International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Mobile Phone Technology Usage in Farmer Situation: The Case of Sodo Zuria District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples’ Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Michael Heliso, S. Rajan","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0701001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0701001","url":null,"abstract":"The dissemination of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in developing countries provides much opportunity to transfer knowledge and information by private companies and government departments. In the last many years mobile phone coverage has spread fast in Asian, African and Latin American countries. It was indicated that more than sixty per cent of the population of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America had access to mobile phone coverage in 2009. In the past the adoption of the mobile phones was primarily by rich people residing in urban areas. Nowadays mobile phones have been adopted by rural and urban populations in developing countries who are getting a good benefit and latest information regarding weather, market and other related issues (Aker & Mbiti, 2010).","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131208578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Vitro Biological Experiment for New Pharmacology Compounds at High-Altitude-Area, Taif, KSA","authors":"M. Sabra","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0710003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0710003","url":null,"abstract":"This paper was discharged for \"In-vitro biological experiment for new pharmacology compounds at high-altitude-area (HAA), Taif, KSA\". The mean of antimicrobial effects on Staphylococcous aureus (SA), as antibacterial effect were at (1, 3, 5 and 7hr). The mean antimicrobial were in descendant order by antibacterial as followed (K1, K2, k3, K4, K5 and K6) were 100% at 7hr. Nevertheless, (K3 and K6) were 100% since 5hr. The newly synthesized compounds inhibitory concentration presented high important activity against SA. The mean of antimicrobial effects on Escherichia coli (EC), as antibacterial more effective (K1, K2, K3 and K5) were 100% at 7hr, then (K4 and K5) were (95 and 90%). The mean antibacterial during the exposure hrs and the averages were in descendent command by antibacterial fraction. The inhibitory concentration presented by using pharmacology compounds high important activity against EC. The mean of antimicrobial effects on Candida albicans (CA), the effect as antifungal were included (1, 3, 5 and 7hr). The means were in descendant order by the fraction of antifungal, the more effective were (K2, K3 and K6) were 100% at 7hr, and then (K1, K4 and K5) were (90, 95 and 85%). The effective was clear with pharmacology compounds. This present applied work concluded pharmacology compounds had effective more powerful than antimicrobial agents did. As well, it could be institution of antimicrobial agents for \"Health-program\" (HP) at HAA. Using new pharmacology compounds instead of chemical antimicrobial substances to protect human body from side effects and could improve HP at HAA.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133680380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptococcus mutans Dental Carries among Patients Attending Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia","authors":"Demissew Shenkute, Tsegahun Asfaw","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0702005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0702005","url":null,"abstract":"Dental plaque is an adherent deposit of bacteria and their products, which forms as a white greenish or even yellow film on all tooth surfaces. Dental plaque accumulates naturally at stagnant or retentive sites formed after one or two days with no oral hygiene (Nada HA et al., 2008).Dental caries is the single most prevalent and costly infectious disease worldwide, affecting more than 90% of the population in the US. The development of dental cavities requires the colonization of the tooth surface by acid producing bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, in conjunction with the frequent ingestion of a cariogenic high sucrose diet, the substrate for acid and glucan production by organisms. The elevated amounts of acid and glucans modulate the establishment of cariogenic organisms within tightly adherent biofilms known as dental plaque (Catalan MA et al., 2011). Tooth surfaces colonized with S. mutans are at a higher risk for developing caries (Pannu P. et al., 2013).Dental caries is an irreversible microbial disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth, which is characterized by demineralization of the inorganic portion and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth, which often leads to cavitation. Dental caries is a multifactorial disease, which is caused by host, agent, and environmental factors (Kt S. et al., 2013).Streptococcus mutansare gram positive cocci bacteria. These facultative anaerobes are commonly found in the human oral cavity. It grow at temperatures of between 18-40 oc . Streptococcus mutans are a cariogenic microorganism that breaks down sugar for energy and produces an acidic environment, which dematerializes the superficial structure of the tooth. The result of the conversion disintegrates the coating of the tooth then later dissolves the calcium molecule creating hole (Whiley RA. and Beighton D. 2013; Jav ND. et al., 2013).It can be isolated from individuals either with or without a history of caries, but the development of dental carries dependent on the bacterial load strain variation of Streptococcus mutans (Smith B et al., 19998; Zhang L. et al., 2009).","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114319221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Hand Washing in Seme-Podji Peri-Urban School Environment Areas, Benin","authors":"Faith Ayodélé Médeyonmi Henry, Bawa Boya, T. Ahoyo","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0902002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0902002","url":null,"abstract":"Handwashing can prevent and control infectious diseases. However, to be effective, it must be done using an appropriate technique. Thus, this work aim to assess the quality of handwashing in the public primary school of Agblangandan, Sèmè Kpodji school environment: case (Benin). The study was conducted from May to July 2019. Thus, 124 samples obtained by swabbing the hands of schoolchildren, teachers, saleswomen before and after unguided hand washing and some water samples were sent to the laboratory for microbial analysis. To determine the handwashing compliance rate, a simple random draw included 230 schoolchildren, teachers and saleswomen was used. Overall handwashing adherence among schoolchildren was 32.38% of the sampled population. It was observed that teachers do not wet their hands before taking soap. In addition, they do not stress the interdigital spaces, palm, wrists and ulnar edges. Bacteriological analysis shows the presence of Staphylococcus aureus (87.09%), from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44.35%), Escherichia coli (23.39%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (62.09%) and Serratia marcescens (16.94%). This study revealed a high manual carriage level of potentially pathogenic microorganisms and their presence in water. Training of teaching staff in health education standards and protocols as well as supervision are necessary to upgrade skills and adherence to hygiene measures.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116398102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge Points and Research Perspectives on Detarium Senegalense, A Vulnerable Species in Benin","authors":"Benjamin A. K. Dossa, C. Ouinsavi, Towanou Houêtchégnon, B. Sourou","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0802002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0802002","url":null,"abstract":"Detarium senegalense is a priority fruit species exploited but little known and under-valued in West African countries. The purpose of this study on the bibliographic synthesis is to take stock of the various works and aspects addressed on the species in order to highlight the lines of research that are still new for better enhancement of the species. The methodology used consisted of doing research on the net using some search engines such as google, google scholar, AGORA and some links by introducing more authentic keywords. Documents, such as articles, books, theses and dissertations on this species or not obtained online and in libraries were consulted and downloaded. It is appropriate after reading and analysis of the documents obtained that D. senegalense is a species having multiple uses in several fields. The fruits of the species are composed of important nutrients and very rich in vitamin C being indispensable in the food of the rural as urban populations. Several organs of the species are used in traditional medicine, the manufacture of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. For further recovery and conservation of the species, additional studies are relevant to the conservation status and impact of exploitation on D. senegalense populations in Benin.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129479483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Screening, FTIR Analysis and GC-MS Studies of Oleaginous Fungi Pleurotus Ostreatus","authors":"K. Naveena","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0712003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0712003","url":null,"abstract":"As of late microbial lipids are considered as one of the potential option to Biodiesel production. In nature many microorganisms at the point when grown under supplement pressure conditions (High C: N) proportion including bacteria, fungi, yeast and green algae capable of producing microbial oils [1-6]. The production of lipids is major concern for commercialization by utilizing the low cost materials. The number of oleaginous microorganisms presently being used for production of energy is limited, for example, of the 600 yeasts just 25% are known to produce lipids and among 60,000 fungal species under 50% are known to accumulate lipids [7]. In spite of the fact that the numbers appear to be large, the quantity of oleaginous microorganisms being used is limited, since the microbial lipid production explore and application as of recently is centered on production of uncommon lipids rich in poly unsaturated fats. In addition, microorganism fermentation had numerous favorable circumstances over oil bearing plants and crops. In any case, most of oil producing microorganism known at this point could just utilize glucose to produce oil [8, 9, 10]. Creating biodiesel along these lines raises worries about the monetary efficiency, which limits the improvement of microorganism fermentation. For example, a filamentous fungus such as Mortierella alliacea strain accumulated arachidonic acid (ARA) in the form of triglyceride, which have significantly produced 46.1 g/L of dry biomass, 19.5 g/L of total fatty acid and 7.1 g/L of arachidonic acid. Hence, it is clear that oleaginous yeast and fungi will act as potential alternative oil resources for biodiesel production [11]. The present work aim to select an oleaginous fungus that is able to accumulate intracellular saponifiable lipids suitable for production of biodiesel when grown with glucose as carbon source.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128390809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Aflatoxin M1 in Samples of Branded and Unbranded Cow Milk in Kaduna Metropolis","authors":"I. Sani, B. El-yaqub, S. Okeniyi, A. Shehu","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0809002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0809002","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxins are mycotoxins which are group of naturally occurring toxins produced mainly by moulds such as Aspergillusflavus and aspergillusparasiticus and have adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops that result in illnesses and economic losses (Hussain and Anwar, 2008). These fungi contaminate wide range of agricultural products mainly cereal grains, during preand post-harvest stages (El Khouryet al.,2011). Factors like season, humidity, temperature and also drought in the farm and poor storage conditions have critical roles in production of Aflatoxins.AFM1 is the hydroxylated metabolite of AFB1and can be found in milk or milk products obtained from livestock that have ingested contaminated feeds (Arafa et al., 2014).","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131015094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a 3D Multi-Parameter Method to Evaluate Heart Looping and Chamber Volume in Zebrafish Embryos","authors":"A. Renom, S. Webb, A. Miller","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0804005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0804005","url":null,"abstract":": Heart disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Some congenital cardiac malformations can result from defects in heart looping, which is a key process that ensures the correct alignment of the future chambers. The zebrafish is a widely used model for studying this essential developmental process; however, there is a lack of a standardized methodology to quantitatively characterize the heart looping process. Here, we present a standardized method for improving the accuracy when estimating the degree of heart looping using the zebrafish as a model. Our method relies on access to a light-sheet microscope, and 3D analysis software, and it provides a means to acquire multi-parameter measurements related to shape changes during the heart looping process. This simple and more accurate approach can be used in future studies, which attempt to quantify heart-looping defects as well as aid in the elucidation of components of the signal transduction pathways that regulate this process.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123791426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there any Relation of Urine Bilirubin with Dimple on Chin?","authors":"M. Qadir, Noor Arif","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0706002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0706002","url":null,"abstract":"Bilirubin is a caramel yellow color that is created when red platelets separate or breakdown. The substance is found in the liver and is regularly passed out of the body amid absorption. The normal procedure of red platelets passing on while new cells are delivered implies that everybody has bilirubin in their bodies. Bilirubin possibly ends up unsafe when it gathers in the circulation system. Jaundice occurs due to the high concentration of bilirubin that causes the appearance of skin color as yellow. Level of bilirubin is influenced by age and wellbeing. This is the reason it's imperative to check their level of bilirubin. A test of urine is one method for estimating how much bilirubin we have in our body. Sometimes doctor prescribed medications can cause a false result, or a higher-thanordinary perusing of bilirubin in our body. A bilirubin in urine is frequently part of a urinalysis, a test that estimates diverse cells, synthetic compounds, and different substances in urine. Urinalysis is frequently included as a major aspect of a standard test.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115143084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Body Temperature has any Influence or Relation with Snoring","authors":"M. A. Aslam, M. Qadir","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0707001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0707001","url":null,"abstract":"The normal body temperature is 37c or 98.6k. When body temperature increases from a normal value to high it is known as fever. The normal body temperature is necessarily required for normal functioning of body parts. The enzymes of organism work with high speed at optimum temperature. If temperature increases above optimum rang then enzymes starts to denature and normal functioning may decrease or stop. Similarly decrease in temperature stop the action of enzymes that can damage the different organs. Temperature measured by different method mainly used mercury thermometer which is heat sensitive. But now mostly digital thermometers are being used. The normal body temperature of every person has not same. In the 19 th century a German doctor set a 98.6F as standard temperature as normal but recent study shows that different persons have different normal range of body temperature. The general value normal temperature for maximum people was 98.2F. The normal temperature of adult is from 97 to 99. The babies and children normal temperatures have slightly higher than adult; it starts from 97.9 to 100. The body temperature doesn’t remain equal through whole day rather it fluctuate according activity of body and depends upon that what you have eaten. The normal body temperature value also depends on the gender and the age of person. The low body temperature is known as hypothermia. if temperature decrease from normal value for few hours then body organ start damage and it may cause the death of men. The temperature above from the normal range called hyperthermia. If orally measured temperature is above the 37.6 is known as fever. The fever is not always bad for health because when some germ invaded the body then body temperature increases to help the immune system of body. The fever caused in respons of several kind of infection, medicine and trauma or injury.","PeriodicalId":398989,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122463480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}