Journal of Radio Electronics最新文献

{"title":"Domain structure in non-stochiometric Heusler alloys based on Ni-Mn-In","authors":"D. Kuznetsov, A. Mashirov, E. Kuznetsova, A.V. Prokunin, D. Danilov, I. Musabirov, V. Koledov, V. Shavrov","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between antiphase boundaries (APBs), antiphase domains (APDs) and the functional properties of alloys of the Ni-Mn-In system has been studied. The density of APBs was controlled using various thermal treatments. The fine domain structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results obtained are discussed in the context of the possibility of modeling and designing materials with specified characteristics and properties.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"132 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of interference in an electronic device under influence of a pulse magnetic field using an artificial neural network","authors":"Z. Gizatullin, R. Gizatullin, R. Mubarakov","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"Modern electronic means are quite sensitive to electromagnetic interference. At the same time, they must function reliably in the existing electromagnetic environment. Lightning discharges and industrial sources make a significant contribution to the formation of the electromagnetic environment around electronic equipment. In this case, pulsed magnetic fields with microsecond parameters most often arise. The most rational approach to ensuring electromagnetic compatibility of electronic means is the most complete accounting and protection from possible phenomena at the design stage. Different methods for modeling the consequences of exposure to electromagnetic interference have their own advantages and disadvantages. To develop a technique and modeling interference in electronic means based on an artificial neural network using the example of the influence of a pulsed magnetic field a the purpose of this work. A practical technique for calculation the magnitude of interference in electronic means using an artificial neural network the paper proposes. All stages of the technique are described: analysis of the main input parameters affecting the amount of interference in the electronic means; the use of a special experimental stand for measuring interference depending on significant input parameters; choosing the structure and parameters of an artificial neural network to modeling interference; choosing a training method for an artificial neural network; choosing a criterion for assessing the quality of training when solving a regression problem; normalization of training data; training an artificial neural network using measured data; modeling the amount of interference in the communication line of an electronic means when exposed to a pulsed magnetic field; assessment of consequences and selection of methods of protection against interference. As an example, we consider the problem of modeling the amount of interference in a communication line inside an electronic means when exposed to a pulsed magnetic field. The magnetic field has parameters recommended by the requirements of the regulatory document on electromagnetic compatibility of devices. In the problem under consideration, an acceptable discrepancy in results is achieved with an acceptable number of neural network training epochs.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"187 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141056948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The calculation algorithm of sublattise magnetizations in two-sublattice ferrimagnet with compensation point. Part 2. Power index approximation","authors":"D. Suslov, V. Shavrov, V. Shcheglov","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"The calculation algorithm of sublattice magnetizations in two-sublattice ferrimagnet with compensation point is proposed. On the consideration of magnetic as the combination of spin with two orientations it is found the dependence of magnetization from the temperature in the firm of transcendent equation. The calculated decision of this equation make the coincidence the calculated dependence with experiment in precision about 10%. For the analytic presentation of magnetization temperature dependence in obviously view it is proposed the power index approximation which consist of relation magnetic temperature to curie temperature in six power index. On the basis of power index approximation the phase diagram of two-sublattice ferrimagnet with compensation point is constructed. It is shown the scheme of sublattice magnetization determination on the basis of using meanings by temperature character points of phase diagram lower branch. It is found the equation system which connects the character points parameters with magnetizations in initial point and in the point of maximum of diagram in the temperature more than compensation. By solving this equation system it is found the enough simple analytical expressions which determine the saturation magnetizations both sublattices through parameters of character points on lower brunch of phase diagram. The proposed methods is applied to determination of sublattice magnetizations in experiments by measuring summary magnetization which are curried out on the films of two different compositions using the vibration magnetometer. For the examination of determined meanings the comparison with constructed on its basis phase diagram with the diagram determined in experiment was carried out. The examination shows the coincidence calculated data with experiment in limits from 8 to 40%. The analysis of correspondence determined diagram data with experimental data. It is found the good (to part of percent) coincidence of whole magnetization meaning in the beginning of diagram and also the coincidence of compensation temperature and Curie temperature. For the interpretation of visible deflections it is proposed the hypothesis about influence of third sublattice which changes the magnetizations of main sublattices. It is proposed some recommendations for further development of investigations.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141045738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2-bit Patcharatnam-Berry metasurfaces with orbital angular momentum generation, interference and cancellation for broadband RCS reduction","authors":"A. Semenikhin, D. Semenikhina","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"The radar cross-section (RCS) reduction using non-absorbing digital Patcharatnam-Berry (PB) metasurfaces (MSs), consisting of 2-bit modules with generation, interference and cancellation of vortex electromagnetic waves with orbital angular momentum (OAM) is studied. Each module has a helical PB-phase profile and possesses vortex scattering. Module unit cells contain a shielded dielectric substrate and meta-particles in the form of triple-coupled split-ring resonators. The modules are distinguished by 2-bit coding of the initial tilt angle of the meta-particles 0º, 45º, 90º and 135º. The purpose of the work is to numerically analyze the generation of antiphase vortex beams (VBs) by OAM-modules and to assess the influence of interference and cancellation of antiphase vortices on the structure and order of OAM in the resulting field and the RCS reduction of three digital MSs in the form of 2´2 lattice of 2-bit OAM-modules of different sizes with different topological charges. The scattering characteristics are studied using HFSS for normally incident circularly polarized waves using of the finite element method. The simulation showed that the interference of phase vortices of four OAM-modules forms the main axial vortex and N additional interference side near and far vortices (N depends on the size of the MS). Interference vortex beams create phase singularities and zero the resulting far field in N side directions over the entire forward hemisphere. The intense OAM modes of the main vortex beams are of the fourth or eighth order. The OAM modes of adjacent interference VBs, as a rule, differ in sign. The proposed 2-bit MSs provide wider-angle phase cancellation of vortex fields (compared to 1-bit MSs) and, as a consequence, wider-angle diffuse scattering of the resulting field of the MS, which is important for RCS reduction.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D constructions of coupled strip lines and their application in microwave devices (review)","authors":"N. Malyutin, T.T. Trinh","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"The review discusses 3D designs of coupled strip lines and their application in microwave devices. It is noted that 3D designs of coupled strip lines have advantages over other strip structures due to the possibility of forming a strong electromagnetic coupling between the strips. This result is achieved by simple technological methods, such as installing a vertical substrate with soldering (or welding) of conductors oriented horizontally and vertically on the substrates, respectively. The article briefly covers the history of development and provides a classification of these structures. The advantages and disadvantages of devices built based on such structures are analyzed. Methods for analyzing them and improving their characteristics are considered. It is emphasized that three-dimensional designs of coupled strip lines represent a promising direction in the development of microwave technologies and can be widely used in various devices.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141025930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patcharatnam-Berry metasurfaces with angular orbital momentum generation and combined phase coding for wideband wide-angle RCS reduction","authors":"A. Semenikhin, D. Semenikhina","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.9","url":null,"abstract":"The phase mechanism of a broadband wide-angle radar cross-section (RCS) reduction is examined, based on the use of non-absorbing Patcharatnam-Berry (PB) metasurfaces (MSs) with the generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) and a combination of different phase profiles. MS unit cells contain a thin shielded single-layer substrate and meta-particles in the form of perforated rectangular patches with a coded rotation angle. The purpose of the work is to compare the scattering characteristics and scattered field cancelation efficiency for structural elements (modules) of a MS, consisting of the same number of meta-particles, but having different PB-phase profiles. A profile with an azimuthal gradient, which forms broadband scattering of vortex waves with OAM, profiles with radial and linear gradients and anomalous scattering, parabolic profiles with wide-angle scattering, and various combined phase profiles are analyzed. The purpose of the work is comparing the scattering characteristics. The MS modules scattering characteristics are studied using the HFSS (finite element method) for co-polarization and cross-polarization in the case of irradiation with a normally incident plane circular polarized wave. The simulation showed that the scattering diagrams of the co-polarized MS field in these cases have a funnel-shaped vortex character with an intense OAM minus the first order (the order of the OAM remains the same as for an MS with an azimuthal phase gradient). OAM generation significantly suppresses backscattering by co-polarization. The far-field phase in the vortex region depends not only on the azimuthal, but also on the meridional observation angles. The combination of OAM and parabolic profile increases the diffusion of broadband scattering, realizes a wider-angle scattering of the resulting field with a vortex opening angle of about 100° (at an average frequency of 14 GHz), which is important for RCS reduction.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141130445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of additive technologies for the manufacture of a model of the slow system of a millimeter waveband traveling wave tube","authors":"A. A. Ivanov, M. Morozkin, A.A. Orlovskiy, M. Proyavin, R. Rozental, M.Yu. Shmelev","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.7","url":null,"abstract":"Using the technology of photopolymer three-dimensional printing with subsequent metallization, a prototype of a slow-wave system for a Q-band traveling wave lamp was manufactured. The deviations in the size of one period of the slow-wave system detected on the measuring microscope did not exceed 5 μm. The results of “cold” electrodynamic measurements of the manufactured system demonstrated good agreement with the calculated data.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"49 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141042962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of a waveguide filter to isolate the third harmonic radiation of the cyclotron frequency of a high-current ka-band gyrotron","authors":"A. Leontyev, K. Mineev, R. Rozental","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.4","url":null,"abstract":"The calculation of a mode filter for a circular waveguide designed to isolate a high-order TE mode consistent with its field has been carried out. A theoretical justification and results of electrodynamic modeling are given using the example of identifying the third harmonic TE12,4 mode of the gyrotron against the background of predominant radiation at the fundamental cyclotron harmonic in the TE4,2 mode.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"263 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141039481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle-in-cells simulation of the dynamics of coupled gyrotrons","authors":"N. Ginzburg, I. Zotova, R. Rozental, A. Sergeev","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.11","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of mutual synchronization of two coupled gyrotrons in the 170 GHz waveband was simulated using the particle-in-cells method. To reduce the calculation time, an approach based on replacing the asymmetric operating mode with an equivalent axisymmetric mode was used. As a result, the dimension of the problem is reduced, and instead of three-dimensional modeling, 2.5-dimensional modeling can be used. The limiting case is considered when the lowest axisymmetric mode of the circular waveguide TE01 is chosen as the equivalent mode. The results obtained are demonstrated to be in good agreement with the traditional approach based on modeling of averaged equations.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"197 S577","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the electron drift in graphene on the polarization conversion of a normally incident wave","authors":"I. M. Moiseenko, V. V. Popov, Moiseenko Ilia Mikhailovich","doi":"10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2024.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"The polarization conversion of an electromagnetic wave normally incident on graphene with a direct electric current is investigated in the hydrodynamic approach. It is shown that the dynamic conductivity of graphene depends on the direction of electron drift even in the absence of spatial dispersion (i.e., for long electromagnetic waves). This changes the polarization of electromagnetic radiation at terahertz frequencies. The real part of the dynamic conductivity of graphene with electron drift can be negative, which leads to amplification of terahertz wave.","PeriodicalId":391686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio Electronics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141029000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}