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Does Spending Slide When COVID-19 Surges? 当COVID-19激增时，支出会下滑吗?
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2021-10-07 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20211007
Joel A. Elvery, M. Oleson
{"title":"Does Spending Slide When COVID-19 Surges?","authors":"Joel A. Elvery, M. Oleson","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20211007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20211007","url":null,"abstract":"In his press conference after the July 2021 Federal Open Market Committee meeting, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell stated that “[W]ith successive waves of COVID...there has tended to be...less in the way of economic implications from each wave. And we will see whether that is the case with the delta variety” (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 2021). In this District Data Brief, we show that state-level data suggest that, indeed, economic implications from the latest wave have been less than those from the fall 2020 wave. While there has been some consumer response to the delta-variant-driven COVID-19 surge, it has been weaker than the response to the fall 2020 COVID-19 surge.","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127202182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Large Are the American Rescue Plan Fund Distributions to State and Local Governments? 美国救援计划基金分配给州和地方政府的规模有多大?
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20210930
S. Whitaker
{"title":"How Large Are the American Rescue Plan Fund Distributions to State and Local Governments?","authors":"S. Whitaker","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20210930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20210930","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the American Rescue Plan, $350 billion will be distributed to state and local governments to help speed the nation’s economic recovery from the pandemic. Will these allocations be modest, or will they create a once-in-a-generation opportunity?","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123164202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strong Demand, Limited Supply, and Rising Prices: The Economics of Pandemic-Era Housing 强劲的需求，有限的供应和不断上涨的价格:大流行时期的住房经济学
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20210929
Julianne Dunn, Isabel A. Brizuela
{"title":"Strong Demand, Limited Supply, and Rising Prices: The Economics of Pandemic-Era Housing","authors":"Julianne Dunn, Isabel A. Brizuela","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20210929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20210929","url":null,"abstract":"When the coronavirus pandemic began, many feared the housing market would collapse as it did in the mid-2000s. Instead, the industry has struggled to keep up with an influx of demand for homes, leading to rapidly rising prices. What’s next for residential real estate and construction?","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116674589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Migrants from High-Cost, Large Metro Areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Their Destinations, and How Many Could Follow 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间来自高成本大城市的移民，他们的目的地，以及有多少人可能会跟随
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.26509/FRBC-DDB-20210325
S. Whitaker
{"title":"Migrants from High-Cost, Large Metro Areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Their Destinations, and How Many Could Follow","authors":"S. Whitaker","doi":"10.26509/FRBC-DDB-20210325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/FRBC-DDB-20210325","url":null,"abstract":"When the COVID-19 pandemic forced tens of millions of people to work remotely, some chose to relocate out of high-cost, large metro areas. Did people move to cheaper metros or give up in city living altogether? How many will follow in their footsteps, and what could their relocating mean for the places they choose?","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123648925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Were Fourth District Local Governments Ready for a Recession? How the Great Recession Influenced How Much They Save 第四区地方政府为经济衰退做好准备了吗?大衰退如何影响他们的储蓄
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2020-10-22 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20201022
S. Whitaker, Cornelius C. Johnson
{"title":"Were Fourth District Local Governments Ready for a Recession? How the Great Recession Influenced How Much They Save","authors":"S. Whitaker, Cornelius C. Johnson","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20201022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20201022","url":null,"abstract":"Did the Great Recession give local governments a better idea of how much savings they needed to weather another economic downturn? To find out, our economists studied financial statements from 25 cities and 25 counties in the Fourth District at two points in time: the most recent statements available and at the close of the 2007, just before the Great Recession.","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125239403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Layoffs during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Four Findings from WARN Act Data COVID-19大流行期间的裁员:来自WARN法案数据的四项发现
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2020-08-27 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200827
Rubén Hernández-Murillo, Pawel M. Krolikowski
{"title":"Layoffs during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Four Findings from WARN Act Data","authors":"Rubén Hernández-Murillo, Pawel M. Krolikowski","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200827","url":null,"abstract":"With economic conditions changing so rapidly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the standard layoff indicators that policymakers and analysts use are falling short. Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act data—a more timely indicator—reveal four findings about job loss during this pandemic.","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114955608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
How Much Help Do State and Local Governments Need? Updated Estimates of Revenue Losses from Pandemic Mitigation 州和地方政府需要多少帮助?大流行缓解带来的收入损失的最新估计
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200629
S. Whitaker
{"title":"How Much Help Do State and Local Governments Need? Updated Estimates of Revenue Losses from Pandemic Mitigation","authors":"S. Whitaker","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200629","url":null,"abstract":"In this data brief, the author estimates that state and local governments have lost $141 billion of revenue from all sources in fiscal year 2020 (FY20) due to the COVID-19 mitigation shutdowns. Under three scenarios of increasing severity, the author estimates that state and local governments will need to cut expenditures by between $59 billion and $350 billion in fiscal year 2021 (FY21) to offset impending loses of revenue.","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123116095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Getting to Accuracy: Measuring COVID-19 by Mortality Rates and Percentage Changes 实现准确性：通过死亡率和百分比变化衡量 COVID-19
Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200408
Joel A. Elvery
{"title":"Getting to Accuracy: Measuring COVID-19 by Mortality Rates and Percentage Changes","authors":"Joel A. Elvery","doi":"10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-ddb-20200408","url":null,"abstract":"Relying on confirmed cases to compare the trajectory of the COVID-19 epidemic in different countries has significant limitations. Measuring mortality rates and their percentage changes proves to be a superior way to track the progression of the disease. The method shows that, as of April 5, the epidemic in the United States has a similar mortality rate to those in Europe and is more deadly than in China and South Korea.","PeriodicalId":395420,"journal":{"name":"Cleveland Fed District Data Briefs","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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