Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era最新文献

Introductory Chapter: Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era: Are We There Yet? 引言:在后基因组时代保护稻谷:我们到了吗?

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-10-02 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.86390

Yulin Jia

引用次数: 0

Smart Nutrition Management of Rice Crop under Climate Change Environment 气候变化环境下水稻作物的智能营养管理

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-09-09 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.86094

Rai Mukkram Ali Tahir, Noor-us-Sabah, M. Afzal, G. Sarwar, I. R. Noorka

{"title":"Smart Nutrition Management of Rice Crop under Climate Change Environment","authors":"Rai Mukkram Ali Tahir, Noor-us-Sabah, M. Afzal, G. Sarwar, I. R. Noorka","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.86094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86094","url":null,"abstract":"Soil fertility and plant nutrition remained main pillars of agricultural sciences in twentieth century. However, due to recent interest in achievement of sustainability and restricted natural resources, importance of soil fertility and plant nutrition is expected to be increased many folds in twenty-first century. Therefore, increasing rice crop yield under such scenario will require judicious and efficient use of mineral sources of nutrient with combination of natural resources, recycling of bioavailable nutrients, and genetic modification of crops for efficient nutrient utilization. There is an increasing pressure on agricultural land to produce sufficient amount of food needed to feed the growing global population. The pressure is associated with chang-ing weather patterns related to fluctuations in rainfall and temperature, supply of fertilizers inflating price associated with energy demand, which is very closely linked with weather patterns and reducing soil fertility. Increasing rice yield under these constraints will require a rational use of chemical fertilizers with increase the use of natural resources of nutrition, recycling of plant available nutrients, and an exploitation of the genetic potential of crop species to make efficient use of nutrients a key feature to establish smart plant nutrition management in the recent global climate change scenario.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114209225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Toxic Potential ofBacillus thuringiensis: An Overview 苏云金芽孢杆菌的毒性潜力综述

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85756

David Fernández-Chapa, Jesica M Ramírez-Villalobos, L. Galán-Wong

{"title":"Toxic Potential ofBacillus thuringiensis: An Overview","authors":"David Fernández-Chapa, Jesica M Ramírez-Villalobos, L. Galán-Wong","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85756","url":null,"abstract":"The toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have shown great potential in the control of harmful insects affecting human health and agriculture, used as the main biological agent for the formulation of bioinsecticides due to its specificity to target different insects’ orders. This has led Bt-based products to become the best-selling biological insecticides in the world since the genes encoding insecticidal proteins have been successfully used in novel insecticidal formulation, genetically engineered (GE) crops, and development of transgenic rice that produce insecticidal toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis. It has been proven that insecticidal activity of Bt protein crystals can prolong their toxicity in shelf life or field under specific conditions, and this can improve the use of special strains and formulations to control insect vectors of diseases. Bt toxins have shown well-documented toxicity against lepidopterans, coleopterans, hemipterans, dipterans, nematodes, Rhabditida and human cancer cells of various origins. These crystal toxins may be responsible for other novel biological properties suggesting a pluripotential nature with different specificities.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124125714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A Toolbox for Managing Blast and Sheath Blight Diseases of Rice in the United States of America 美国水稻稻瘟病和纹枯病管理工具箱

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86901

Yulin Jia, M. Jia, Xueyan Wang, Haijun Zhao

{"title":"A Toolbox for Managing Blast and Sheath Blight Diseases of Rice in the United States of America","authors":"Yulin Jia, M. Jia, Xueyan Wang, Haijun Zhao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86901","url":null,"abstract":"Rice blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and rice sheath blight disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani are two major hurdles for stable rice production worldwide. Presently, fungicides are still needed to manage these two devastating fungal pathogens. After two decades of research efforts, a toolbox has been assembled with the following components: (1) insight into pathogen genomic identity and pathogen avirulence (AVR) genes that can be used to enhance plant breeding; (2) new mapping populations and germplasm and genetic stocks that can be used as starting materials to identify effective host resistance (R) genes; (3) user-friendly disease evaluation methods that can be used to accelerate the identification and utilization of R genes; (4) validated effective R genes that are readily available for improving genetic resistance; (5) host genetic markers that can be used to accelerate the development of new resistant germplasms/cultivars; and (6) an improved understanding of resistance mechanisms that can facilitate the engineering of resistance in commercial varieties. Appropriate employment of these tools in breeding and crop protection will reduce production costs and create an environmentally benign, sustainable rice production system.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127225333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Disease Resistance and Susceptibility Genes to Bacterial Blight of Rice 水稻白叶枯病的抗病易感基因

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86126

T. Mahmood, F. White

{"title":"Disease Resistance and Susceptibility Genes to Bacterial Blight of Rice","authors":"T. Mahmood, F. White","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86126","url":null,"abstract":"Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a valuable resource for understanding the complex processes controlling yield and value-added traits. Bacterial blight (BB) is a vascular disease of rice, caused by strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo ) and provides insight, both practical and basic, into the concepts of susceptibility and resistance. Basic knowledge has been empirically and, more recently, intentionally exploited for broad and durable resistance to the disease. Bacterial blight involves representatives of most classes of resistance genes ( R genes) and pathways for basal plant immunity. The study of BB also revealed novelties not observed in other models, possibly due to the long history of rice cultivation and the constant disease pressure. Conspicuous are the recessive R genes that target the notorious type III Transcription Activator-like effectors (TALes) of Xoo . Results indicate that pathogen and host are currently in a battle over a small patch of ground involving TALes function. At the same time, analyses of rice disease physiology are adding to a growing body of knowledge for plant disease processes and to how these processes are intertwined with disease susceptibility. The basic processes of BB present rich targets for the rapid advances in genome editing.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126451726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Formulation and Nutritional Assessment of Recipes En Route for Awareness of Coarse Rice Consumption 提高粗米消费意识的配方配方及营养评估

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-05-11 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85628

A. Arun

引用次数: 0

Protecting Rice Grains from Arsenic Toxicity through Cultural Management: Bangladesh Perspective 通过文化管理保护水稻免受砷毒性:孟加拉国的观点

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85909

Aziz Abdul

{"title":"Protecting Rice Grains from Arsenic Toxicity through Cultural Management: Bangladesh Perspective","authors":"Aziz Abdul","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85909","url":null,"abstract":"In 1997, arsenicosis was reported as a result of ingesting arsenic-containing rice grown in arsenic (As)-rich soil, irrigated with high As water from shallow tube wells (STW) and deep tube wells (DTW) in Bangladesh. Of the 4 million ha irrigated fields, 60% were under STW and 15% under DTW waters; almost all were arsenic contaminated in varying quantities since they were used. In the present study, it was determined that irrigation from STW water having 500 µg As/l produced rice grains with 2.56 mg As/kg in a field with initial 3.21 mg/kg soil, leaving 8.27 mg/kg soil compared to pond water irrigation where only roots absorbed 0.105 ± 0.069 mg As/kg leaving ≤2.6 mg/kg soil. About 2.5 mg As/kg soil may be considered a safe level for arsenic-free rice cultivation. Bio-mitigation of the STW water using duckweed (DW) ( Spirodela polyrhiza ) was expensive and disposal in various ways of As-loaded DW produced was hazardous returning arsenic to ecosystems. Alternative to the groundwater (GW), surface water can be made available by constructing rubber dams and converting rivers into surface water reservoirs to overcome the arsenic toxicity and protecting rice and other grains, integrating aquaculture of the DW and Azolla pinnata var. pinnata for fish and poultry feeds. Permanent solution could be achieved executing “Delta Plan 2100” saying “No to groundwater use for irrigation, let the Arsenic stay in the underground”.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132112923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Genetics and Breeding System for Cytoplasmic and Genetic Male Sterility in Rice 水稻细胞质和遗传雄性不育的遗传育种体系

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-03-20 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85191

C. Guzman, J. Oard

{"title":"Genetics and Breeding System for Cytoplasmic and Genetic Male Sterility in Rice","authors":"C. Guzman, J. Oard","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85191","url":null,"abstract":"The initial discovery of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) three-line system made it possible to produce hybrids that significantly increase rice yields compared to its inbred counterparts. Further genetic and molecular studies help elucidate the mechanisms involved in CMS male sterility. Additional CMS types were also discovered with similar genetic control from wild sources by interspecific hybridization. While the three-line system was a success, the two line system using photoperiod genetic male sterile (PGMS), thermosensitive genetic male sterile (TGMS) and photoperiod and thermosensitive genetic male sterile (PTGMS) were becoming more popular due to the ease in breeding and with more hybrid combinations generated compared to the CMS types. Inheritance and molecular studies showed that the trait is controlled by one or more recessive genes depending on the genetic background and environmental conditions. Due to the sensitivity of the lines to temperature and/or photoperiod, unique breeding procedures were followed. Methods involved the use of growth chamber, timing of planting, and selection of suitable locations. These practices successfully maintained sterility for hybrid seed production or reversion to fertility for seed multiplication of parental male sterile lines.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123856588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Evaluation of Resistance of US Rice Breeding Lines to the Rice Blast Pathogen 美国水稻品种对稻瘟病病菌的抗性评价

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-03-15 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84980

C. Feng, J. Correll

{"title":"Evaluation of Resistance of US Rice Breeding Lines to the Rice Blast Pathogen","authors":"C. Feng, J. Correll","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84980","url":null,"abstract":"Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (anamorph: Pyricularia oryzae ), is a ubiquitous disease that threatens rice production in the USA and worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is the most economical and effective way to manage this disease. Multiple races exist in the M. oryzae population in the USA. It is necessary to know the resistance spectrum of rice cultivars to the prevalent rice blast races in the areas where they are grown. Twelve isolates of M. oryzae collected from the southern US rice-growing region were used in this study. The genetic diversity of these isolates was evaluated with genetic and molecular methods, and the pathogenicity to different rice blast resistance genes was determined by the disease reaction of two sets of near-isogenic lines containing one blast R gene per line. From 2005 to 2016, about 200 Uniform Regional Rice Nursery (URRN) breeding lines have been tested with 9–12 reference isolates annually, and a total of 2377 breeding lines have been tested. The varieties with good resistance to rice blast disease have been identified. The results could be useful for the management of rice blast disease in the southern US rice production area.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128559712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Strategies for Managing Bacterial Panicle Blight in Rice 水稻白叶枯病的可持续防治策略

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-02-26 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84882

Xin‐Gen Zhou

{"title":"Sustainable Strategies for Managing Bacterial Panicle Blight in Rice","authors":"Xin‐Gen Zhou","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84882","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) is present in more than 18 countries and has become a global disease in rice. BPB is highly destructive and can cause significant losses of up to 75% in yield and milling quality. BPB is caused by Burkholderia glumae or B. gladioli, with the former being the primary cause of the disease. Outbreaks of BPB are triggered by conditions of high temperatures in combination with high relative humidity at heading. The disease cycle starts with primary infections from infected seed, soil, and irrigation water, and subsequent secondary infections result from rain splash and panicle contact. Limited management options are available for control of BPB. There are only several cultivars including hybrids with partial resistance available currently. Twelve quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the partial resistance have been identified. Oxolinic acid is an effective antibacterial compound for control of BPB in Japan, but it is not labeled for use on rice in the USA and many other countries. Sustainable control of BPB relies on integrated use of available management strategies of exclusion, genetic resistance, chemical control, biocontrol, and cultural practice. Developing and use of resistant cultivars is the best strategy to minimize the damage caused by BPB and maximize rice production in the long term.","PeriodicalId":394773,"journal":{"name":"Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122046800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15