{"title":"Hotel flash sales consumers: Who are they?","authors":"K. Berezina, K. Semrad, A. Tasci, C. Cobanoglu","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.077022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077022","url":null,"abstract":"Although flash sales are currently a ubiquitous phenomenon in consumption of many products, including tourism and hospitality products and services, there is a lack of empirical evidence that identifies the types of consumer profiles purchasing flash sales deals. In an effort to fill this void, a total of 358 participants were surveyed to define those personality traits that contribute to the use of hotel flash sales. The study presents a first attempt to empirically assess the psychographic profile of hotel flash sales consumers, and provides important managerial implications based on those profiles. Results reveal that hotel flash sales consumers were more likely to be quality conscious, variety-seekers, and market mavens when compared to other consumers. In addition, and contrary to hotel managers' assumptions that flash sales consumers are price conscious, no profile difference was observed between these and other consumers.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"127-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An examination of popular pricing and price framing techniques in the hospitality industry and directions for future research","authors":"A. Mattila, Y. Gao","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.077019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077019","url":null,"abstract":"Pricing in the hospitality industry is significantly different from pricing in the traditional consumer goods market. This paper focuses on price framing and customer reactions to different price presentation formats. Specifically, we highlight seven types of pricing strategies that are commonly used in the hospitality industry, namely price endings/odd pricing, discounts framing, best available rate (BAR), package/bundling, participative pricing strategy such as name-your-own-price (NYOP) and pay-what-you-want (PWYW), and flash deals/daily deals. We offer several propositions that might sparkle interest among hospitality researchers.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"175-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hotel strategic pricing in Europe: a 10-year exploration of competition","authors":"C. Enz, Linda Canina, J. Rest","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.077016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077016","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effects of competitor pricing levels on relative revenue among over 4000 hotels in Europe over a 10-year period (2004-2013). This sample of European hotels, which included both independent and chain-affiliated properties, achieved higher revenue per available room (RevPAR) than direct competitors when they positioned their hotels with comparatively higher prices. These data revealed that regardless of the economic situation of the time period, hotels that positioned with average daily rates (ADRs) above those of their direct competitors benefited from higher relative RevPAR even though they experienced lower comparative occupancies. This finding was stronger for chain-affiliated vs. independent hotels. Maintaining a consistent relative price over time did not significantly affect revenue performance, controlling for hotel type and location. As is the case with previous, similar studies, the findings argue for a firm, strategic approach to pricing, rather than a reactive or strictly tactical approach.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"17 1","pages":"92-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic pricing in hospitality: overview and opportunities","authors":"C. Anderson, Xiaoqing Xie","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.077029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077029","url":null,"abstract":"While dynamic pricing as a discipline is well developed and a critical aspect of many approaches to revenue management it remains relatively underdeveloped in hospitality applications. In the following we outline the distinctions between variable and dynamic pricing and highlight their role within revenue management. We provide an overview of dynamic pricing research within hospitality with a focus on the dynamic pricing of hotel rooms. In our discussion of dynamic pricing research, we focus on how this research relates to the current state of hotel room pricing. Through the linkage of research to practice we are able to highlight opportunities for future dynamic pricing research efforts within hospitality specifically.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revenue management, hedonic pricing models and the effects of operational attributes","authors":"D. Bacon, Ali Besharat, H. Parsa, Scott J. Smith","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.077031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077031","url":null,"abstract":"Utilising secondary data, the present study investigated the effect of operational attributes and product type (cuisine) on the price that consumers paid in restaurants. Contrary to the commonly held belief, food quality generally had the lowest impact on price. High-end restaurants differed significantly from low-end restaurants on the effect of food, service and ambiance quality on the price that consumers paid. Study results clearly indicated that high-end restaurants displayed a concave curve in all three operational attributes in relation to increasing price points. For low-end restaurants, the curves of operational attributes were either horizontal or convex in relation to increasing price points.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"147-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.077031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le Hou, Dimitris Samaras, Tahsin M Kurc, Yi Gao, James E Davis, Joel H Saltz
{"title":"Patch-based Convolutional Neural Network for Whole Slide Tissue Image Classification.","authors":"Le Hou, Dimitris Samaras, Tahsin M Kurc, Yi Gao, James E Davis, Joel H Saltz","doi":"10.1109/CVPR.2016.266","DOIUrl":"10.1109/CVPR.2016.266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are state-of-the-art models for many image classification tasks. However, to recognize cancer subtypes automatically, training a CNN on gigapixel resolution Whole Slide Tissue Images (WSI) is currently computationally impossible. The differentiation of cancer subtypes is based on cellular-level visual features observed on image patch scale. Therefore, we argue that in this situation, training a patch-level classifier on image patches will perform better than or similar to an image-level classifier. The challenge becomes how to intelligently combine patch-level classification results and model the fact that not all patches will be discriminative. We propose to train a decision fusion model to aggregate patch-level predictions given by patch-level CNNs, which to the best of our knowledge has not been shown before. Furthermore, we formulate a novel Expectation-Maximization (EM) based method that automatically locates discriminative patches robustly by utilizing the spatial relationships of patches. We apply our method to the classification of glioma and non-small-cell lung carcinoma cases into subtypes. The classification accuracy of our method is similar to the inter-observer agreement between pathologists. Although it is impossible to train CNNs on WSIs, we experimentally demonstrate using a comparable non-cancer dataset of smaller images that a patch-based CNN can outperform an image-based CNN.</p>","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"2424-2433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5085270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74318584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced sales and competition in a service industry","authors":"Miquel Carreras-Simó","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.076142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076142","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the relationship between a firms' interest in advance sales and the competition intensity in the market when consumers adopt a strategic behaviour in purchasing. We demonstrate how firms in a more competitive market have more incentives to offer advance sales. When a firm increases their advanced sales, the profits of last-minute sales go down; therefore, a firm will aim to sell in advance until the expected profit on the margin for advanced sales equals the marginal profit lost for last-minute sales. When competition goes up, the marginal profit lost at last-minute market for increase advanced sales goes down, so it is in the firms' best interest to increase advanced sales and to decrease last-minute sales. Therefore, competition encourages advanced sales.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model selection for merger and acquisition analysis in Asian emerging markets","authors":"Jianyu Ma, Mingzhai Geng, Yun Chu","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.076183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076183","url":null,"abstract":"We extract a dataset of mergers and acquisitions from Asian emerging markets and examine the distribution of the stock returns for the acquiring firm and the corresponding market portfolio in each deal. Non-normal distribution of the returns appears in the test of most deals. We use two robust regressions and a nonparametric statistic test to examine the efficacy of the standard OLS market model. The traditional methods of measuring abnormal returns (ARs) around event windows may be flawed. The robust regressions, Huber regression M-estimator and bootstrapping quantile regression, provide better and higher estimation of abnormal returns.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"40-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mathematical model for revenue management under oligopolistic competition","authors":"N. Masruroh, Y. Mulyani","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.076180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076180","url":null,"abstract":"Revenue management (RM) models have been developed for products characterised as perishable with fixed capacity. This paper proposes mathematical models for RM under oligopolistic competition, using price as the sole factor that affects demand. These models are developed based on two different conditions. First, the competition among players is explicitly under deterministic and stochastic conditions with three possible scenarios namely deterministic oligopoly, sequential oligopoly and extended duopoly are evaluated. Second, the oligopoly competition is explained using customer valuation to capture demand changes towards price fluctuation. The models are then integrated with quantity-based RM to form the revenue model. Optimal pricing strategy is evaluated using game theory approach. All models are developed based on empirical case for hotel RM. The result shows that the model, which is developed using N-player game theory with 'cartel against single player' formation, is the most representative model with consistent ability to predict the actual system.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"17-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An exploratory study of price movements along booking profiles in the airline industry in the Indian domestic market","authors":"Goutam Dutta, Sumitro Santra","doi":"10.1504/IJRM.2016.076186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076186","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we analyse the price movements of the Indian domestic airline industry. In the first part, we conduct a detailed econometric analysis of five selected domestic routes. In the second part, we study the effect of time interval (of the day of booking to day of departure) and the weekend effect on the average airfare. Our exploratory research suggests that, on the same route in the same time window, there is strong positive correlation among the prices of different airlines in most of the cases. It also shows that the price competition steps up airfares as the departure date comes closer and weekend airfares are higher than weekday airfares. The application of revenue management and dynamic pricing (RMDP) strategy is a common practice in the Indian domestic airline industry.","PeriodicalId":39519,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Revenue Management","volume":"9 1","pages":"72-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJRM.2016.076186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66705675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}