Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100068
M. Gómez, J. C. Vielma, E. G. Diaz-Segura
{"title":"Evaluación numérica de la respuesta sísmica de estructuras fundadas en laderas","authors":"M. Gómez, J. C. Vielma, E. G. Diaz-Segura","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100068","url":null,"abstract":"El uso de sitios en pendiente para la construcción de estructuras es problemático, principalmente por dos condiciones: la variación de la respuesta sísmica de sitio, producto de la pendiente; y la modificación en la estructuración para dar cuenta de los desniveles en la base de la estructura. Estas condiciones han generado importantes daños sísmicos en áreas de altas pendientes en terremotos pasados. Este estudio busca evaluar las posibles diferencias en la respuesta sísmica producto de estas dos condiciones especiales, evaluadas de forma desacoplada. Para ello, se ejecuta una serie de análisis tiempo-historia, utilizando registros sísmicos modificados por la pendiente, sobre un grupo de estructuras con diferente ángulo basal. Las estructuras son primeramente diseñadas y evaluadas en respuesta no lineal mediante análisis pushover. Se obtienen mayores variaciones en la respuesta producto de la variación en la estructuración (escalonada) que producto del efecto topográfico, el cual, sin embargo, incrementa los efectos antes mencionados tanto en daño como en niveles de desplazamiento. Las aceleraciones verticales inducidas por la topografía son perjudiciales para el desempeño estructural, observándose más daño (incursión en el rango inelástico) en las estructuras cuando éstas se consideran en los análisis, así como diferencias importantes en los niveles de carga axial en los elementos verticales.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"2036 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129786773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100085
Sebastián Olguín, Victorio Araya, G. Suazo
{"title":"Aplicación de herramientas de monitoreo DinSAR de deformaciones para el estudio de fallas en depósitos de relaves","authors":"Sebastián Olguín, Victorio Araya, G. Suazo","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100085","url":null,"abstract":"are preceded by a series of anomalies such as: excessive deformation on the surface, the appearance of stress cracks or acceleration trends. If these are captured in time, they can be of great support for early warning systems or for activating risk mitigation procedures, which can ultimately lead to avoiding failures. Synthetic aperture radar differential interferometry (DInSAR) techniques measure surface deformation by processing the radar phase difference of at least two complex SAR images acquired at different times over the same area. These techniques are very useful for measuring deformations in tailings deposits since they provide high-precision periodic information over large areas, and can even be used in adverse weather conditions, unlike optical satellites. This article shows the results of the application of interferometric analysis of surface deformations in tailings dams, which allow the detection of outstanding deformations, acceleration trends and estimates of the moment of failure in its structures. The processing tools are applied by studying some important international failure cases of tailings deposits that have occurred in recent years. Advanced DInSAR techniques of persistent scatterers (PS InSAR) are used for the study. The results obtained are compared with complementary geotechnical studies carried out on these case studies.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117309754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100077
M. Sánchez, G. Suazo, Victorio Araya, G. Villavicencio
{"title":"Estudio de la relación entre la reflexión de luz y el contenido de humedad superficial en muestras de relave utilizando imágenes hiperespectrales","authors":"M. Sánchez, G. Suazo, Victorio Araya, G. Villavicencio","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100077","url":null,"abstract":"samples moisture content, generating an auspicious method for the continuous monitoring of humidity in TSF.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127023722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100020
M. Vargas, Ramón Verdugo
{"title":"Efecto acoplado confinamiento-corte estático en la resistencia cíclica de arenas de relaves","authors":"M. Vargas, Ramón Verdugo","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100020","url":null,"abstract":"Los altos niveles de producción de cobre en la actualidad generan cantidades importantes de desechos llamados relaves, lo que obliga al estudio de su comportamiento de manera de asegurar la estabilidad mecánica de las presas. En este contexto, es de gran importancia estudiar la resistencia de los relaves frente al fenómeno de licuación. Diversos estudios han mostrado que el nivel de presión de confinamiento afecta la resistencia cíclica de arenas, proponiéndose el factor de corrección Κσ. Análogamente, se ha observado que el corte estático inicial también afecta la resistencia cíclica, por lo que se ha introducido el factor de corrección Κα. Sin embargo, el efecto acoplado de ambas variables, que corresponde a la condición real de terreno, no ha sido debidamente investigado para arenas de relaves. Mediante ensayos triaxiales cíclicos no drenados consolidados tanto isotrópicamente como anisotrópicamente, en este trabajo se ha estudiado el efecto conjunto de ambas variables en la resistencia cíclica de este material, para distintos niveles de densidad relativa inicial. Los resultados obtenidos del efecto acoplado se han resumido a través del parámetro Κσα.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115180847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100016
Rodolfo Saragoni, Bastián Garrido
{"title":"Coeficientes sísmicos estáticos de diseño para estudios de estabilidad de tranques de relaves para terremotos subductivos intraplaca chilenos","authors":"Rodolfo Saragoni, Bastián Garrido","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100016","url":null,"abstract":"derivada The progressive advance of sophisticated numerical models to represent the behaviour of dams has displaced simplified static analyses and has given more credibility to dynamic analyses. However, the current Chilean regulation DS248 of SERNAGEOMIN that defines the necessary analyses to guarantee the stability of these structures still requires both analyses. When the source of the design earthquake is interplate, the expressions to determine the static seismic coefficients have given consistent results when determining the safety factors and comparing with dynamic analysis, unlike what has been seen for the intraplate case where the safety factors have been more conservative. In this work, a new different expression is proposed for Chilean intraplate earthquakes derived on a concept of iso destructive potential, which allows better coherence between both analyses.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130476768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100052
N. Tapia, Matías Cuitiño, A. Guzmán
{"title":"Caso de fundación profunda con pilotes prefabricados de hormigón armado y monitoreo mediante Pile Driving Analyzer PDA","authors":"N. Tapia, Matías Cuitiño, A. Guzmán","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100052","url":null,"abstract":"Equipment and methods were used for the evaluation of the pile structural integrity and their geotechnical capacity by means of PDA monitoring (Pile Driving Analyzer) during driving. With the results of the PDA test, together with the CAPWAP computational tool, the design hypotheses were verified. During the execution of the project, it was possible to achieve the optimization of the embedment depth and the variation of the number of piles required.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121812185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100045
P. Villarroel, Ramón Carrasco
{"title":"Aplicación de modelos geoestadísticos a datos de ensayos de cono dinámico DPSH Grizzly® realizados en suelos potencialmente licuables en el sector norte de la ciudad de Punta Arenas","authors":"P. Villarroel, Ramón Carrasco","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129640088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100059
Julio Sucasaca, E. Sáez
{"title":"Efectos topográficos, de sitio e interacción estructura-suelo-estructura. Un caso de estudio","authors":"Julio Sucasaca, E. Sáez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100059","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we investigate the influence of slope topography, site effects and dynamic interaction between shear-wall buildings located closely on a sandy coastal scarp. To this end, a numerical model is developed based on real site and buildings properties calibrated and taken as case of study. Wave propagation analyses are conducted to derive topographical amplification factors and to assess dynamic buildings responses for different scenarios. It was found that the surface profile of the site has a large effect on the dynamic response of low-rise stiff buildings. Moreover, it is shown that structure-soil-structure scenario has negligible effect from a practical point of view in comparison to soil-structure interaction. The results suggest that care should be taken in the design of low-rise stiff buildings located near a slope crest.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"179 2A Suppl 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132971632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132022000100095
J. Sanabria, Alberto Jaime
{"title":"Escalamiento geométrico de la curva granulométrica de materiales granulares provenientes de actividades mineras","authors":"J. Sanabria, Alberto Jaime","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132022000100095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132022000100095","url":null,"abstract":"la curva granulométrica, y su empleo se dio inicialmente en la construcción de presas de enrocamiento. En la presente investigación se realiza un análisis de este método, con aplicación en materiales provenientes de la actividad minera. Palabras clave: roca estéril de mina, operaciones mineras, botaderos de desmonte, escalamiento geométrico, curva granulométrica, esfuerzos de contacto, rotura de granos The extraction of minerals in mining operations includes the removal of sterile material, as well as the transfer and disposal of these in deposits intended for temporary or permanent storage. These deposits known as waste rock dumps, landfills, or “tepetateras”, comprise materials that due to their size and disposition form cannot be analyzed in the laboratory and in the field, to obtain parameters of shear resistance, compressibility, and permeability, with the objective to perform designs or physical stability evaluations. The development and construction of large-scale equipment allows the analysis of larger specimens, but their availability is scarce. Currently, there are various methodologies that allow particle sizes to be reduced so that they can be tested on a smaller scale or conventional equipment. Among the methods developed is that of geometric scaling of the granulometric curve, and its use was initially given in the construction of rock dams. In this research, an analysis of this method is carried out, with application on dumped rockfills.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128592807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obras y proyectosPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-28132021000200039
L. Dorador, Carolina E. Barrera, Jorge Rozas, F. Villalobos
{"title":"Analysis of the effect of fines content and loading frequency on the shear modulus and damping ratio of gravels","authors":"L. Dorador, Carolina E. Barrera, Jorge Rozas, F. Villalobos","doi":"10.4067/s0718-28132021000200039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-28132021000200039","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic properties of coarse granular soils have been much less studied than in sands. From a database of 14 gravel samples subjected to cyclic triaxial tests, available relationships are studied and new proposed to estimate the normalised shear modulus G/G max and the damping ratio D as a function of shear strain γ. The effect of confining stress, fines content, uniformity coefficient and loading frequency on the variation of G/ G max and D versus γ is analysed. It is obtained that G/G max is dependent on confinement, but not on loading frequency. 85.6% of the data converge in an error band of less than 25% for the proposed formulation. The damping D does depend on fines content as well as confinement and loading frequency. The proposed formulation for D has a 56% probability of having errors less than 25%. estudiadas que en arenas. A una base de de 14 muestras de gravas sometidas a ensayos triaxiales cíclicos, estudian relaciones disponibles y se proponen para estimar el módulo de corte normalizado G/G max y de G/G max y G/G max confinamiento, la de carga. 85.6% de los datos converge una banda de error menor al 25% para la formulación propuesta.","PeriodicalId":391731,"journal":{"name":"Obras y proyectos","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129013541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}