Toxic Potential ofBacillus thuringiensis: An Overview

Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI:10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85756

David Fernández-Chapa, Jesica M Ramírez-Villalobos, L. Galán-Wong

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引用次数: 9

Abstract

The toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have shown great potential in the control of harmful insects affecting human health and agriculture, used as the main biological agent for the formulation of bioinsecticides due to its specificity to target different insects’ orders. This has led Bt-based products to become the best-selling biological insecticides in the world since the genes encoding insecticidal proteins have been successfully used in novel insecticidal formulation, genetically engineered (GE) crops, and development of transgenic rice that produce insecticidal toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis. It has been proven that insecticidal activity of Bt protein crystals can prolong their toxicity in shelf life or field under specific conditions, and this can improve the use of special strains and formulations to control insect vectors of diseases. Bt toxins have shown well-documented toxicity against lepidopterans, coleopterans, hemipterans, dipterans, nematodes, Rhabditida and human cancer cells of various origins. These crystal toxins may be responsible for other novel biological properties suggesting a pluripotential nature with different specificities.

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苏云金芽孢杆菌的毒性潜力综述

苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt)毒素因其针对不同昆虫目的特异性，在防治危害人类健康和农业的有害昆虫方面显示出巨大的潜力，被用作生物杀虫剂制剂的主要生物制剂。这使得基于bt的产品成为世界上最畅销的生物杀虫剂，因为编码杀虫蛋白的基因已经成功地应用于新型杀虫配方、基因工程(GE)作物，以及开发产生来自苏云金芽孢杆菌的杀虫毒素的转基因水稻。研究表明，Bt蛋白晶体的杀虫活性可以在特定条件下延长其货架期或田间的毒性，从而提高对特定菌株和配方的利用，以控制病媒昆虫。Bt毒素对鳞翅目、鞘翅目、半翅目、双翅目、线虫、横纹肌目和各种来源的人类癌细胞都显示出充分的毒性。这些晶体毒素可能负责其他新的生物学特性，表明具有不同特异性的多能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era

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