Asian Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Eyelash in lacrimal punctum: demonstrating a negative pressure in the lacrimal sac","authors":"A. Verma, A. Dogra, R. Tuli","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.427","url":null,"abstract":"Eyelashes are normally arranged in two or three rows on the upper and lower eyelids. They are more numerous on the upper eyelid, with approximately 150 eyelashes being present on the upper and 75 on the lower eyelid. Eyelashes, like body hair, are shed regularly every 100 to 150 days. Usually, the shed eyelashes do not cause any symptoms. \u0000However, the cilia may sometimes get misplaced and end up in the lacrimal puncta, meibomian gland orifice, subconjunctival space, and corneal stroma. An eyelash that gets misplaced into the punctum has the potential to cause additional problems. Once the eyelash enters the punctum, the barbs on the hair prevent it from being expelled.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":"319-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of frontalis suspension surgery in pediatric ptosis","authors":"Safinaz Mohd Khialdin, F. Martin, Michael M Jones, C. Donaldson","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.392","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe the outcome of pediatric ptosis surgery using frontalis suspension technique. \u0000Design: Retrospective study. \u0000Methods: All patients with ptosis who underwent frontalis suspension from April 2009 to April 2014 at the Children’s Hospital at Westmead were included. Medical records of patients were reviewed and analyzed. \u0000Results: A total of 55 patients (74 primary procedures) were included in the study. Sixty-eight procedures (91.9%) used silicone as frontalis suspension material, three procedures used Gore-Tex, and three procedures used fascia lata. For procedures using silicone, the recurrence rate was 10.29%; 4.41% had infection and 1.47% had exposure keratopathy. All three procedures using Gore-Tex developed postoperative infection. No postoperative complication was documented in all the three procedures using fascia lata. \u0000Conclusion: A change in the practice from using banked fascia lata to silicone as frontalis suspension material is seen at the Children’s Hospital at Westmead. The postoperative complications and recurrence rate in procedures using silicone are relatively low. Autologous fascia lata could be considered as an alternative for older children in view of its long-term success rate and fewer complications.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":"242-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48554390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients diagnosed with glaucoma at the Philippine General Hospital","authors":"C. Bell, N. Florcruz","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.415","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with anxiety and depression among Filipino patients with glaucoma at a tertiary hospital in Manila. The study also aims to determine the sociodemographic profile of patients diagnosed with glaucoma based on age, sex, and social history. Additionally, the study seeks to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among Filipino glaucoma patients. \u0000Methods: This is a single-center, cross-sectional study. The levels of anxiety and depression in 82 glaucoma patients, seen in a tertiary hospital in Manila, were evaluated using the Filipino version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-P) questionnaire, which consists of two subscales, representing HADS-anxiety (HADS-A) and HADS-depression (HADS-D). The sociodemographic profile of the glaucoma patients was identified using percentages and frequency distribution. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among the participants was determined using percentages. To identify the risk factors for anxiety and depression, Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were performed with the HADS-A and HADS-D subscores as dependent variables and demographic and clinical features as independent variables. \u0000Results: After analyzing the data available, it was noted that HADS-A score ≥ 11 was present in 15% of cases, indicating anxiety among the glaucoma patients. Borderline cases of anxiety were observed in 20% (HADS-A score of 8-10), and 65% were normal, with HADS-A scores of ≤ 7. Clinically diagnosed (HADS-D score of ≥11) cases of depression were 1%, borderline cases (HADS-D 8-10) were 12%, and patients with normal HADS-D score were 87%. The linear regression analysis revealed the following results: a significant relationship between the HADS-A subscore and age (B = −0.07, p = 0.0129); a significant relationship between the logarithm of minimum angular resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the worse eye and HADS-A subscore (B = 0.424, p = 0.086); and the mean deviation of the worse eye and HADS-A subscore (B = 0.078, p = 0.025). The linear regression analysis revealed the following statistically significant relationships: HADS-D subscores and age (B = −0.06, p = 0.0125); logMAR BCVA of the worse eye and HADS-D subscore (B = 0.541, p = 0.006); mean deviation of the worse eye and HADS-D subscore (B = 0.070, p = 0.016); and mean deviation of the better eye and HADS-D subscore (B = 0.097, p = 0.032). \u0000Conclusion: This study shows that the prevalence of anxiety is higher than that of depression in patients with glaucoma. It can also be concluded that younger age is a risk factor for both anxiety and depression. The patient’s visual acuity in the worse eye and visual field severity are also risk factors for both anxiety and depression. It is therefore essential for physicians to be aware of the risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with glaucoma and to provide glaucoma pati","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":"329-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42256997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrast sensitivity before and after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis","authors":"A. Pradhan, Kishore R Pradhan, G. Shrestha, Purushottam Dhunganga, Raju Kaiti","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.417","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Contrast sensitivity function after laser ablation of the cornea in refractive surgery is an important tool for measuring quality of visual function. The effect of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) on visual function can be compared by measuring spatial contrast sensitivity. \u0000Purpose: This study was to compare contrast sensitivity function in patients undergoing refractive surgery for myopia at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology. \u0000Methods: In a retrospective study, 15 subjects who underwent refractive surgeries comprising 9 cases of SMILE and 6 cases of FS-LASIK at Tilganga Eye Hospital were enrolled in the study. A major assessment included best corrected monocular contrast sensitivity with functional vision analyzer at spatial frequencies of 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles/deg in photopic condition (85 cd/m2) before, 3 months, and 1 year after the surgery. The average functional acuity contrast test scores for each spatial frequency were recorded. Differences between preoperative and postoperative contrast sensitivity at each spatial frequency were analyzed through parametric paired Student’s t-test. \u0000Results: Contrast sensitivity of postoperative FS-LASIK and SMILE did not differ from preoperative values at a photopic level. However, at high spatial frequency (12 and 18 cycles/deg), contrast sensitivity function improved significantly (p < 0.05) in eyes after FS-LASIK. Eyes after SMILE surgery did not show any reduction in contrast sensitivity at all the spatial frequencies. \u0000Conclusion: Under photopic conditions, the contrast sensitivity function is unaffected by SMILE or FS-LASIK.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":"284-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45771843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantation of ArtificialIris, a CustomFlex® iris prosthesis, in a trauma patient with an Artisan lens","authors":"F. Doroodgar, M. Jabbarvand, Feazollah Niazi, Sana Niazi, Azad Sanginabadi","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.411","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate probable complications of ArtificialIris implantation with iris-fixated intraocular lens. \u0000Method: Development of photophobia, glare, and psychological strain during face-to-face communication in a 23-year-old man with a widespread traumatic iris defect terminate to make a decision for performing implantation an ArtificialIris (HumanOptics, Erlangen, Germany) under the remnant iris without removing the patient’s existing Artisan lens. \u0000Results: Without any intraoperative or postoperative complications, the patient’s visual acuity increased by one line, the endothelial cell loss was comparable with the cell loss associated with standard cataract surgery, and the anterior chamber depth and anterior chamber anatomy did not change. At the final follow-up examination, the mean intraocular pressure (IOP) did not differ from baseline, and we achieved high level of patient satisfaction and subjective vision improvement. We discuss the particular importance of considering the patient’s expectations, the appropriate measurements, ways to perfect color evaluation, and the types of ArtificialIris products. \u0000Conclusion: The implantation of the ArtificialIris in patients with aphakic iris-supported lenses (i.e., preexisting Artisan lenses) is a feasible approach and a useful option for patients with thin irises and iris hypoplasia who are at risk of subluxation or the dislocation of the PCIOL as well as those with sclerally fixed PCIOLs.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46119508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diluting 5-fluorouracil with normal saline reduces patient discomfort","authors":"K. Ong, Ru Min Ong, Daisy Y. Shu","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.573","url":null,"abstract":"5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite and is used to improve the success rate of trabeculectomies by inhibition of subconjunctival fibrosis. It can be administered postoperatively as a subconjunctival injection or given intraoperatively via cellulose sponge soaked in 5-FU and placed between the sclera and conjunctival flap. The advantage of injecting 5-FU subconjunctivally postoperatively is that the dose and frequency can be titrated according to patients’ needs. Subconjunctival injection may be uncomfortable and this could be due to the alkaline nature of 5-FU (pH 9.20) and its osmolarity of 384 mmol/l. It would be beneficial if this discomfort can be minimised as the injection may need to be given several times.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":"229-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47793634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the WINROP screening algorithm among preterm infants in East Malaysia","authors":"N. A. Kadir, S. Ahmad, S. A. Ghani, M. C. Bastion","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i4.402","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To prospectively validate the WINROP (Weight, Insulin-like growth factor 1, Neonatal, Retinopathy of Prematurity) screening algorithm (www.winrop.com) based on longitudinal measurements of neonatal body weights in predicting the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care center in East Malaysia. \u0000Methods: All premature infants of less than 32 weeks gestational age (GA) were included in this cohort. Their body weight was measured weekly from birth to 36 weeks postmenstrual age and entered into the computer-based surveillance system: WINROP. Infants were then classified by the system into high- or low-risk alarm group. The retinopathy findings were recorded according to Early Treatment for ROP criteria. However, the screening and management of infants were done according to the recommendations of the Continuous Practice Guidelines, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. The team members involved in screening and those recording the findings were kept blinded from each other. \u0000Results: A total of 151 infants with median GA at birth of 30 weeks (interquartile range [IQR] A} 2.1) and mean birth weight of 1,264 g (standard deviation A} 271) were analyzed. High-risk alarm was signaled in 85 (56.3%) infants and 9 (6.6%) infants developed type 1 ROP. One infant in the low-risk alarm group developed type 1 ROP requiring laser retinal photocoagulation. The median time lag from the high-risk alarm signal to the development of type 1 ROP was 10.4 (IQR A} 8.4) weeks. \u0000Conclusion: In this cohort, the WINROP algorithm had a sensitivity of 90%, with negative predictive value of 98.5% (95% confidence interval) for detecting infants with type 1 ROP and was able to predict infants with ROP earlier than their due screening date. This study shows that a modified version of the WINROP algorithm aimed at specific populations may improve the outcome of this technique.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":"250-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47701904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery","authors":"A. Malik, Smruti Ranjan Dethi, Y. Gupta, Alka S. Gupta","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i3.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i3.458","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To compare surgical parameters and visual outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with standard phacoemulsification. \u0000Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted on 60 eyes of 60 patients with age-related uncomplicated cataract who underwent: standard phacoemulsification surgery (30 eyes) i.e., Group 1, or coaxial MICS (30 eyes) i.e., Group 2. Intraoperative parameters were mean effective phacoemulsification power (EPP), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), and total volume of balanced salt solution (BSS) used. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. \u0000Results: Mean BCVA at 6 weeks was 0.04 ± 0.07 in Group 1 and 0.05 ± 0.08 in Group 2. No significant difference was observed in SIA between the two groups. Mean EPT was 29.80 ± 3.67 seconds in Group 1 and 31.93 ± 4.08 seconds in Group 2. The mean total EPP in Group 1 was 35.77 ± 5.17%, whereas it was 33.70 ± 3.05% in Group 2. There was a significant statistical difference between mean EPP and EPT in the two groups. Mean total BSS volume used in Group 1 was 128.83 ± 19.81 ml, whereas it was 139.33 ± 13.57 ml in Group 2. \u0000Conclusion: Although EPT and BSS volume used were significantly higher in coaxial MICS, the postoperative results of the two techniques were comparable.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43702738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility, safety and clinical efficiency of optometric service pathways at primary and tertiary care level in Ampang, Malaysia","authors":"D. A. Hussin, P. Hendicott, Andrew Carkeet, P. Baker, Ai-Hong Chen, Zalifa Zakiah Asnir, Zaira Zuraina Zainal Abidin, Rusnah B T Hussain, Azlina Mokhtar","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i3.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i3.512","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate feasibility, safety, and clinical efficiency of optometrists in conducting diabetic retinopathy screening and ocular health screening. \u0000Methods: This was a prospective observational trial study of newly developed optometric service pathways established at a community health clinic for diabetic retinopathy screening and a hospital ophthalmology clinic for ocular health screening. The study was carried out to assess the feasibility and safety of eye examinations conducted by optometrists. Patients were examined by optometrists using a standard eye examination at both clinics and re-examined by ophthalmologists as the reference standard. Optometrists recorded diagnoses of ocular conditions and classified referral urgency for each patient and these were compared with the diagnoses made by ophthalmologists, who were masked to the optometrists’ findings. \u0000Results: There was a high concordance of 87.0% (95% CI 80.4%-93.6%) for the diagnoses between the optometrists and ophthalmologists. Of 26 patients considered by the optometrists to need ophthalmology referral, 23 were agreed as such by the ophthalmologists, giving good agreement, κ = 0.76 (95% CI 0.53 -0.94) between the optometrists and ophthalmologists on referral classification. Agreement by the ophthalmologists for referral urgency classifications (very urgent/urgent or non-urgent) was very good (κ = 0.85, 95%CI 0.62-1.00). \u0000Conclusions: Ocular health examination by optometrists using optometric-eyecare pathways is feasible and safe. Optometrists showed strong agreement with  ophthalmologists when diagnosing patients who had a range of ocular conditions. Optometrists were also able to triage referrals and their urgency accurately, suggesting that they could play an extensive role as primary eye care providers, thus reducing unnecessary referrals to ophthalmology clinics.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48871150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes of ocular discomfort in patients of computer vision syndrome coming to a tertiary care centre","authors":"E. Shahid, Uzma Fasih, Asad Raza Jaffery, A. Shaikh","doi":"10.35119/asjoo.v16i3.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v16i3.400","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To document causes of ocular discomfort in patients with computer vision syndrome. \u0000Materials and methods: This study included 150 patients with computer vision syndrome who presented in the Eye Out Patient Department of Abbassi Shaheed Hospital. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling technique starting from January 2016 until July 2016. All the patients were above 18 years and working at least three hours per day during the last 1 year. Patients diagnosed with ocular diseases, neurological diseases, using topical or systemic medications, who had ocular surgery and systemic diseases causing dry eyes, who did not give consent, and contact lens users were excluded. Ocular examination was done including refractive errors, slit lamp examination, and tear film breakup time. Data was collected and analysed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. \u0000Results: This study had 150 individuals, of which 115 (76.2%) were males and 35 (23.2%) were females. Mean age was 32.3 ± 8.8 SD. The most frequent complaint was eye strain in 123 (81.5 %) individuals, followed by blurred vision in 94 (62.3%) individuals; the least common was diplopia in 13 (8.6%) individuals. Mean computer daily use was 5.96 ± 2.819 SD hours and duration of computer use was 10.13 ± 6.371 SD years. Tear film breakup time was less than 10 seconds in 63 (42%) individuals. Statistically significant P value 0.003 was seen between tear film breakup time and daily use in hours. \u0000Conclusion: A frequent cause of ocular discomfort in patients with computer vision syndrome is decreased tear film break up time. Another important cause is uncorrected refractive error, the most common of which is myopia, which should be addressed without delay to reduce ocular discomfort.","PeriodicalId":39864,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43974775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}