African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies最新文献_第5页

Determinants of psychoactive substance use among incarcerated delinquents in Nigeria 尼日利亚在押少年犯使用精神活性物质的决定因素

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V11I2

Nw Ebiti, J. Ike, T. Sheikh, D. Lasisi, O. Babalola, S. Agunbiade

{"title":"Determinants of psychoactive substance use among incarcerated delinquents in Nigeria","authors":"Nw Ebiti, J. Ike, T. Sheikh, D. Lasisi, O. Babalola, S. Agunbiade","doi":"10.4314/AJDAS.V11I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJDAS.V11I2","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of psychoactive substance use among incarcerated delinquents in Nigeria and its determinants. The total inmate population of 401 individuals were interviewed over a period of four weeks using an interviewer administered questionnaire that assessed for socio demographic, forensic, and drug use history among other variables. All the respondents were males, with a mean age of 20.6 ± 3.1 years, ranging from 12 to 39 years and had spent an average of 16.1 ± 9.9 months. The average age of first use was 12.6 ± 5.9 years. The prevalence of lifetime and current use of any substance was 88.0% and 64.3% respectively. Prior arrest, being sexually active and family drug use significantly (p<0.05) predicted lifetime use of any substance while being raised in a monogamous family was protective. Prior arrest, family drug use, and being sexually active significantly (p<0.05) increased lifetime use of illicit substances while being raised from a monogamous home significantly (p<0.05) reduced same. Prior arrest and substance use before incarceration significantly (p<0.05) predicted current use of any substance. Being sexually active and substance use before incarceration significantly (P<0.05) predicted current use of illicit substances while high self esteem and being the first born was protective. Since substance use prevalence is high among incarcerated delinquents, the incorporation of substance abuse screening and treatment as part of their programmeme is advocated. Key Words : Substance use, delinquents, incarceration, Nigeria,","PeriodicalId":39196,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies","volume":"263 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70448698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Parental influence on substance use among young people in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria 父母对尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区年轻人使用药物的影响

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V11I1

F. Abasiubong, A. Idung, S. Udoh, U. Ekanem

{"title":"Parental influence on substance use among young people in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria","authors":"F. Abasiubong, A. Idung, S. Udoh, U. Ekanem","doi":"10.4314/AJDAS.V11I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJDAS.V11I1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the pattern and compare the rates of substance use in parents of children with substance use disorders in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Between January 2009 and December 2011, a total of 528 participants, comprising 255 fathers of children with substance use-related problems (study group) and 273 fathers of children without problems (comparison group) attending the Psychiatric Unit of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, were assessed, using a modified form of a 117-item self-report instrument based on the World Health Organization’s guidelines for students’ substance use surveys. The demographic characteristics of the respondents were similar. Locally available substances including alcohol were used more frequently than illicit substances by both groups. Possible reasons for using these substances included ready availability, unidentified personal problems, performance enhancement and unemployment. Substance use is on the increase in our environment and this may be attributable to environmental pressures and weak parental discipline. Key Words : Parental influence, children, substance use, Niger Delta region","PeriodicalId":39196,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Determinants of Alcohol, Khat, and Bhang Use in Rural Kenya. 肯尼亚农村地区使用酒精、卡塔叶和香料的决定因素。

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-11-02

Kithuri E Kinoti, Leonard A Jason, Gary W Harper

{"title":"Determinants of Alcohol, Khat, and Bhang Use in Rural Kenya.","authors":"Kithuri E Kinoti, Leonard A Jason, Gary W Harper","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study investigated local determinants of substance use in rural Kenya. Over the years, there has been a growing concern over increased use of substances across ages, gender, religious persuasions, and social class in Kenya. It is still unclear what psychosocial individual and/or community factors might be that offer some explanation for the high levels of alcohol and drug use. The study investigated community members' social status in areas of gender, education, employment, self-esteem, and availability of substances. The sample was comprised of Kenyan rural participants, and included 153 men and 64 women with a mean age of 34.2 years. The participants completed a survey measuring possible psychosocial determinants of alcohol, khat and bhang (i.e., marijuana) use patterns. The sample evidenced high levels of substance use particularly involving the locally available substances (i.e., bottled beer, local brews, chewing khat, smoking bhang). Males in comparison to females were more likely to drink alcohol, chew khat, and smoke bhang. Women compared to men reported higher education and employment status, which were associated with less substance use. Females had higher self-esteem when they did not use bottled beer whereas males had higher self-esteem when they use bottled beer. The implications of these findings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":39196,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies","volume":"10 2","pages":"107-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3551616/pdf/nihms366466.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31186512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender, locus of control and smoking habits of undergraduate students 大学生性别、心理控制点与吸烟习惯

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64140

G. Abikoye, A. Fusigboye

{"title":"Gender, locus of control and smoking habits of undergraduate students","authors":"G. Abikoye, A. Fusigboye","doi":"10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64140","url":null,"abstract":"Health psychologists believe that a significant proportion of human morbidity and mortality could be significantly reduced and humans’ quality of life greatly enhanced if people could be helped to correct their health-impairing habits and behaviours, such as smoking and other forms of substance abuse. The present study investigated the influence of gender and locus of control on smoking habit of 230 smoking student-patrons of two relaxation centers in Ago-Iwoye, the host community of Olabisi Onabanjo University. Participants were 137 (59.6%) male and 93 (40.4%) female students with a mean age of 24.93 (SD = 4.58). Relevant data were collected using snowballing technique over an eight-week period, with a standardized, three-sectioned questionnaire. Results showed that locus of control had a significant influence on smoking habit {t (2,226) = 21.21, \u0000p 0.05}. These and other findings in the study were discussed and their implications for intervention programmes on smoking reduction or (and) cessation were highlighted. \u0000 \u0000 Key Words: Smoking habits, student-patrons, locus of control, gender, Ago-Iwoye","PeriodicalId":39196,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Influence of sensation-seeking and impulsivity on drug use among youths in Ibadan 寻求感觉和冲动对伊巴丹青少年吸毒的影响

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64144

Ao Aguiyi, Ko Taiwo, H. Osinowo, Me Ineme, F. Iboro, Om Akinlabi

引用次数: 0

utiliZAtion of coMMunitY-BASeD outPAtient ADDiction treAtMent ProgrAMMeS in KenYA 肯尼亚社区门诊成瘾治疗方案的利用情况

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64139

Cs Deveau, ludovick tengia, C. Mutua, S. Njoroge, lillian Dajoh, B. Singer

引用次数: 7

Is there a causal relationship between alcohol and HIV? Implications for policy, practice and future research 酒精和艾滋病毒之间有因果关系吗?对政策、实践和未来研究的启示

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64141

C. Parry, J. Rehm, N. Morojele

{"title":"Is there a causal relationship between alcohol and HIV? Implications for policy, practice and future research","authors":"C. Parry, J. Rehm, N. Morojele","doi":"10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64141","url":null,"abstract":"There is now conclusive evidence of a causal linkage between heavy drinking patterns and/or alcohol use disorders and the worsening of the disease course for HIV. However, while alcohol usage is consistently associated with the prevalence and incidence of HIV, further research is needed to substantiate causality in terms of the acquisition of this disease. The burden attributable to alcohol use in South Africa in 2004 has been estimated to be 1.3 million years in terms of years lost though premature death caused by alcohol and years lived with an alcohol-related disability (or just over 6% of all years lost from all causes). Of all years lost through death and disability that can be attributed to alcohol, 10% for men and 28% for women can be directly attributed to alcohol’s impact on the progression of HIV in infected individuals. The implications of the above will be discussed in terms of research gaps that need to be addressed and broader policy responses that are needed in the health and social services sectors. In addition, emphasis will be given to specific practices that should be considered for rollout by agencies involved in substance abuse and HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention. Key Words: Alcohol, HIV and AIDS, South Africa","PeriodicalId":39196,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

THE ROLE OF SOLVENTS IN THE LIVES OF KENYAN STREET CHILDREN: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC PERSPECTIVE 溶剂在肯尼亚街头儿童生活中的作用:民族志视角

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64142

Joe Cottrell‐Boyce

引用次数: 17

Sexual risk behaviours among patients admitted for substance use disorder and schizophrenia in a psychiatric hospital in Lagos, Nigeria 尼日利亚拉各斯一家精神病院收治的药物使用障碍和精神分裂症患者的性风险行为

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-03-06 DOI: 10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64146

Veronica o. nyamali, O. Morakinyo, R. Lawal

{"title":"Sexual risk behaviours among patients admitted for substance use disorder and schizophrenia in a psychiatric hospital in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"Veronica o. nyamali, O. Morakinyo, R. Lawal","doi":"10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64146","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers have reported that abuse of psychoactive substances play a major role in HIV transmission among drug users while those with a diagnosis of schizophrenia may also be at high risk for HIV infection. This is a cross-sectional and comparative study of consecutive and consenting patients admitted at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Yaba between April and December 2008, aimed at comparing HIV risk behaviours of patients with substance use disorder and those with schizophrenia, comparing the findings between the two groups and determining the socio-demographic factors in each group associated with such behaviours. The results showed that subjects using psychoactive substances were more involved in sexual activity than those with schizophrenia. Both groups of subjects engaged in HIV risk behaviours such as having multiple casual partners (Substance users 21.5%, schizophrenia 9.5%). Non-use of condom with casual partners (Substance users 25.4%, Schizophrenia 36.7%) and history of sexually transmitted diseases like genital discharge (Substance users 4.0%, Schizophrenia 15.0%) were more in those with Schizophrenia. In conclusion, both groups of patients engaged in high risk sexual behaviours that could predispose them to HIV infection. It was recommended that concerted efforts should be \u0000made to establish HIV prevention programmes for both groups of psychiatric patients. Key Words: sexual, risk behaviour, schizophrenia, substance use disorder, inpatients, lagos nigeria","PeriodicalId":39196,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/AJDAS.V9I2.64146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70450183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

HIV risk behaviors, perceived severity of drug use problems, and prior treatment experience in a sample of young heroin injectors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. 坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆一名年轻海洛因注射者样本中的艾滋病毒风险行为、吸毒问题的感知严重程度和先前治疗经历

African Journal of Drug and Alcohol Studies Pub Date : 2011-01-01

John Atkinson, Sheryl McCurdy, Mark Williams, Jessie Mbwambo, Gad Kilonzo

引用次数: 0