Acta Palaeobotanica最新文献_第6页

New data on the winged fruits of Carpolithus prangosoides Berry from the Eocene of western Tennessee and Kentucky. 始新世田纳西州西部和肯塔基州石竹属带翅果实的新资料。

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.35535/acpa-2020-0009

S. Manchester, Rachel G. Reback

{"title":"New data on the winged fruits of Carpolithus prangosoides Berry from the Eocene of western Tennessee and Kentucky.","authors":"S. Manchester, Rachel G. Reback","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0009","url":null,"abstract":"We reexamined the morphology of the winged fruits Carpolithus prangosoides Berry (later synonym: Terminalia vera Berry) from the Eocene Claiborne Formation of southeastern North America, based on original and more recently collected specimens from several localities in Tennessee and Kentucky, USA. Physical and virtual sections of the fossils allow for more detailed documentation of wing morphology. The fruits are ellipsoidal, with five main lateral wings which bear radiating reticulate venation that forms loops near the margin. None of the fruits show pedicel or style remnants, but a basal pedicel scar was observed at the end opposite to the prominent, persistent sepals, indicating that the perianth was epigynous. A comparison with all known families having fin-winged fruits was conducted to assess possible affinities of C. prangosoides. Although no modern genus was found to match these fossils, the available characters, including the five sepals, suggest that it belongs to the Eudicot clade, likely in the Pentapetalae. However, the prior suggestion of combretaceous affinity is rejected based on differences in wing number and venation. We reviewed other North American reports of combretaceous fossils, concluding that only a few of them are reliable records for the family.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42198897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The quick death of a lake: human impact on Lake Tresssee (N Germany) during the last 6000 years – an approach using pollen, Cladocera and sedimentology 湖泊的快速死亡：过去6000年人类对特雷西湖（德国北部）的影响——一种利用花粉、枝角类和沉积学的方法

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.35535/acpa-2020-0007

C. Stolz, I. Pidek, M. Suchora

{"title":"The quick death of a lake: human impact on Lake Tresssee (N Germany) during the last 6000 years – an approach using pollen, Cladocera and sedimentology","authors":"C. Stolz, I. Pidek, M. Suchora","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Human-induced fluctuation of lake levels has been a common phenomenon in Europe since Neolithic times. At present, Lake Tresssee is a eutrophic lake covering less than 5 ha in northern Germany, but its sudden shrinking from ~125 ha before 1800 is considered a consequence of anthropogenic lowering of the lake level. We investigated the history of anthropogenic vegetation changes and water level fluctuations by multiproxy studies of a 4 m core from the former lake area. Our analyses of pollen and Cladocera subfossil, chemistry and sedimentological features yielded important conclusions about interactions between land-use history and climate impacts on the lake and its surroundings. The results indicate that the highest lake level persisted until the Late Atlantic. Since the Subboreal there have been several fluctuations, mostly in consequence of climate impacts. Later, different phases of sediment input to the lake from tributary streams and probably also from aeolian processes from an adjacent dune field were observed. At ~2800 BC the sedimentation rate decreased in consequence of fluvial impacts, as the lake basin was nearly filled up with deposits. As a result of greater human impacts, from the Early Bronze Age the macrophyte zone expanded in the lake, the oxygen content of the water continuously decreased, and heathlands developed in the surroundings. From the Late Iron Age and in the Early Medieval, pollutants probably from ironworks are detectable by geochemical analyses in the corresponding segments. In the pollen diagram the Migration Period is clearly visible, but the suggested radiocarbon date is younger than in Lake Belau in the neighboring region of Schleswig-Holstein. Most probably our pollen diagram did not register the absolute maximum values of Fagus related to the Migration Period. From the Early Medieval a clear phase of resettlement occurs. Since the Early Modern period, the lake level has shrunk rapidly in consequence of historically documented human activity.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"156-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46263291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Woody charcoal with traces of pre-charring decay from the Late Oligocene (Chattian) of Norken (Westerwald, Rhineland-Palatinate, W Germany) 德国莱茵兰-普法尔茨地区诺肯(Westerwald, rhinland - palatinate, W .)晚渐新世(Chattian)带预炭化衰变痕迹的木质木炭

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.35535/acpa-2020-0002

D. Uhl, M. Wuttke, A. Jasper

{"title":"Woody charcoal with traces of pre-charring decay from the Late Oligocene (Chattian) of Norken (Westerwald, Rhineland-Palatinate, W Germany)","authors":"D. Uhl, M. Wuttke, A. Jasper","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of traces of pre-charring decay are described from coniferous charcoals from the Norken locality, stratigraphically positioned within the Breitscheid Formation (Late Oligocene, Chattian) of the Westerwald area (Rhineland-Palatinate; W Germany). The traces include three-dimensionally preserved as well as collapsed fungal hyphae, collapsed filamentous structures (maybe related to ascomycetes), so-called shot-like holes of different diameters in cell walls of tracheids, as well as crater-like structures on the surface of tracheid walls. The latter occur on tracheids with bordered pits, in the direct vicinity of charred phloem (so far only rarely reported from pre-Quaternary charcoal). These observations, together with evidence that some of the charcoal fragments originated from wood that dried out prior to charring, point to a surface fire as the most likely source of the charcoal, although it cannot totally be ruled out that (partly) dead but still standing trees were affected during a crown fire. The data from the Late Oligocene of Norken provide further evidence that pre-Quaternary charcoal can be used as an additional, so far largely underutilized source for additional information about plant– microorganism interactions in deep time.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45515934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Pollen morphology of some species of the genus Quercus L. (Fagaceae) in the Southern Caucasus and adjacent areas 南高加索及邻近地区壳斗科栎属某些物种的花粉形态

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.35535/acpa-2020-0001

A. Hayrapetyan, A. Bruch

{"title":"Pollen morphology of some species of the genus Quercus L. (Fagaceae) in the Southern Caucasus and adjacent areas","authors":"A. Hayrapetyan, A. Bruch","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"The palynomorphology of 19 modern species of the genus Quercus L. native to Armenia and adjacent regions, including the Caucasus and Transcaucasia, the Mediterranean region (especially Turkey), as well as Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan, was studied using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The work revealed two main types of apertures (3-zonocolpate, 3-zonocolp-porate) as well as six morphological types of pollen based on three main types of exine ornamentation (tuberculate, verrucate, rugulate). We suggest that two main groups of exine ornamentation developed from a common initial type. The first group covers all species of the subgenus Quercus and also Q. suber and Q. alnifolia of the subgenus Heterobalanus. The second group is limited to the morphological type Q. ilex (species Q. ilex, Q. coccifera, subgenus Heterobalanus). On the other hand, the presence of widespread interspecific and introgressive hybridization within the genus Quercus indicates an ongoing process of speciation. This also has an effect on pollen features, which are very similar in a number of species but also vary in individual samples even within the same species. The morphological uniformity of the pollen surface (especially for the subgenus Quercus), the presence of islets of secondary sporopollenin on the surface of pollen grains, as well as orbicules in anthers, do not indicate general primitiveness of representatives of this genus but most likely denote a relatively high degree of speciation activity within this group.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"1-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48245965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Dioscorea manchesteri Kvaček, sp. nov., a new fossil species from the early Miocene flora of North Bohemia (Czech Republic) 北波西米亚早中新世植物区系Dioscorea manchesteri kva<e:1> ek, sp. nov.一个新种

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2019-0017

Z. Kvaček

引用次数: 1

The composition and age of the Ul’ya flora (Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt, North-East of Russia): paleobotanical and geochronological constraints Ul'ya植物群的组成和年龄（俄罗斯东北部鄂霍次克楚科奇火山带）：古植物学和地质年代限制

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2019-0014

V. Akinin, L. Golovneva, E. Salnikova, I. V. Anisimova, S. Shczepetov, N. Nosova

{"title":"The composition and age of the Ul’ya flora (Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt, North-East of Russia): paleobotanical and geochronological constraints","authors":"V. Akinin, L. Golovneva, E. Salnikova, I. V. Anisimova, S. Shczepetov, N. Nosova","doi":"10.2478/acpa-2019-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acpa-2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Ul’ya flora comes from the Amka Formation of the Ul’ya Depression, located in the Okhotsk–Chukotka volcanic belt (North-East Russia). This flora includes ~50 species, among which conifers predominate. Ferns and angiosperms are also diverse. The Ul’ya flora is characterized by high endemism and by the presence of numerous Early Cretaceous relicts (Hausmannia, Podozamites, Phoenicopsis, Baiera, Sphenobaiera). Four new endemic species of conifers from the Ul’ya flora are described: Elatocladus amkensis Golovneva, sp. nov., Araucarites sheikashoviae Golovneva, sp. nov., Elatocladus gyrbykensis Golovneva, sp. nov. and Pagiophyllum umitbaevii Golovneva, sp. nov. Two-lobed leaves of Sphenobaiera are assigned to S. biloba Prynada based on their epidermal structure. Because of its systematic composition the Ul’ya flora is correlated with the Coniacian Chaun flora of Central Chukotka, with the Coniacian Aliki flora from the Viliga–Tumany interfluve area, and with the Coniacian Kholchan flora of the Magadan Region. The U-Pb age of zircon (ID-TIMS method) from plant-bearing tuffites within the Amka Formation at the Uenma River is 86.1 ± 0.3 Ma. Thus, Coniacian age (most likely the end of the Coniacian, near the Coniacian/Santonian boundary) is assigned to the Ul’ya flora and plant-bearing pyroclastic deposits of the Amka Formation on the basis of paleobotanical and isotopic data.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"59 1","pages":"251 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44647533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Geminispermum, an Early Cretaceous (early–middle Albian) cupulate unit from the angiosperm-dominated Puddledock flora of eastern North America 双子座，北美洲东部被子植物占主导地位的Puddledock植物群中白垩纪早期（早-中阿尔比阶）的杯状单元

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2019-0020

E. M. Friis, P. Crane, K. Pedersen

{"title":"Geminispermum, an Early Cretaceous (early–middle Albian) cupulate unit from the angiosperm-dominated Puddledock flora of eastern North America","authors":"E. M. Friis, P. Crane, K. Pedersen","doi":"10.2478/acpa-2019-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acpa-2019-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new genus and species, Geminispermum virginiense, is described based on a well-preserved coalified cupulate reproductive unit recovered from the Early Cretaceous (early–middle Albian) Puddledock locality, Virginia, U.S.A. The reproductive unit is bisymmetrical and consists of an axis that bifurcates into two cupule-bearing stalks, each in the axil of a bract. Each cupule stalk bears a single non-valvate cupule recurved towards the center of the reproductive unit. The cupule opens distally by a short transverse slit with a distinct upper margin. Each cupule almost completely encloses a single orthotropous seed that is free from the cupule except at the base. The nucellus is also free from the integument except at the basal point of attachment. Geminispermum combines features of the ovulate structures of Caytoniales, Umkomasiales (= Corystospermales, including Doyleales) and Petriellales, but cannot be included in any of these existing orders as they are currently understood. The recurved, closed, non-valvate cupules are particularly similar to those of Caytonia, Petriellaea and Reymanownaea in external morphology, but differ in being one-seeded. The cupules of Geminispermum differ from the one-seeded cupules of Umkomasiales in being non-valvate and in having only a single cupule per bract. Geminispermum is perhaps most similar to the one- or two-seeded non-valvate cupules of Ktalenia from the Early Cretaceous of Argentina, but Ktalenia is poorly preserved, details of cupule architecture are uncertain, and the cupules appear to be associated with a single strongly dissected bract. Geminispermum is currently the only unequivocal seed plant cupule recovered from the Early Cretaceous Potomac Group and is distinct from all previously described cupulate reproductive structures.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"59 1","pages":"229 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49336442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Palaeoxylotomical studies in the Cenozoic petrified forests of Greece. Part one – palms 希腊新生代石化森林的古地貌学研究。第一部分-手掌

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2019-0012

D. Velitzelos, Stănilă Iamandei, Eugenia Iamandei, E. Velitzelos

引用次数: 5

Responses of the mangrove ecosystem to Holocene environmental change in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India 印度孙德尔本生物圈保护区红树林生态系统对全新世环境变化的响应

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2019-0013

A. Hait, H. Behling

{"title":"Responses of the mangrove ecosystem to Holocene environmental change in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India","authors":"A. Hait, H. Behling","doi":"10.2478/acpa-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acpa-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Sundarban Mangrove Forest in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, located at the mouth of the Ganga–Brahmaputra Delta in India, is the most diverse mangrove ecosystem in the world. Sediment cores were taken from two widely separated islands in that reserve: Chamta (CMT) and Sudhyanyakhali (SDK). Pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating were used to study the Holocene development and dynamics of this unique ecosystem. Modern pollen rain study reveals a strong relation between modern pollen rain and the present vegetation, as well as a high rate of Phoenix palludosa pollen production.The pollen records indicate that man-grove existed at CMT from ~5960 and at SDK from ~1520 cal yr BP. Changes in relative sea level, including the frequency and intensity of inundation as well as fluctuating precipitation, have been the major factors along with geomorphic processes that control the development and dynamics of the mangrove in the area during the Holocene. The mid Holocene mangrove at CMT declined, to be progressively replaced by successive communities, and eventually reached climax stage, while the SDK site is transitional in nature. The mangrove responds rapidly to changes in environmental conditions at both locations. Because of large-scale anthropogenic interventions, it is unlikely that similar rapid responses will occur in the future.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"59 1","pages":"391 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46343188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Nomenclatural novelties in the fossil genus Spinopalmoxylon (Arecaceae) from the Central European Oligocene and Miocene: A whole-plant concept for Spinopalmoxylon daemonorops 中欧渐新世和中新世槟榔属（槟榔科）化石的命名新颖性：大豆豆属的全植物概念

Acta Palaeobotanica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/acpa-2019-0016

Heinrich Winterscheid

引用次数: 0