Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie最新文献_第9页

Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema - Screening. 糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病黄斑水肿-筛选。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/29

J Němčanský, J Studnička, D Vysloužilová, J Ernest, P Němec

{"title":"Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema - Screening.","authors":"J Němčanský, J Studnička, D Vysloužilová, J Ernest, P Němec","doi":"10.31348/2023/29","DOIUrl":"10.31348/2023/29","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of severe visual loss in the working population. Therefore, both DR and DME have a significant socioeconomic and health impact, which taking into account the epidemiologic predictions is expected to increase. A crucial role in the management of DR and DME (not only for individuals, but also for the population) is played by an adequate screening program. This is based on the structure and organization of the healthcare system, the latest scientific developments in diagnostics (imaging) as well as technological advancements in computing (artificial intelligence, telemedicine) and their practical use. The recommendation presented by World Health Organization is also important. This paper evaluates all these factors, including evidence-based medicine reports and experience from existing DR and DME screening programs in comparable countries. Based on an evaluation of these parameters, recommended guidelines have been formulated for screening for DR and DME in the Czech Republic, including linkage to the Czech National Screening Center and the organization of the healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 5","pages":"250-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Torpedo Maculopathy. A Case Report. 鱼雷黄斑病变。一个病例报告。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/31

Z Šulavíková, V Krásnik

{"title":"Torpedo Maculopathy. A Case Report.","authors":"Z Šulavíková, V Krásnik","doi":"10.31348/2023/31","DOIUrl":"10.31348/2023/31","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Torpedo maculopathy is an incidental, congenital retinal lesion. The typical clinical finding is a unilateral, symmetric, oval, hypopigmented lesion in the inferotemporal macula. In most cases, the lesion is along the horizontal raphe, is torpedo-shaped, and the nasal edge is directed into the foveola. The diagnosis is determined on the basis of its characteristic shape, localization and findings on optical coherence tomography (OCT). The etiology and pathogenesis of torpedo maculopathy is unclear, but it is believed to be a congenital defect of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The aim of this publication is highlight this diagnosis and to present an incidental finding of torpedo maculopathy in an adult patient.Case report: A 30-year-old female patient reported for a routine eye examination. Fundus examination of the right eye revealed an oval hypopigmented lesion with a size of 1 disk diameter inferotemporally from the fovea, which was followed by a satellite lesion in the same axis directed into the foveola. Based on OCT, OCT angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and the typical shape and location of the lesion, the patient was diagnosed with torpedo maculopathy in the right eye.Conclusion: In general, torpedo maculopathy is an asymptomatic, congenital, benign retinal lesion, which is mostly diagnosed accidentally during a routine fundus examination. TM is non-progressive retinal finding with a minimal risk of deterioration of visual functions, which does not require any treatment. Nevertheless, due to the rare risk of a choroidal neovascular membrane, it is recommended to examine patients once a year. It is necessary to consider this diagnosis when a unilateral hypopigmented lesion is found inferotemporally from the fovea, and to distinguish it from chorioretinal atrophy, scar, vitelliform dystrophy, or other RPE lesions as part of the differential diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 5","pages":"268-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forms of Ocular Larval Toxocariasis in Childhood. A Review 儿童眼部幼虫毒血症的形式。综述

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2022/28

J Krásný, J Šach

{"title":"Forms of Ocular Larval Toxocariasis in Childhood. A Review","authors":"J Krásný, J Šach","doi":"10.31348/2022/28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2022/28","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present an outline of forms of ocular manifestations of visceral larva migrans in children, as illustrated by the extensive photographic documentation. Ocular larval toxocariasis (OLT) has various clinical manifestations even in childhood age, in which age representation has an influence. The most common is presence of peripheral granuloma of the eye, frequently with a tractional vitreal streak leading from the retinal periphery to the optic nerve papilla. This is followed by granuloma of the posterior pole of the eye, usually reaching from the macular landscape to the central retinal periphery, always with vitritis. In children OLT may be manifested also in affliction of the optic nerve (cystic granuloma of the head of the optic nerve or neuropathy with vitreal reaction), fulminant endophthalmitis and in rare cases also diffuse chorioretinitis. The diagnosis rests upon a clinical ophthalmological finding, as well as laboratory examination of the levels of antibodies with potential eosinophilia. Histological examination may demonstrate spherical polypoid ossification in the choroid at the posterior pole of the eye as a consequence of fibrotisation and calcification, proceeding from the surrounding area of the absorbed larva. General combined treatment with antihelminthics and corticosteroids is arduous and does not always produce the desired effect in the sense of a satisfactory improvement of visual acuity. In differential diagnostics, manifestations of OLT in small children are still associated with retinoblastoma and a clinical picture of other intraocular diseases.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 2","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

VISUAL OUTCOMES, CONTRAST SENSITIVITY, AND SATISFACTION WITH MULTIFOCAL INTRAOCULAR LENS BLENDED TECHNIQUE: LATE MID-TERM RESULTS. 多焦人工晶状体混合技术的视觉效果、对比敏感度和满意度:中后期结果。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/13

Blanco, V A Galvis Tello, Mendoza

{"title":"VISUAL OUTCOMES, CONTRAST SENSITIVITY, AND SATISFACTION WITH MULTIFOCAL INTRAOCULAR LENS BLENDED TECHNIQUE: LATE MID-TERM RESULTS.","authors":"Blanco, V A Galvis Tello, Mendoza","doi":"10.31348/2023/13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2023/13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe clinical visual outcomes, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction after cataract surgery with blending implantation of ReSTOR (Alcon laboratories) multifocal intraocular lenses.Material and methods: A single-arm, non-randomized prospective study assessed patients undergoing cataract surgery with ReSTOR® +2.50 intraocular lens in the dominant eye and +3.00 add in the fellow eye between January 2015 to January 2020.Results: In total, 47 patients (94 eyes) were enrolled, 28 women and 19 men. The average age at surgery time was 64 ±8 years, average postoperative follow-up was 45.4 ±7.0 months, with a minimum of 18.9 months. Postoperative binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was on average 0.07 logMar (Snellen 20/24), uncorrected binocular intermediate visual acuity at 65 cm was 0.07 logMar (20/24), uncorrected binocular near visual acuity at 40 cm was 0.06 logMar (20/23). Contrast sensitivity under photopic and scotopic conditions, with and without glare, remained at the upper limit of normality. 98% of patients were quite satisfied or very satisfied. 87% did not require glasses for any activities, either at distant vision, nor at near vision.Conclusions: Cataract surgery with ReSTOR® IOL blended vision showed medium-term satisfactory visual results, achieving spectacle independence and a high level of satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 2","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9772172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CURRENT VIEW OF THE SPECTRUM OF PACHYCHOROID DISEASES. A REVIEW. 厚脉络膜疾病谱系的现状。复习一下。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/9

A Stepanov

{"title":"CURRENT VIEW OF THE SPECTRUM OF PACHYCHOROID DISEASES. A REVIEW.","authors":"A Stepanov","doi":"10.31348/2023/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2023/9","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The term \"pachychoroid\" (greek pachy- [παχύ] - thick) was first used by Warrow et al. in 2013. It is defined as an abnormal and permanent increase in choroidal thickness ≥ 300 μm, which is caused by dilatation of the choroidal vessels of the Haller's layer, thinning of the Sattler's layer and the choriocapillaris layer.Methodology: Literary research focused on the current view of pachychoroid spectrum diseases, including clarification of the pathophysiological theories of the formation of \"pachychoroid\".Results: It is assumed that \"pachychoroid\" disease has an autosomal dominant type of heredity. Depending on the further activity of various exogenous and/or endogenous factors, pachychoroid diseases may appear. According to the current knowledge, the spectrum of pachychoroid disease covers six clinical entities: pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, polypoid choroidal vasculopathy, focal choroidal excavation and peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome. In this study, we describe the clinical symptoms and objective findings of focal choroidal excavation and peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome. The current pathophysiological theory of pachychoroid diseases is based on impaired venous outflow from the choroid (\"venous overload choroidopathy\") and thickening of the sclera in the eyes of affected patients.Conclusion: Pachychoroid diseases should be included in the differential diagnosis of characteristic features observed during multimodal imaging analysis of choroidal changes.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 4","pages":"163-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10046290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of Corneal Power after Refractive Surgery with Excimer Laser: A Concise Review. 准分子激光屈光手术后角膜度数的测定:简要综述。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/8

V Galvis, A Tello, V Otoya, S Arba-Mosquera, S J Villamizar, A Translateur, R Morales

引用次数: 0

DETERMINATION OF CORNEAL POWER AFTER REFRACTIVE SURGERY WITH EXCIMER LASER: A CONCISE REVIEW. 准分子激光屈光手术后角膜功率的测定:简要回顾。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01

V Galvis, A Tello, V Otoya, S Arba-Mosquera, Villamizar, A Translateur, R Morales

引用次数: 0

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/16

H Hasani, S Sheikhghomi, M Ojani

{"title":"TRAUMA-RELATED ACUTE MACULAR NEURORETINOPATHY. A CASE REPORT.","authors":"H Hasani, S Sheikhghomi, M Ojani","doi":"10.31348/2023/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2023/16","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To introduce a case report and review the literature on trauma-related acute macular neuroretinopathy as an unusual etiology of acute macular neuroretinopathy.Material and methods: A 24-year-old man presented with unilateral paracentral scotoma following non-ocular trauma in a car accident. The relative afferent pupillary defect was negative and the best corrected visual acuities of both eyes were 10/10 (by the Snellen chart scale).Results: Retinoscopy revealed a reduced foveal reflex, along with a small pre-retinal hemorrhage over the mid-pathway of the supranasal arteriole. OCT images showed an obvious ellipsoid zone (EZ) layer disruption in the macula of the left eye. The infrared fundus photograph of the same eye revealed a distinct hyporeflective area involving the macula. On fundus angiography, no macular vascular lesion was detected. The scotoma persisted after 3 months follow-up.Conclusion: Non-ocular trauma including head or chest trauma without direct ocular injury accounts for most cases of trauma-related acute macular neuroretinopathy. It is important to distinguish this entity, given that there are also unremarkable findings in the retinal examination of these patients. Indeed, proper clinical suspicion leads to further suitable investigations and impedes other extraordinary images, which are the basic rules in the management of traumatic patients suffering multiple injuries and incurring medical expenses.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 2","pages":"102-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9474641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SEVERE NEAR REFLEX SPASM IN A HEALTHY TEENAGER. A CASE REPORT. 一个健康青少年的严重近反射性痉挛。一份病例报告。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/15

G Mejía, S Guevara, Y Salgado, A Tello

{"title":"SEVERE NEAR REFLEX SPASM IN A HEALTHY TEENAGER. A CASE REPORT.","authors":"G Mejía, S Guevara, Y Salgado, A Tello","doi":"10.31348/2023/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2023/15","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Spasm of the near reflex usually includes accommodative spasm, esophoria/tropia, and different degrees of miosis. Patients usually refer to distance blurred and fluctuating vision, ocular discomfort, and headaches. The diagnosis is established with refraction with and without cycloplegia; most of the cases have a functional etiology. However, some cases require neurological conditions to be ruled out; cycloplegics have an important diagnostic and therapeutic role. PURPOSE To describe a case of bilateral severe accommodative spasm in a healthy 14-year-old teenager. CASE PRESENTATION A 14-year-old boy with progressive diminished visual acuity attended for YSP consultation. The diagnosis of bilateral spasm of the near reflex was made, based on a gap refraction of 9.75 D between retinoscopy with and without cycloplegia and esophoria with normal keratometry and axial length. The spasm was eliminated with 2 drops of cycloplegic in each eye separated by 15 days; no clear etiology was found other than the start of school. CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of pseudomyopia, especially in children with acute changes in visual acuity, who are usually exposed to myopigenic environmental factors that induce overstimulation of the parasympathetic third cranial nerve's innervation.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 2","pages":"97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9475116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CHANGE OF SURGICALLY INDUCED CORNEAL ASTIGMATISM AND POSITION OF ARTIFICIAL INTRAOCULAR LENS OVER TIME. 手术引起的角膜散光和人工晶状体位置随时间的变化。

Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31348/2023/14

I Popov, J Juhas, K Kopálová, V Krásnik

{"title":"CHANGE OF SURGICALLY INDUCED CORNEAL ASTIGMATISM AND POSITION OF ARTIFICIAL INTRAOCULAR LENS OVER TIME.","authors":"I Popov, J Juhas, K Kopálová, V Krásnik","doi":"10.31348/2023/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2023/14","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To analyze changes in surgically induced corneal astigmatism and articial intraocular lens (IOL) stability over time following cataract surgery. To compare the interchangeability of measurements between an automatic keratorefractometer (AKRM) and a biometer.Material and methods: In this prospective observational study, the above-mentioned parameters were collected from 25 eyes (25 subjects) on the first day, first week, first and third month after uncomplicated cataract surgery. We used IOL-induced astigmatism (difference between refractometry and keratometry) as an indirect indicator of IOL stability change. We used the Blant-Altman method to analyze consistency between devices.Results: At the above time points, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) decreased as follows: 0.65 D; 0.62 D; 0.60 D and 0.41 D (in the first day, week, month and third month respectively). Astigmatism induced by changes of the position of the IOL varied as follows: 0.88 D; 0.59 D; 0.44 D and 0.49 D. Changes in both parameters were statistically significant (p0.05).Conclusion: Both surgically induced astigmatism and astigmatism induced by IOL decreased over time, in which both changes were statistically significant. The decrease in SIA was most pronounced between the first and third month after surgery. For IOL-induced astigmatism, the greatest decrease was within the first month after surgery. The differences in measurement between the biometer and AKRM were statistically insignificant, but the clinical interchangeability between the given methods is questionable, especially with regard to measurement of the astigmatism angle.","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"79 2","pages":"88-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9772175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0