Y. S. Lee, A. England, M. Cheon, H. S. Kim, W. C. Kim, J. Kwak, H. C. Kim, H. J. Kim
{"title":"Investigation of the radioactivity inside the KSTAR vacuum vessel after shutdown by using gamma-ray spectrometry","authors":"Y. S. Lee, A. England, M. Cheon, H. S. Kim, W. C. Kim, J. Kwak, H. C. Kim, H. J. Kim","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052253","url":null,"abstract":"Activation products from structural materials inside the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) vacuum vessel at 1 month after shutdown were investigated via gamma-ray spectroscopy using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. To carry out this work, the HPGe detector system was placed on the midplane of port P inside the vacuum vessel, and counts were accumulated for a total time of 220,000 seconds (∼2.5 days). Many gamma activities of structural materials with half lives of a minimum of a week were measured. Some of the detected isotopes were from photonuclear reactions via processes such as (γ, n), (γ, 2n), (γ, p), (γ,np), (γ,3He), etc. due to high energy x-rays produced during the operation of KSTAR. Some of them resulted in the same final radioactive isotope. Activation products generated by photonuclear reactions in the structural materials were determined although each reaction could not always be uniquely identified by means of the gamma-ray spectroscopy technique. This investigation has shown that runaway electrons with energies up to ∼ 20 MeV were produced in the2010 KSTAR operation.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125768649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vacuum compatability of welded joints for NSTX-U","authors":"M. Denault, D. Arose","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052266","url":null,"abstract":"The high vacuum environment of the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) cannot tolerate a leak rate of greater than 1×10−5 Torr-liters per second or an out-gassing rate of more than 2×10−12 Torr-liters per second per cm2. This is maintained with an austenitic 316 stainless steel vacuum vessel. The NSTX Upgrade (NSTX-U) will require large weldments attached to the current vacuum vessel that will become the new vacuum boundary. Due to the lack of superstructure, all loads are passed through the vacuum vessel. This means the welds must carry a substantial load as well as provide vacuum integrity. Distortion of the vessel must also be minimized in order to accommodate precisely-aligned diagnostics as well as to mate to the new second neutral beam. The ideal candidate for these welds is Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW). FCAW can deposit a great amount of weld material quickly with minimal heat input. This paper will discuss the vacuum compatibility of FCAW and compare it to other standard welding processes used on NSTX.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"427 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126719888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generation of neutron beam with the cylindrical discharge type fusion device","authors":"T. Maegawa, K. Noborio, S. Konishi, Y. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052295","url":null,"abstract":"With a cylindrical discharge type fusion device that generates fast neutron design of various combinations of reflectors, moderators and shield materials were studied for, the neutron beam with desired energy spectrum. Optimized reflector design and comparison of their materials are discussed by both experimental and numerical studies.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126947364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Silva, S. Alberti, F. Felici, T. Goodman, J. Hogge, L. Porte, T. Tran, M. Tran, I. Pagonakis
{"title":"Millimeter wave system upgrades on TCV: Additional X3 power and fast ECE polarizers","authors":"M. Silva, S. Alberti, F. Felici, T. Goodman, J. Hogge, L. Porte, T. Tran, M. Tran, I. Pagonakis","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052326","url":null,"abstract":"In the foreseen upgrade of the Tokamak-à-Configuration-Variable (TCV) it is planned to add 3MW of additional RF power (3rd harmonic X-mode, X3, top-launch) to the present Electron Cyclotron (EC) system. With the upgrade of the EC-system, bringing the total EC power in X3-mode to 4.5MW, and the installation of 1 MW of neutral beam injection, a new avenue will be opened allowing the extensive study of H-mode physics in TCV. The envisaged new gyrotrons (1MW, 126GHz) are based on a minimum redesign of the 140 GHz gyrotron that was developed within the European development program for W7-X [1,2]. The layout, the operational capabilities, and the TCV plasma parameter range that will be achievable with the upgraded TCV EC-system are discussed. Two fast-acting motorized grating polarizers, purchased from General Atomics to further improve the ITER relevancy of one TCV EC transmission line, have recently been installed, temporarily, in the TCV electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic. The goal is to optimize the receiver mode-coupling during oblique ECE studies that require fast polarization variations, and to allow correlation ECE studies with stepped frequency variation [3]. An overview of the design, installation, testing and integration of these fast polarizers is discussed.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115543399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of the ITER first wall and blanket","authors":"A. Raffray, M. Merola","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052197","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the status of the ITER blanket system design and describes some of the key R&D activities in support of the design with the goal of starting procurement in the first half of 2013.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116580674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Guilhem, F. Samaille, B. Bertrand, M. Lipa, J. Achard, G. Agarici, A. Argouarch, A. Armitano, J. Belo, Z. Bej, G. Berger-by, F. Bouquey, C. Brun, M. Chantant, E. Corbel, E. Delmas, L. Delpech, L. Doceul, A. Ekedahl, F. Faisse, P. Fejoz, C. Goletto, M. Goniche, J. Hatchressian, J. Hillairet, T. Hoang, M. Houry, J. Joanard, P. Joubert, R. Lambert, G. Lombard, M. Lyonne, S. Madeleine, R. Magne, L. Marfisi, A. Martínez, M. Maury, M. Missirlian, P. Mollard, S. Poli, C. Portafaix, M. Preynas, M. Prou, D. Raulin, E. Rousset, A. Saille, B. Soler, D. Thouvenin, J. Verger, D. Volpe, K. Vulliez, B. Zago
{"title":"Iter like lower hybrid Passive Active Multi-Junction antenna manufacturing and tests","authors":"D. Guilhem, F. Samaille, B. Bertrand, M. Lipa, J. Achard, G. Agarici, A. Argouarch, A. Armitano, J. Belo, Z. Bej, G. Berger-by, F. Bouquey, C. Brun, M. Chantant, E. Corbel, E. Delmas, L. Delpech, L. Doceul, A. Ekedahl, F. Faisse, P. Fejoz, C. Goletto, M. Goniche, J. Hatchressian, J. Hillairet, T. Hoang, M. Houry, J. Joanard, P. Joubert, R. Lambert, G. Lombard, M. Lyonne, S. Madeleine, R. Magne, L. Marfisi, A. Martínez, M. Maury, M. Missirlian, P. Mollard, S. Poli, C. Portafaix, M. Preynas, M. Prou, D. Raulin, E. Rousset, A. Saille, B. Soler, D. Thouvenin, J. Verger, D. Volpe, K. Vulliez, B. Zago","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052318","url":null,"abstract":"A new concept of multijunction-type antenna has been developed, the Passive Active Multijunction, which improves the cooling of the waveguides and the damping of the neutron energy (for ITER) compared to Full Active Multijunction. Due to the complexity of the structures, prototypes of the mode converters and of the Passive-Active-Multijunction launcher were fabricated and tested, in order to validate the different manufacturing processes and the manufacturer's capability to face this challenging project. This paper describes the manufacturing process, the tests of the various prototypes and the construction of the final Passive-Active-Multijunction launcher, which entered into operation in October 2009. It has been commissioned and is fully operational on the Tore-Supra tokamak, since design objectives were reached in March 2010: 2.75 MW - 78 s, power density of 25MW/m2 in active waveguides, steady-state apparent surface temperatures < 350 °C; 10 cm long distance coupling.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128756434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Shukla, R. Babu, M. Kushwah, K. Sathyanarayana, J. Patel, S. L. Rao, D. Pragnesh, H. Patel, S. Belsare, R. Vipal, S. D. Patel, B. Vishal, A. S. Priyanka, S. Anjali, S. Ronak, M. Shmelev, Yu. G. Belov, V. Belousov
{"title":"High power test of CVD diamond window for ECRH system in SST-1","authors":"B. Shukla, R. Babu, M. Kushwah, K. Sathyanarayana, J. Patel, S. L. Rao, D. Pragnesh, H. Patel, S. Belsare, R. Vipal, S. D. Patel, B. Vishal, A. S. Priyanka, S. Anjali, S. Ronak, M. Shmelev, Yu. G. Belov, V. Belousov","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052320","url":null,"abstract":"High power tests on CVD diamond window are carried out using 82.6GHz Gyrotron. In order to test CVD diamond window with calorimetric dummy load, a matching optic unit is designed and fabricated with special profiled mirrors. The mirrors are fabricated by M/s. Gycom Russia and a mirror box assembly is fabricated at IPR. The mirrors and mirror box are cooled with water. The mirror box consists of four arc detectors for the protection of window. The CVD diamond window is connected to dummy load with this mirror box. The alignment of mirror is done during the testing of CVD window in pulsed condition. After achieving the desired Gaussian pattern at the exit of mirror box, system is connected to dummy load for CW test. The CVD window is tested up to 60kW power for 10minutes.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129916369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of high performance passively cooled mirrors for ECH launchers","authors":"R. Ellis, J. Hosea, H. Grunloh, J. Lohr","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052330","url":null,"abstract":"Fusion reactors and state-of-the-art tokamaks will operate at pulse lengths that require heat absorbing components to be designed for steady state operation. Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) power sources are approaching that goal as well. The reflecting mirrors for ECH launchers will therefore need to be designed for steady-state operation.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"138 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113969643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Risse, J. Kisslinger, S. Freundt, M. Koppen, M. Klingner
{"title":"Purpose and design of trim coils for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator experiment","authors":"K. Risse, J. Kisslinger, S. Freundt, M. Koppen, M. Klingner","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052277","url":null,"abstract":"The stellarator fusion experiment Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is currently under construction at the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik in Greifswald, Germany. The main magnetic field will be provided by a superconducting magnet system which generates a fivefold toroidal periodic magnetic field. However, not avoidable tolerances can result in small deviations of the magnetic field disturbing the toroidal periodicity. In order to have a tool to influence this field errors additional five normal conducting trim coils were designed to allow a fine tuning of the main magnetic field during plasma operation. The detailed design of the coils and the manufacturing will run within a collaboration program between the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Wendelstein 7-X project funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126398477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Koert, D. Terry, E. Fitzgerald, P. MacGibbon, G. Wallace, M. Takayasu
{"title":"Development of Fast Ferrite Tuner for Lower Hybrid current drive","authors":"P. Koert, D. Terry, E. Fitzgerald, P. MacGibbon, G. Wallace, M. Takayasu","doi":"10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SOFE.2011.6052316","url":null,"abstract":"We are developing a Fast Ferrite Tuner (FFT) for use in the Lower Hybrid current drive system at 4.6GHz. The FFT consists of two stub tuners mounted on the narrow sides of a WR187 waveguide whose phase lengths are electrically controlled by adjusting the bias magnetic field in ferrite blocks mounted in the stubs. The current in the coils producing the bias magnetic fields will be driven by power supplies which are computer controlled. An algorithm in the computer will change the phase length of the stub tuners to eliminate the reflection from the load. The challenging tasks in the development are obtaining the necessary phase shift with minimum field variation, keeping the losses low (<0.1dB), avoiding resonances in the waveguide during field changes, avoiding breakdown at for high power (>100KW), and developing a power supply that can respond in sub millisecond timescales. This report presents the design concept, the results of measurements on the tasks, and CST simulations of the design.","PeriodicalId":393592,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE/NPSS 24th Symposium on Fusion Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125562687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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