{"title":"Write once, deploy N: a performance oriented MDA case study","authors":"P. V. Gorp, D. Janssens, T. Gardner","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10015","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing the performance of distributed database applications is difficult to combine with middleware vendor independence since cache, transaction and cluster configuration is database and application server specific. The most promising approach is to use a flexible code generator. The model driven architecture can become a successful standard for model based code generation by offering a set of high quality code generation languages. To focus the comparison of such languages on criteria that matter in practical development, there is an urgent need for more, and more realistic, case studies. Therefore, we present a complex middleware performance pattern that should be generated for at least two application servers. The code generator should have maximal reuse, separation of concerns and evolution support. From this case study, we derive the requirements for model refinement and code generation languages. We illustrate how existing UML standards can be integrated to satisfy these requirements and conclude with an overview of the language features that were needed to provide an elegant solution to the case study.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128095324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Kath, Andrei Blazarenas, M. Born, K. Eckert, M. Funabashi, C. Hirai
{"title":"Towards executable models: transforming EDOC behavior models to CORBA and BPEL","authors":"O. Kath, Andrei Blazarenas, M. Born, K. Eckert, M. Funabashi, C. Hirai","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10025","url":null,"abstract":"At the last EDOC conference we presented our open modelling infrastructure \"medini\" which is based on MOF compliant meta-tools. Based on medini, we have developed a modelling suite for telecom services which consists of EDOC as a platform independent modelling technique and CORBA/Corba component model (CCM) as a platform specific modelling technique. Since that time, this modelling suite has been significantly enhanced: Support for Web services has been added as an alternative target platform and we have extended the model transformers to consider EDOC behavior models (namely choreographies). The behavior descriptions can now be transformed to Web service behavior expressed using BPEL (business process execution language) and to behavior descriptions for our CORBA/CCM based platform facilitating UML 2 state-machines and the creation of Java code. We explain our behavior transformations and report on the experiences we have made by simultaneously addressing two different target platforms with different kinds of behavior descriptions.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133457397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data consistency in a heterogeneous IT landscape: a service oriented architecture approach","authors":"E. Svensson, C. Vetter, T. Werner","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10002","url":null,"abstract":"Consistent data across applications is the centerpiece for a successful integration of IT systems. Heterogeneous IT environments, as found in most mature industries, pose a challenge not only in integrating applications, but also in ensuring a consistent set of data being used. Based on an industry example we describe how data consistency is realized through data modeling concepts and a service-oriented architecture. A directory service and adapters handle the information transfer between applications using a global information model derived from an industry standard. Two use cases show how a synchronization service reacts and resolves data inconsistencies.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123949439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quality of service in middleware and applications: a model-driven approach","authors":"Torben Weis, Andreas Ulbrich, K. Geihs, C. Becker","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10030","url":null,"abstract":"Quality of service (QoS) management has become an important requirement for middleware platforms and distributed applications. Early QoS engineering attempts focused on single-category extensions to standard middleware. In recent years generic middleware frameworks have been proposed in order to facilitate multicategory QoS management. Our experience with such a framework has revealed that QoS management cannot be shielded from the applications. Applications need to be designed in a QoS-aware manner and application QoS requirements need to be translated into appropriate middleware extensions. Therefore we propose a comprehensive, model-driven development process for QoS-enabled distributed applications on top of QoS-enhanced middleware platforms. Our approach builds on OMG's Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). We demonstrate the mapping from the platform-independent to the platform-specific model, and we show how the design approach is applied targeting a .NET-based QoS-enabled middleware.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133760471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A framework for integrating business processes and business requirements","authors":"R. Kazhamiakin, M. Pistore, Marco Roveri","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10000","url":null,"abstract":"Service-oriented architectures and Web service infrastructure provide the ideal framework for interconnecting organizations and for defining distributed business applications. The possibility to exploit business process definition and execution languages is particularly relevant for capturing the process-oriented nature of these applications. However, business processes by themselves are not enough to manage the changes and to allow an organization to continuously adapt its business model to the typical needs of distributed applications. To achieve this flexibility, it is of uttermost importance to link the business processes to the organizational strategy and to the business goals that motivate the need of these processes. We propose a framework for representing strategies and goals of an organization in terms of business requirements. The framework allows to describe how an organizational strategy is operationalized into activities and implemented by business processes. It also allows to represent the assumptions on the interactions between the different business applications. Finally, this framework allows for the usage of formal analysis techniques, in particular model checking, to pinpoint problems and to identify possible solutions in this domain.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114541766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Zhao, B. Bryant, C. Burt, R. Raje, A. Olson, M. Auguston
{"title":"Automated glue/wrapper code generation in integration of distributed and heterogeneous software components","authors":"Wei Zhao, B. Bryant, C. Burt, R. Raje, A. Olson, M. Auguston","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10023","url":null,"abstract":"UniFrame is a framework to help organizations to build interoperable distributed computing systems. Using UniFrame, a new system is built by assembling predeveloped heterogeneous and distributed software components. UniFrame solves the heterogeneity problem by explicitly modeling the domain knowledge of various technology domains (component model domains, programming language domains, operating system platform domains, etc.), from which the interoperation generative domain model (IGDM) straddling the technology domains can be constructed. The glue/wrapper code that realizes the interoperation among the distributed and heterogeneous software components can be generated from the IGDM. An informal implementation in Java of glue/wrapper code generator is given, followed by a discussion on a formalization of IGDM. The formalism comes from the fact that if the family of glue/wrapper code can be modeled formally, an instance glue/wrapper code can be generated automatically. In this formalization, the IGDM is formally modeled as a language definition using a grammar; the code that realizes the interoperation is a valid sentence derivable from the grammar, and will be generated automatically from the IGDM during the assembly time.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124758997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Pignaton, V. Villagrá, Juan I. Asensio-Pérez, J. Berrocal
{"title":"Developing QoS-aware component-based applications using MDA principles","authors":"R. Pignaton, V. Villagrá, Juan I. Asensio-Pérez, J. Berrocal","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10021","url":null,"abstract":"One of the great challenges in the distributed enterprise computing is providing software systems with expected quality-of-service (QoS). For this purpose, it is very important to include QoS aspects in all the phases of the system development life cycle (analysis, design, deployment, etc.). This is enforced by the new approaches to system design, such as the model-driven approach called MDA (model driven architecture). MDA is a modeling framework that improves the efficiency and decreases the complexity of the development of software system by allowing to model functional aspects independently of the underlying platform and the generation of its models in a target platform. In this context, This work studies the model-driven development of distributed component-based software applications with QoS support, which includes QoS specification and QoS monitoring. The proposal consists of applying the MDA principles to specify QoS aspects of component-based applications in parallel to the traditional design of the functional aspects. For this purpose, we define the following elements: a) a QoS catalogue to characterize a software component from the QoS point of view; b) a UML profile for modeling QoS contracts of component-based applications, and c) a UML profile for modeling the monitoring mechanisms employed to monitor that QoS. In addition to the description of all these elements, the paper introduces a real scenario in which the proposed ideas have been tested and partially validated.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115808631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Dijkman, D. Quartel, L. F. Pires, M. V. Sinderen
{"title":"A rigorous approach to relate enterprise and computational viewpoints","authors":"R. Dijkman, D. Quartel, L. F. Pires, M. V. Sinderen","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10007","url":null,"abstract":"Multiviewpoint approaches allow stakeholders to design a system from stakeholder-specific viewpoints. By this, a separation of concerns is achieved, which makes designs more manageable. However, to construct a consistent multiviewpoint design, the relations between viewpoints must be defined precisely, so that the consistency of designs from these viewpoints can be verified. The goal of this paper is to make the consistency rules between (a slightly adapted version of) the RM-ODP enterprise and computational viewpoints more precise and to make checking the consistency between these viewpoints practically applicable. To achieve this goal, we apply a generic framework for relating viewpoints that includes reusable consistency rules. We implemented the consistency rules in a tool to show their applicability.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121020919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using subject-oriented modeling to develop Jini applications","authors":"Gagan Tandon, Sudipto Ghosh","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10009","url":null,"abstract":"A major contributing factor to the complexity of creating and evolving distributed systems is the tangling of middleware-specific functionality with core business functionality in system designs. Changing middleware functionality that is entangled with business functionality can lead to costly and risky rearchitecting of the system or extensive redesign of parts of the system. The subject-oriented software development approach addresses this problem by separating the design of crosscutting features into design subjects. We describe an approach for separating Jini middleware features as design subjects which can be composed with primary design subjects that realize the core functionality of the application. In this context, we identify limitations in the existing specification notation and propose extensions.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132257033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Balasubramanian, D. Schmidt, L. Dowdy, Ossama Othman
{"title":"Evaluating the performance of middleware load balancing strategies","authors":"J. Balasubramanian, D. Schmidt, L. Dowdy, Ossama Othman","doi":"10.1109/EDOC.2004.10020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2004.10020","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents three contributions to research on middleware load balancing. First, it describes the design of Cygnus, which is an extensible open-source middleware framework developed to support adaptive and nonadaptive load balancing strategies. Key features of Cygnus are its ability to make load balancing decisions based on application-defined load metrics, dynamically (re)configure load balancing strategies at run-time, and transparently add load balancing support to client and server applications. Second, it describes the design of LBPerf, an open-source middleware load balancing benchmarking toolkit developed to evaluate load balancing strategies at the middleware level. Third, it presents the results of experiments that systematically evaluate the performance of adaptive load balancing strategies implemented using the Cygnus middleware framework using workloads generated by LBPerf. The workloads used in our experiments are based on models of CPU-bound requests that are representative of a broad range of distributed applications. Our experiments with LBPerf illustrate the need for evaluating different adaptive and nonadaptive load balancing strategies under different workload conditions. In addition to assisting in choosing a suitable load balancing strategy for a particular class of distributed applications, our empirical results help configure run-time parameters properly and analyze their behavior in the presence of different workloads. Our results also indicate that integrating Cygnus into distributed applications can improve their scalability, while incurring minimal run-time overhead. As a result, developers can concentrate on their core application behavior, rather than wrestling with complex middleware mechanisms needed to enhance the scalability of their distributed applications.","PeriodicalId":391732,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eighth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 2004. EDOC 2004.","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131211969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}