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The Influence of Electromagnetic Radiation from Lightning on Fiber-Optic Communication Lines 雷电电磁辐射对光纤通信线路的影响
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700238
O. S. Belova, A. G. Temnikov, L. L. Chernensky, O. V. Kolesnikov, N. Yu. Lysov, G. P. Paimtsev
{"title":"The Influence of Electromagnetic Radiation from Lightning on Fiber-Optic Communication Lines","authors":"O. S. Belova, A. G. Temnikov, L. L. Chernensky, O. V. Kolesnikov, N. Yu. Lysov, G. P. Paimtsev","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700238","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This article discusses the results of physical simulation of the influence of electromagnetic radiation from lightning discharges and thunderclouds on completely dielectric and armored fiber-optic cables. Lightning discharges were simulated using an experimental facility that allows the creation of artificial electrically active clouds. It has been shown that discharges from an artificial thundercloud near a fiber-optic cable cause rapid changes in the angle of rotation of the plane of polarization of radiation transmitted along the cable. This effect is observed for both armored and completely dielectric fiber-optic cables of moderate length. Completely dielectric cables of longer lengths are less sensitive to rapid changes in the electromagnetic field, but are sensitive to slow changes in the electric field.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extended Newton–Raphson Algorithm for Accurate Power-Flow Calculation of Industrial Facilities Based on Induction Motor Catalog Information 基于感应电机目录信息的工业设施功率流精确计算的扩展牛顿-拉夫逊算法
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700329
Pichai Aree
{"title":"Extended Newton–Raphson Algorithm for Accurate Power-Flow Calculation of Industrial Facilities Based on Induction Motor Catalog Information","authors":"Pichai Aree","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700329","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An accurate operating point is crucial when planning and operating industrial process plants that have numerous induction motor loads. Most commercial software tools currently adopt a static PQ load model for power-flow studies, which doesn’t fully capture the true active and reactive demands of the induction motors. Integrating the motor’s equivalent circuits into the power-flow algorithm can resolve this issue. However, the required data for a set of motor’s equivalent-circuit parameters is often unavailable for such studies. Additionally, directly measuring or identifying the parameters of all installed motors in the plant is neither cost-effective nor efficient. To address this limitation, this paper presents a comprehensive unified power-flow computational technique that allows for straightforward determination of the exact operating condition of induction motors using readily available catalog information. To achieve this objective, Kloss’s formulas of single-cage induction motors are further developed to formulate the mismatch function of the Newton–Raphson method. The extended algorithm and Kloss’s equations are thoroughly validated. Good agreements with acceptable accuracy are observed in a satisfactory manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Circuitry and Technological Methods to Improve the Technical Characteristics of Power Thyristors. Part 1. Lockable Thyristors with External Control 改善功率晶闸管技术特性的电路和技术方法。第 1 部分。带外部控制的可锁定晶闸管
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700299
I. P. Voronin, P. A. Voronin
{"title":"Circuitry and Technological Methods to Improve the Technical Characteristics of Power Thyristors. Part 1. Lockable Thyristors with External Control","authors":"I. P. Voronin, P. A. Voronin","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700299","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The methods for effective control over high-power thyristors using MOSFETs integrated into the structure of a power device have been considered. Features of the operation of power bipolar transistors and lockable thyristors in modes of high voltages and increased current densities are shown. The variants of hybrid combined circuits based on turn-off thyristors with integrated MOSFET control have been presented. Switching processes of lockable thyristors with integrated control in nominal modes and under current overloads have been considered. Diagrams of operation of thyristors with external control have been presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Increasing the Reliability of Line Circuit Breakers when Disconnecting Overhead Power Lines in Conditions of Slightly Negative Ambient Temperatures 在环境温度略偏负值的条件下断开架空电力线路时提高线路断路器的可靠性
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700287
V. E. Kachesov, N. F. Petrova
{"title":"On Increasing the Reliability of Line Circuit Breakers when Disconnecting Overhead Power Lines in Conditions of Slightly Negative Ambient Temperatures","authors":"V. E. Kachesov, N. F. Petrova","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700287","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>At slightly negative ambient temperatures, snow or ice bridges form on the surface of line circuit breaker porcelain insulators, leading to a significant decrease in the electrical strength of the insulators. In the case of a longitudinal breakdown of the external insulation of one of the arc-extinguishing chambers, the full voltage is applied to the remaining chambers, which can lead to their breakdown (along the surface of the external insulation, between contacts, or as a result of the breakdown of voltage capacitive dividers). Disconnection of an overhead line by a line circuit breaker is accompanied by a transient low-frequency process, in which the overvoltage ratio at the breaker contacts can reach 2.15 p.u., which, taking into account the reduction in longitudinal electrical strength, leads to breakdown of the breaker. The analysis of emergency shutdowns shows that all of them occur at slightly negative ambient temperatures. To reduce the probability of line breakers failure, the authors consider such measures as the installation of electromagnetic (measuring) transformers and the use of shunt resistor breakers and nonlinear surge suppressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automatic Fault Detection of Photovoltaic Modules Using Recurrent Neural Network 利用递归神经网络自动检测光伏组件故障
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700330
Parveen Kumar, Manish Kumar, Ajay Kumar Bansal
{"title":"Automatic Fault Detection of Photovoltaic Modules Using Recurrent Neural Network","authors":"Parveen Kumar, Manish Kumar, Ajay Kumar Bansal","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700330","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Everywhere in the globe, the total capacity of photovoltaic (PV) panels is expanding at an exponential rate. Arc faults, open-circuit (OC) faults, bypass diode failures, mismatch faults, and short circuit faults are only a few of the most common types of problems that may occur in PV arrays. Not recognizing and correcting these issues quickly might affect power plant production. Fault detection in PV modules helps stabilize PV plant output. Machine learning techniques can automatically identify PV module issues. This paper portrayed fault detection using Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Two methods identify PV defects based on normalizing factors. MLP has nonlinear problems and is slow to compute. The suggested RNN proved to be a superior detection approach for 10 weeks of testing on 2.4 KW monocrystalline solar panels. MLP has 75.62% fault detection accuracy whereas RNN has 98.95% in 4s-2p PV panels. Therefore, the findings of the simulation indicate that the proposed RNN technique achieves the necessary level of speed and accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Analytical and Simulation Study of a Hybrid Shipboard Electrical-Power System 舰载混合电力系统的分析与模拟研究
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700305
S. G. German-Galkin, B. F. Dmitriev
{"title":"An Analytical and Simulation Study of a Hybrid Shipboard Electrical-Power System","authors":"S. G. German-Galkin, B. F. Dmitriev","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700305","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This work considers a hybrid shipboard electrical-power system consisting of a shipboard electrical network with diesel generators, a shaft generator with a synchronous permanent-magnet machine, and two active semiconductor converters connected by a dc link with a capacitive filter. The converters, which are controlled by separate control systems, form a synchronized information-energy system that ensures two-way energy exchange between the shipboard electrical network and the main motor shaft in the absence of a buffer energy storage device in the dc circuit of the converters, which provides long-term compensation for the power imbalance of the entire shipboard electrical-power system. Methods for controlling the information-energy system are considered, allowing one to synchronously change the direction of power transmission in the shipboard electrical-power system and optimize its power performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Study of the Current Quality of a Network Inverter with Relay and Pulse Width Modulation 带继电器和脉宽调制的网络逆变器的电流质量研究
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700317
M. G. Kiselev
{"title":"A Study of the Current Quality of a Network Inverter with Relay and Pulse Width Modulation","authors":"M. G. Kiselev","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700317","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The operation of a three-phase inverter with output network chokes (a network regulator) in the reactive power compensation mode is considered. The main attention is paid to the comparison of two fundamentally different control systems based on pulse-width modulation and relay modulation. A model of the network regulator is developed, on the basis of which the characteristics of the output current quality and switching losses are obtained depending on the modulation frequency (the width of the hysteresis loop). The operation of the network regulator with a relay digital control system is considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Direct Torque Control of a Four-Phase Switched Reluctance Motor for Electric Vehicle Drives 用于电动汽车驱动的四相开关磁阻电机的直接扭矩控制
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700160
A. B. Krasovsky, A. I. Tikhonov, S. A. Vasyukov, I. S. Snitko, E. S. Vostorgina
{"title":"Direct Torque Control of a Four-Phase Switched Reluctance Motor for Electric Vehicle Drives","authors":"A. B. Krasovsky, A. I. Tikhonov, S. A. Vasyukov, I. S. Snitko, E. S. Vostorgina","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700160","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Switched reluctance motors (SMRs) are competitors of traditional ones in electric vehicles due to their high specific performance and the absence of permanent magnets and windings in the rotor design, which increases reliability and reduces production costs. Due to the pronounced nonlinearity of their magnetic characteristics and discreteness in control, SRMs are characterized by significant torque ripples, noise, and vibrations, to suppress which it is advisable to use direct instantaneous torque control (DITC), which is widely used in traditional electric drives. However, SRMs differ from traditional motors, so known technical solutions cannot be applied to them. Simulation modeling is a convenient and universal tool for research and development of methods and algorithms for SRM control, and the MATLAB/Simulink environment makes it possible to successfully implement them. The article considers two of the best-known and fundamentally different DITC options with respect to a four-phase SRM. Their shortcomings are substantiated and illustrated, and a new DITC option is proposed that is most suitable for controlling an SRM as part of a traction electric drive of electric vehicles.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141150101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Synchronization Algorithm for the Control System of a Multichannel Electromechanical Steering Actuator 多通道机电转向执行器控制系统的同步算法
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700172
V. E. Kuznetsov, A. N. Lukichev, D. Kh. Nguyen, S. M. Bogdanova, D. M. Filatov
{"title":"A Synchronization Algorithm for the Control System of a Multichannel Electromechanical Steering Actuator","authors":"V. E. Kuznetsov, A. N. Lukichev, D. Kh. Nguyen, S. M. Bogdanova, D. M. Filatov","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700172","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The article discusses a common method of constructing a multichannel control system for the steering control of aircraft. To increase the reliability of control, a structure of hybrid steering actuators consisting of electromechanical actuators (EMAs) and hydraulic actuators (HAs) was used. The use of different actuators determines the construction of an adaptive algorithm for synchronizing the position of dissimilar actuators to reduce the forces of mutual loading of the control actuator system. A method for synthesizing an adaptive algorithm for synchronizing position and force for two actuator channels is presented taking into account their nonlinear friction and the nonlinear speed characteristics of the hydraulic valve. The comparison of the efficiency of synchronization algorithms was carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Loss Reduction in the Rotor of Powerful Synchronous Permanent Magnet Generators 降低大功率同步永磁发电机转子的损耗
Russian Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.3103/s1068371224700135
Yu. N. Ivannikov, Yu. V. Zubkov, Yu. A. Makarichev
{"title":"Loss Reduction in the Rotor of Powerful Synchronous Permanent Magnet Generators","authors":"Yu. N. Ivannikov, Yu. V. Zubkov, Yu. A. Makarichev","doi":"10.3103/s1068371224700135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s1068371224700135","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The possibility of stray loss reduction in permanent magnets by reducing the influence of higher harmonics on the magnetic field in the air gap is considered. Various types of stator windings are considered and design solutions are proposed for choosing the optimal shape of magnets in radially excited generators in terms of reducing higher harmonic and, consequently, rotor losses. When solving the problems, methods of numerical modeling of stationary and nonstationary magnetic fields are used.</p>","PeriodicalId":39312,"journal":{"name":"Russian Electrical Engineering","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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