recognizing language patterns used by native speakers as the only or the most important criterion of linguistic competence; (2) the semi-peripheral nature of the higher education system in Poland. Polish academics, as authors of scientific texts, can become beneficiaries of approaches that deviate from orthodoxy regarding the English language in the case of publications in international (usually Anglo-Saxon) journals. Working in a semi-peripheral system, attracting more and more students from abroad (mainly from Ukraine), however, puts them in a different role: an oracle of linguistic correctness in accordance with the standards of academic Polish. The article considers possible scenarios for negotiating these two identities.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125030115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directions and Results of Activities of the Polish Embassy in Rio de Janeiro in Strengthening the Position of Poland and the Polish Community in Brazil in the 1920s – Selected Manifestations","authors":"T. Landmann","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.003.15237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.003.15237","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to present the challenges in the form of practical directions and results of activities undertaken by diplomats serving at the Polish Embassy in Rio de Janeiro as an institution representing the Second Polish Republic’s interests in the largest country in South America.\u0000\u0000The article analyses selected archival materials collected in the Archive of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America and available literature. The documents used are in Polish. Some documents were translated from Portuguese.\u0000\u0000It was shown that the Polish Embassy in Rio de Janeiro contributed to the strengthening of diplomatic relations between Poland and Brazil in the 1920s. The results of the institution’s activities included consolidating the foundations of economic cooperation between the two countries, including the support of the Brazilian Polish community. Moreover, activities in the field of press inspiration in the host country were carried out.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129702699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migrants in the Cities of Eastern Poland – Settlement Processes and Relations with Intermediary Groups. Conceptualization of the Research Project","authors":"Katarzyna Winiecka, J. Mucha, Aleksandra Porankiewicz-Żukowska, Karolina Radłowska","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.004.15238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.004.15238","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed analysis of settlement practices is to contribute to the current research on recent international migration. It takes into account the role of important groups that are culturally, ethnically and religiously close to migrants, which itself is innovative and the research will be carried out in locations which, due to their “tradition” of ethnic diversity and the process of “unfinished” urbanization, provide a unique social background for the analysis of factors that may influence the processes of settlement, including: the creation of social anchors, adaptation strategies, integration processes and identity transformations.\u0000\u0000The category of “intermediary groups” plays a key role in this project. We are interested in its impact on settlement processes and its theoretical relationship with other concepts used in this proposal. Moreover, we believe that research material collected in the field study will provide us with data that will allow us to construct a typology of settlement practices. We intend to find out whether the category of “intermediary group” is a factor helping us to explain settlement strategies and the development of other important processes related to the phenomenon of migration.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"47 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120816152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Najnowsza migracja z Hiszpanii do Polski w perspektywie komunikacji międzykulturowej","authors":"A. Matyja","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.005.15300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.005.15300","url":null,"abstract":"Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników projektu badawczego dotyczącego migracji Hiszpanów do Polski, a więc zjawiska nowego oraz słabo dotąd zbadanego, w przeciwieństwie do kierunku odwrotnego, który utrwalił się przez wieki i któremu poświęcono wiele publikacji. Nieoczekiwanie Hiszpanie stali się trzecią największą grupą cudzoziemców z Unii Europejskiej mieszkających w Polsce, co było przyczynkiem do przeprowadzenia wywiadów pogłębionych z jej przedstawicielami. Za szczególnie istotną uznano kwestię motywacji do obrania właśnie takiego celu migracji, a także rolę, jaką w podejmowaniu tej decyzji odgrywały wcześniejsze wyobrażenia respondentów na temat Polski i Polaków. Przeanalizowano także proces aktualizacji tych wyobrażeń podczas przebywania w nowym otoczeniu kulturowym, przyjmując tym samym perspektywę właściwą studiom nad komunikacją międzykulturową. Badanie pozwoliło wykazać, że Hiszpanie migrujący do Polski to ludzie młodzi i posiadający wyższe wykształcenie, którzy decydują się na zmianę kraju zamieszkania ze względu na chęć znalezienia stabilnego zatrudnienia, a więc osiągnięcia celu, który w Hiszpanii jawi się im jako niemal nieosiągalny. Procesowi podejmowania decyzji o wyjeździe do kraju, który ma oferować atrakcyjne możliwości na rynku pracy, towarzyszą liczne negatywne komponenty obrazu Polski w Hiszpanii (m.in. bieda, zacofanie), które stopniowo ulegają aktualizacji podczas pobytu w nowym kraju. The aim of this paper is to present the results of a study on the migration of Spaniards to Poland, a new and poorly researched phenomenon. Unexpectedly, the Spaniards became the third largest group of foreigners from the European Union living in Poland, which was the reason for conducting in-depth interviews with its representatives. Particularly important was the issue of motivation to choose this very destination of migration, as well as the role of the respondents’ earlier perceptions of Poland and Poles in making this decision. The process of updating these perceptions while staying in a new cultural environment was also analyzed, thus adopting the perspective appropriate to the study of intercultural communication. The study showed that Spaniards migrating to Poland are young people with higher education who decide to change their country of residence in order to find a stable job (a goal that in Spain appears almost unattainable to them). The decision-making process to move to a country that can offer attractive opportunities on the labor market is accompanied by numerous negative components of the image of Poland in Spain (including poverty, underdevelopment), which are gradually updated during a stay in a new country.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132127236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sahrawi Migration in the Context of a Protracted Refugee Situation – a Description of the Phenomenon and Critical Analysis of the State of Research","authors":"Marta Kluszczyńska","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.22.001.13888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.001.13888","url":null,"abstract":"Algerian-based Sahrawi refugee camps were established 46 years ago. From that moment, Sahrawis have continuously migrated within organized mobility projects and individually. The aim of the article is to describe this migration as well as critically analyse the state of research. On the basis of a literature review, I have identified both research gaps and some methodological and analytical tendencies: a lack of reliable statistical data, a focus on easily accessible locations and certain groups of migrants, the problem of relating contemporary migration to nomadic traditions, ahistoricism and a lack of processualism in the description of Sahrawi migration, the problematical question of gender in migration processes and the agency of migrants within refugee regimes. Overall, the article introduces the question of Sahrawi migration within a protracted refugee situation and raises questions for further research.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127198814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polish Educational System Response Towards Immigrant Children’s Presence at Public Schools","authors":"K. Gmaj","doi":"10.4467/25444972smpp.21.062.14815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.21.062.14815","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2001, when the Ministry of Education started to collect data on foreigners attending Polish public primary and secondary schools, their number has increased by tenfold, reaching 42 000 in the school year 2019/2020. The article demonstrates how the Polish educational system has responded to immigrant children’s presence. First, it presents instruments targeted at children with migration experience, which Polish authorities have over the years implemented into law regulating schooling. The second part of the article provides an overview of research on the situation of children with migrant experience learning in public schools. The conclusion is not optimistic: Poland did not have and still does not have a strategic vision of national educational policy encompassing such pupils.","PeriodicalId":399721,"journal":{"name":"Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122066357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}