Abayomi Omolewu, Bradley Martsching, Guangyi Shi, Ryan Tian, Xiangbo Meng, U. Wejinya
{"title":"Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Surfactant Treated CVD Graphene","authors":"Abayomi Omolewu, Bradley Martsching, Guangyi Shi, Ryan Tian, Xiangbo Meng, U. Wejinya","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641552","url":null,"abstract":"Surfactants are often used for treating graphitic materials to overcome their hydrophobicity. These treatments have been employed successfully for graphitic materials such as carbon nanotube and graphite. However, there is still a need to investigate the surfactant treatment approach for CVD graphene for device integration. In this work, CVD graphene on silicon substrates was treated with different surfactant concentrations for different times. Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the surface morphology of the samples. Unlike other derivatives of graphene-like carbon nanotube, it is important for graphene to remain attached to the substrate. Results show that the stability of the CVD graphene on the substrate is highly dependent on the concentration of the surfactant used, and the duration of treatment CVD graphene. The AFM root-mean-square roughness also changes for different treatment concentrations and times. The change in roughness before and after treatment reduces lower surfactant concentration and longer treatment time.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"130 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128714758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pneumatic Microfluidic Device by 3D Printing Technology for Insulin Determination","authors":"Ping Yao, Tongyu Xu, S. Tung","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641565","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a pneumatic microfluidic device was designed and fabricated using an extrusion-based 3D printer for insulin detection. Compared to the conventional PDMS-based microfabrication for microfluidic devices, 3D-printed fabrication procedure is timesaving by eliminating molding and bonding steps. The printed material is the flexible, semi-transparent and inexpensive silicone. The monitoring of serum insulin level is important as it enables a much early prediction of the occurrence of type II diabetes when compared to glucose monitoring. The present work provides an effective technical approach to realize the fabrication of low-cost microfluidic devices for efficient reagent mixing in microscale biochemical detection systems.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134422600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cell Chiral Orientation Enhanced by Intercellular Alignment","authors":"Hoi Kwan Kwong, Yaozhun Huang, Yuanye Bao, Miu-Ling Lam, Ting-Hsuan Chen","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641654","url":null,"abstract":"Cells exhibit chiral orientation on micropatterned stripes, which reflects the development of left-right (LR) asymmetry in tissue microarchitecture. We previously reported a dependence of cell chirality on substrate stiffness, as more cells oriented with negative angles on glass but not on PDMS substrate. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, using an image processing method which automates segmentation of individual nucleus, we found that enhanced chirality correlates with an increased intercellular alignment on glass substrate. More interestingly, comparing image with low cell density (< 50,000 cells/cm2) to high cell density (> 180,000 cells/cm2), the increased cell density does not improve the intercellular alignment but only reduces the distance between neighbouring cells, making the chirality independent of density range of tests.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123521414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterizing A549 Cell Line as an Epithelial Cell Monolayer Model for Pharmacokinetic Applications","authors":"T. S. Frost, Linan Jiang, Y. Zohar","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641558","url":null,"abstract":"Transport of three different molecules across a porous membrane, with and without a confluent A549 cell monolayer, has been investigated in Transwells and microfluidic devices. The A549 cell line was selected since it has extensively been utilized in toxicology studies due to its potential target for drug delivery of macro molecules. The measured molecular transport rate was found to decrease with increasing molecular size due to lower diffusivity. The confluent cell monolayer presents a barrier to molecular, significantly reducing the transport rate of larger molecules with little effect on the paracellular transport of smaller molecules. The results indicate that the microfluidic system is a good model for pharmacokinetic applications.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129087104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanics of Microneedle-Based Fluid Injection into Skin Tissue","authors":"Pranav Shrestha, B. Stoeber","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641635","url":null,"abstract":"Hollow microneedles are a promising alternative to conventional drug delivery techniques such as oral drug administration and hypodermic injections, and are used for delivering drugs and therapeutics into the skin. Hollow microneedles can improve patient compliance and potentially reduce the required drug dose due to the dose-sparing effect of the skin. However, the mechanics of fluid flow into the skin have not been visualized mainly because the skin is a highly scattering biological material. Here, we report the results from ex-vivo injection experiments into excised porcine skin tissue using hollow microneedles and introduce the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for real-time imaging of skin tissue at the micro-scale during intradermal injections. The OCT images are analyzed to measure the distribution of strain in cross-sections of the tissue and to compute correlation maps showing that the skin tissue behaves like a deformable porous medium and absorbs fluid by locally expanding. Our experimental results, relating tissue deformation to fluid flow, can guide theoretical models of fluid flow into biological porous medium and help optimize microneedle-based intradermal drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121522147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. S. Man, Siying Wu, Tiffany Ng, Fu Kin Ho, Ting-Hsuan Chen
{"title":"Reconstitution of Inherent Left-Right Asymmetry in Skeletal Myogenesis","authors":"H. S. Man, Siying Wu, Tiffany Ng, Fu Kin Ho, Ting-Hsuan Chen","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641688","url":null,"abstract":"Inherent left-right (LR) asymmetry is commonly seen in tissue/organ microarchitecture. However, how to reconstitute such tissue morphogenesis remains elusive. Here we report a method to recapture the inherent LR asymmetry during myogenesis. C2C12 skeletal myoblasts were cultured and induced on micropatterned cell-adherent stripes with different stripe width ranging from 20 to 800 μm. Analysis of cell orientation revealed a significant LR bias on stripes with width of 50 and 80 μm before and after myogenic induction. Moreover, cells on such stripes also exhibited increased myotube formation, suggesting an optimized experimental condition for higher degree of myogenic differentiation with inherent LR-biased cell orientation. The result pave ways for reconstructing LR asymmetry in tissue morphogenesis in the future.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"43 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120878236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Paper-based Enzymatic Sensor Array for Visual Detection of Glucose Levels in Urine","authors":"M. Mohammadifar, Seokheun Choi","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641594","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a novel glucose sensor that enabled simple visual screening of specific glucose concentrations in urine. This non-invasive glucose biosensor integrated a disposable, paper-based sensing strip and a simple amplifier circuit with a visual readout. The paper sensor consisted of five enzyme-functionalized electrodes which were individually connected to a specifically designed LED indicator circuit with a predefined threshold value regarding glucose levels. The device features (i) low-cost paper-based glucose oxidase (GOX)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) sensing electrodes, (ii) simple signal amplification and (iii) on-site, rapid and visual detection. The sensor showed reliable, discrete visual responses for determination of five glucose levels (1, 2, 3, 4 and higher than 4 mM) in urine in less than 2 minutes. This sensor will address the limitations of conventional glucose measurements.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132576183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernando Ivich, Meagan Tran, Shekha Tahsin, S. Frank, Andrew Kraft, C. Miranti, Y. Zohar, Linan Jiang
{"title":"Application of a Microfluidic-Based Model of a Human Prostate Gland for Cancer Research","authors":"Fernando Ivich, Meagan Tran, Shekha Tahsin, S. Frank, Andrew Kraft, C. Miranti, Y. Zohar, Linan Jiang","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641586","url":null,"abstract":"A Microfluidic-based model of a human prostate gland has been developed featuring a 3D co-culture of epithelial and stromal cells. The model was used to investigate the effects of normal stroma on normal luminal epithelial cell differentiation, and to measure the ability of cancerous epithelium to convert normal stroma to cancer stroma. The ability of PIM1 kinase to induce cancer stroma was also tested in the model. The results demonstrate a promising potential of the model for cancer research applications.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"22 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131904255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Portable and Visual Electrobiochemical Sensor for Lactate Monitoring in Sweat","authors":"M. Mohammadifar, Seokheun Choi","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641665","url":null,"abstract":"We report a novel paper-based sensing strategy based on microbial electrochemical activities, in which a reusable voltage meter integrated with a read-out LED display monitors a self-powered transducing signal from a disposable paper-based sensing strip for lactate monitoring in sweat. This sensor strip self-produced an electrochemical potential difference when electricity-producing bacterial cells (or exoelectrogens) oxidized the biodegradable organic substrate, lactate, and transferred electrons to an electrode. Because the harvested electrons were based on their electrochemical energy conversion and were proportional to the lactate concentration, the voltage output through an external resistor could be used as a transducing signal for lactate monitoring in sweat. The output signal was easily readable with an inexpensive digital multimeter, which could be repeatedly connected to the disposable sensing strip. The LED display showed a linear range of output voltage at 0.0 ~ 40.0 mM lactate concentration (R2 =0.977) with a 100kΩ resistor. Thus, our new sensing system holds great promise in designing portable and low-cost sensors for point-of-care and daily applications.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129777762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasibility of X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography (XFCT) Imaging of Human Lung Tumors loaded with Gold Nanoparticles: A Monte Carlo Study","authors":"M. Ahmed, S. Jayarathna, S. Cho","doi":"10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANOMED.2018.8641551","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel Monte Carlo model of x-ray fluorescence (XRF) computed tomography (XFCT) imaging of human lung tumors loaded with gold nanoparticles (GNPs). In this model, the lung phantom derived from CT images was excited using a fan/cone beam of x-rays and the XRF/Scatter photons were detected using linear array detectors coupled with parallel-hole collimators. Whereas 1 wt. % GNP regions located at ~4–5 centimeter depths within the phantom could be detected reliably under the current conditions, it became challenging to detect such GNP regions present at deeper depths. Nevertheless, this study opened up the possibility to apply XFCT techniques for human lung cancer detection in conjunction with GNPs.","PeriodicalId":398305,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114763331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}