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Disability shocks near retirement age and financial well-being. 临近退休年龄和经济状况的残疾冲击。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Irena Dushi, Kalman Rupp
{"title":"Disability shocks near retirement age and financial well-being.","authors":"Irena Dushi,&nbsp;Kalman Rupp","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using Health and Retirement Study data, we examine three groups of adults aged 51-56 in 1992 with different disability experiences over 8 years. Our analysis reveals three major findings. First, people who started and stayed nondisabled experienced stable financial security, with improvement in household wealth despite labor force withdrawal. Second, the newly disabled--people who started as nondisabled but suffered a disability shock--experienced increased poverty rates and decreased median incomes. Average earnings loss was the greatest for them, with public and private benefits replacing less than half of the loss, whereas increased public health insurance coverage alleviated reduced private health insurance coverage. The newly disabled experienced improvement in household wealth, although at a lower rate compared with those who stayed nondisabled. Third, people who started and stayed disabled were behind at the baseline and have fallen further behind on most measures, except for improvement in health insurance coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 3","pages":"23-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31906799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mortality differentials by lifetime earnings decile: implications for evaluations of proposed Social Security law changes. 按终生收入十分位数计算的死亡率差异:对拟议的社会保障法变更评估的影响。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Hilary Waldron
{"title":"Mortality differentials by lifetime earnings decile: implications for evaluations of proposed Social Security law changes.","authors":"Hilary Waldron","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the distributional effects of some proposed Social Security law changes, such as an increase in Social Security's early entitlement age, retirement policy analysts typically tabulate the number of workers who fall below a predetermined threshold of hardship. Analysts using this technique often implicitly assume that the insured population falls neatly into a low-earnings poor health group and a remaining good health group. If the hardship threshold assumption is correct, there should be no difference in mortality risk between lifetime earnings deciles above a hardship threshold. This study finds that the hardship threshold model is overwhelmingly rejected in US Social Security data, a result consistent with similar studies conducted in Canada, Germany, and England. The bottom 80-95 percent of the male lifetime earnings distribution exhibits an inverse correlation with regard to mortality risk (the higher the earnings, the lower the mortality risk) at ages 63-71.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 1","pages":"1-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31443655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevalence, characteristics, and poverty status of Supplemental Security Income multirecipients. 补充保障收入多领人群的流行、特征和贫困状况。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Joyce Nicholas
{"title":"Prevalence, characteristics, and poverty status of Supplemental Security Income multirecipients.","authors":"Joyce Nicholas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Multirecipients\" are people who receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments while living with other recipients (not including an SSI-eligible spouse). Using Social Security Administration records matched to Current Population Survey data for 2005, this article examines multirecipients' personal, family, household, and economic characteristics. I find that no more than 20 percent of the 2005 SSI population were multirecipients. Most multirecipients were adults, lived with one other recipient, and/or shared their homes with related recipients. Multirecipients were generally less likely to be poor than SSI recipients as a whole; but those who were children, lived with one other recipient, and/or shared their homes with a nonrecipient were more likely to be poor. Implementing sliding-scale SSI benefit reductions for children in multirecipient households would affect about 23 percent of multirecipients, or about 5 percent of all SSI recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 3","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31906797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychosocial factors and financial literacy. 社会心理因素和金融知识。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
John L Murphy
{"title":"Psychosocial factors and financial literacy.","authors":"John L Murphy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study uses data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to analyze the psychological and social variables associated with financial literacy. The HRS is a nationally representative longitudinal survey of individuals older than age 50 and their spouses. An ordinary least squares linear regression analysis explores the relationship between financial literacy and several economic and psychosocial variables. After controlling for earnings, level of education, and other socioeconomic variables in this exploratory study, I find that financial satisfaction and religiosity are correlated with financial literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 1","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31442070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pension plan participation among married couples. 已婚夫妇参加养老金计划。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Irena Dushi, Howard M Iams
{"title":"Pension plan participation among married couples.","authors":"Irena Dushi,&nbsp;Howard M Iams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present descriptive statistics on pension participation and types of pensions among married couples, using data from the 1996/2008 Panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation and Social Security administrative records. Previous research has focused on pension coverage by marital status, but has not examined couples as a unit. Because couples usually share income, viewing them as a unit provides a better picture of potential access to income from retirement plans. Our analysis compares 1998 and 2009 data because substantial changes occurred in the pension landscape over this decade that could have influenced the prevalence of different pension plans, although we observe modest changes in participation rates and types of plans over the period. We find that in 20 percent of couples, neither spouse participated in a pension plan; in 10 percent, the wife was the only participant; and in 37 percent, the husband was the only participant.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 3","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31906804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of retirement account distributions on measures of family income. 退休帐户分配对家庭收入的影响。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Howard M Iams, Patrick J Purcell
{"title":"The impact of retirement account distributions on measures of family income.","authors":"Howard M Iams,&nbsp;Patrick J Purcell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, employers have increasingly replaced defined benefit (DB) pensions with defined contribution (DC) retirement accounts for their employees. DB plans provide annuities, or lifetime benefits paid at regular intervals. The timing and amounts of DC distributions, however, may vary widely. Most surveys that provide data on the family income of the aged either collect no data on nonannuity retirement account distributions, or exclude such distributions from their summary measures of family income. We use Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) data for 2009 to estimate the impact of including retirement account distributions on total family income calculations. We find that about one-fifth of aged families received distributions from retirement accounts in 2009. Measured mean income for those families would be about 15 percent higher and median income would be 18 percent higher if those distributions were included in the SIPP summary measure of family income.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 2","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31273039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contribution dynamics in defined contribution pension plans during the great recession of 2007-2009. 2007-2009年经济大衰退期间固定缴款养老金计划的缴款动态。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Irena Dushi, Howard M Iams, Christopher R Tamborini
{"title":"Contribution dynamics in defined contribution pension plans during the great recession of 2007-2009.","authors":"Irena Dushi,&nbsp;Howard M Iams,&nbsp;Christopher R Tamborini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate changes in workers' participation and contributions to defined contribution (DC) plans during the Great Recession of 2007-2009. Using longitudinal information from W-2 tax records matched to a nationally representative sample of respondents from the Survey ofl Income and Program Participation, we find that the recent economic downturn had a considerable impact on workers' participation and contributions to DC plans. Thirty-nine percent of 2007 participants decreased contributions to DC plans by more than 10 percent during the Great Recession. Our findings highlight the interrelationship between the dynamics in DC contributions and earnings changes. Participants experiencing a decrease in earnings of more than 10 percent were not only more likely to stop contributing by 2009 than those with stable earnings (30 percent versus 9 percent), but they also decreased their contributions substantially (-$1,839 versus -$129). The proportion of workers who decreased or stopped contributions during the crisis exceeded the proportion observed prior to it (2005-2007).</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 2","pages":"85-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31273040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outcome variation in the social security disability insurance program: the role of primary diagnoses. 社会保障残障保险项目的结果差异:初级诊断的作用。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Javier Meseguer
{"title":"Outcome variation in the social security disability insurance program: the role of primary diagnoses.","authors":"Javier Meseguer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the adjudicative process, the author classifies claimant-level data over an 8-year period (1997-2004) into four mutually exclusive categories: (1) initial allowances, (2) initial denials not appealed, (3) final allowances, and (4) final denials. The ability to predict those outcomes is explored within a multilevel modeling framework, with applicants clustered by state and primary diagnosis code. Variance decomposition suggests that medical diagnoses play a substantial role in explaining individual-level variation in initial allowances. Moreover, there is statistically significant high positive correlation between the predictions of an initial allowance and a final allowance across the diagnoses. This finding suggests that the ordinal ranking of impairments between these two adjudicative outcomes is widely preserved. In other words, impairments with a higher expectation of an initial allowance also tend to have a higher expectation of a final allowance.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 2","pages":"39-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31632737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social Security income measurement in two surveys. 社会保障收入在两项调查中的测量。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Howard M Iams, Patrick J Purcell
{"title":"Social Security income measurement in two surveys.","authors":"Howard M Iams,&nbsp;Patrick J Purcell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a major source of income for retired persons in the United States, Social Security benefits directly influence economic well-being. That fact underscores the importance of measuring Social Security income accurately in household surveys. Using Social Security Administration (SSA) records, we examine Social Security income as reported in two Census Bureau surveys, the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and the Current Population Survey (CPS). Although SSA usually deducts Medicare premiums from benefit payments, both the CPS and the SIPP aim to collect and record gross Social Security benefit amounts (before Medicare premium deductions). We find that the Social Security benefit recorded in the CPS closely approximates the gross benefit recorded for CPS respondents in SSA's records, but the Social Security benefit recorded in the SIPP more closely approximates SSA's record of net benefit payments (after deducting Medicare premiums).</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 3","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31906795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Youth transitioning out of foster care: an evaluation of a Supplemental Security Income policy change. 从寄养过渡的青少年:对补充保障收入政策变化的评估。
Social Security Bulletin Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Laura King, Aneer Rukh-Kamaa
{"title":"Youth transitioning out of foster care: an evaluation of a Supplemental Security Income policy change.","authors":"Laura King,&nbsp;Aneer Rukh-Kamaa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Youths with disabilities face numerous challenges when they transition to adulthood. Those who are aging out of foster care face the additional challenge of losing their foster care benefits, although some will be eligible for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments after foster care ceases. However, the time needed to process SSI applications exposes those youths to a potential gap in the receipt of benefits as they move between foster care and SSI. We evaluate the effects of a 2010 Social Security Administration policy change that allows such youths to apply for SSI payments 60 days earlier than the previous policy allowed. The change provides additional time for processing claims before the applicant ages out of the foster care system. We examine administrative records on SSI applications from before and after the policy change to determine if the change has decreased the gap between benefits for the target population.</p>","PeriodicalId":39542,"journal":{"name":"Social Security Bulletin","volume":"73 3","pages":"53-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31906805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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