Medicinski Casopis最新文献_第2页

Effect of tobacco cigarettes on rats' oral microbiota 香烟对大鼠口腔微生物群的影响

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-41893

T. Popova, Rozana Nazarjan, Oksana Nakonečna, Vitalij Gargin

{"title":"Effect of tobacco cigarettes on rats' oral microbiota","authors":"T. Popova, Rozana Nazarjan, Oksana Nakonečna, Vitalij Gargin","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-41893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-41893","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The tobacco usage is a risk factor of the variety oral diseases. To date, the effect of this risk factor on the composition of the oral microbial community has been considered by single studies with unclear pathogenic links. One of the possible factors that could be critical is a severe disturbance microbiota of oral cavity under influence of smoking, so the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the microflora of rats exposed to tobacco cigarette smoke. Methods. We compared the composition of the oral microflora of 20 WAG rats were exposed to smoke of tobacco cigarette and 10 control rats using a culture-based methods targeted at microbial taxonomic and functional profile. Differences between groups were analyzed with nonparametric the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Paired data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and Friedman's ANOVA test. Data presented are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) numbers of colony-forming units per ml (CFU/ml). Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Results. At the experiment 60th day, comparative analysis of the microbiota showed that microbiological composition varied considerably between the two groups. In the rats influenced by cigarette smoke, exposure time-related reductions in commensal microflora were noted. At the end of the experiment, the commensal bacteria were markedly reduced. In contrast, the opportunistic bacterial diversity was increased and represented by Gram-negative microorganisms as the major phyla. Conclusion. We conclude that alterations in the composition, diversity, and function of the oral microbiome occur in association with tobacco smoke components and exposition term. The established risk factors for oral dysbiosis, especially after long-term exposure may contribute to disease development of the oral cavity.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Periureteral endometriosis: A case report 输尿管周围子宫内膜异位症1例

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-34854

V. Tofiloska, G. Dimitrov, S. Jovčevski, E. Dzikova, J. Georgievska

引用次数: 0

The effect of the early "skin-to-skin" contact method on breastfeeding 早期“肌肤接触”方法对母乳喂养的影响

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-39515

Jelena Miolski, M. Raus, Milica Radusinović, V. Zdravković

{"title":"The effect of the early \"skin-to-skin\" contact method on breastfeeding","authors":"Jelena Miolski, M. Raus, Milica Radusinović, V. Zdravković","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-39515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-39515","url":null,"abstract":"The task of public health is to encourage the mother to initiate and maintain breastfeeding of her child. The main proponents of early breastfeeding should be pediatricians and gynecologists in maternity hospitals. Early \"skin-to-skin\" contact means that after birth, in the first ten minutes, the newborn is placed in close contact with the mother. After it is born and cries, it is transferred to the bare chest of the mother, who is comfortably placed in bed with her head elevated. The child is placed in a longitudinal position in relation to her, between and above her breasts. The child's head is turned to the side with mandatory monitoring of breathing, and both are covered with a clean, dry sheet. The basis of the mechanism is hormonal. With this kind of mutual contact, oxytocin is released in the mother, and catecholamine concentrations increase in the newborn. The first two hours after birth, the newborn is awake, active, sensitive to touch, smell and temperature simulations that he receives from the mother, which is why this period is the best for starting breastfeeding. The advantages of this method for the mother are: easier and faster stopping of bleeding after childbirth, earlier expulsion of the placenta, greater calmness and relaxation, as well as greater self-efficacy in breastfeeding. The advantages for the newborn are: reduction of postpartum stress and anxiety, less crying, better control of reaching optimal body temperature, importance in establishing microcolonization of the intestinal flora and more effective breastfeeding with earlier discharge from the hospital to home. The application of this method is simple and economically profitable, and short-term and long-term effects are achieved for both the mother and the child.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patellofemoral joint: Morphology, dysplasia and influence on the onset of chondromalacia of the patella 髌股关节:形态、发育不良及对髌骨软骨软化症发病的影响

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-43564

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D in the diet and its effects on the nervous system 饮食中的维生素D及其对神经系统的影响

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-40957

Marko Koprivica, J. Bjelanović

引用次数: 0

Cigarette consumption among University students in Montenegro: The prevalence and smoking habits 黑山大学学生的卷烟消费:流行程度和吸烟习惯

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-37724

V. Bošković, Jelena Vlaović-Bošković, A. Ljaljević, Batrić Babović, Ž. Slović, Snežana Ćorović, Aleksandar Nenadović, O. Mihaljević

{"title":"Cigarette consumption among University students in Montenegro: The prevalence and smoking habits","authors":"V. Bošković, Jelena Vlaović-Bošković, A. Ljaljević, Batrić Babović, Ž. Slović, Snežana Ćorović, Aleksandar Nenadović, O. Mihaljević","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-37724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-37724","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cigarette consumption and the differences in smoking habits among university students aged 18-26 years from different faculties in Montenegro. Method. This cross-sectional study was conducted in University of Montenegro in Podgorica and the data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results. The study enrolled 146 students of both genders (63 males and 83 females) with an average age of 21.63 ± 2.16 years. It was shown that overall prevalence of cigarette consumption was 52.05% among all participants i.e. 21.62% among the students of Faculty of Medicine (p < 0.001). Among the students who practiced smoking, 46.57% of them stated that it was in the period of high school. We did not estimate a significant difference in the daily smoking frequency (number of cigarettes per day) (p = 0.443). Also, study participants did not have a specific time during the day for cigarette consumption (67.20%). The largest number of students (40.70%) light the first cigarette more than half an hour after waking up. University students believed that cigarette smoking could help overcome stressful situations, and that it improved concentration and memory. Smoking status was found to be higher among the students of older age (p < 0.001) and advancing year of faculty (p = 0.002). The analysis showed no significant gender difference in smoking habits. Conclusion. Our investigation confirmed a high prevalence of cigarette consumption among university students in Montenegro, and therefore we recommend that appropriate programs for smoking prevention and cessation be developed.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The effect of COVID-19 anxiety on sexual function of healthcare providers: A cross-sectional survey study COVID-19焦虑对医护人员性功能的影响:一项横断面调查研究

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-36544

Maryam Firouzabadi, Naimeh Pourramezani, Fatemeh Alavi-Arjas, Mohadeseh Balvardi, Neda Badrabadi

{"title":"The effect of COVID-19 anxiety on sexual function of healthcare providers: A cross-sectional survey study","authors":"Maryam Firouzabadi, Naimeh Pourramezani, Fatemeh Alavi-Arjas, Mohadeseh Balvardi, Neda Badrabadi","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-36544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-36544","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Coronavirus disease epidemic in 2019 (COVID-19) posed a big challenge to healthcare providers. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between coronavirus anxiety and the sexual function of healthcare providers. Methods. In this study, an online survey was used to explore the relationship between anxiety and sexual function in healthcare providers during COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire included Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS). Results. A total of 300 healthcare providers were investigated in this study. The estimated self-reported rates of mild anxiety symptoms were 49%, moderate 29.2% and severe were 29.9%. The total mean score of FSFI of healthcare providers were 19.1 (SD=4.4). The results showed that on the total scale, 40.9% of healthcare providers had mild anxiety. The results also indicated that female sexual function is inversely correlated with anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic. Also, it was shown that anxiety during COVID-19 is inversely correlated with sexual functioning. Conclusion. This study presented the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and sexual function in healthcare providers. Therefore, psychological or sexual assistance may be beneficial.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Euthanasia and moral dilemmas 安乐死和道德困境

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-37171

Milos Arsic

{"title":"Euthanasia and moral dilemmas","authors":"Milos Arsic","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-37171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-37171","url":null,"abstract":"The permissibility of the practice of voluntarily ending the life of a seriously ill person, in order to deprive him of further pain and suffering, is the subject of numerous and heated debates. The attitudes on this complex issue, to put it mildly, are not unanimous. While on one hand, the supporters of euthanasia affirmatively speak about the act in question and advocate for its legalization, its opponents, presenting it as a negation of basic human rights and the right to life, tend to render meaningless any positive effect it could bring. In the shadow of the relationship between the right to life and the right to decide on death, there is the controversy about the justification of euthanasia from the legal standpoint, as well as the moral segment of this act, which must not be neglected. In this regard, the question arises whether it is moral to decide on the end of one's own life, having in mind the fact that no one participated in making the decision to start it. Another important issue is the influence of the circumstances of a specific case, including the type of disease, and the intensity of pain and suffering to which the person is exposed, on the moral assessment of making the decision to end a life or executing this decision. The main task of the theoretical treatment is to get acquainted with the basic features of the act of euthanasia, its perception through the prism of moral norms, both from the point of view of the person who decides to end his own life and from the point of view of the doctor who implements the decision. The choice of the subject of this theoretical treatment is motivated, above all, by its practical significance, as well as by the need for constant moral re-examination of one's own actions, especially in the context of the serious crisis of the value system that characterizes the modern era.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid dentification of etiological agents of respiratory tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic using the multiplex-PCR method 应用多重pcr方法快速鉴定COVID-19大流行期间呼吸道感染病原

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-41198

Sanja Zornic, Ivana Petrović, Bojana Luković, Jelena D Zivadinovic, Jelena Arsić, Lazar Bezarević, Zorana Đorđević

{"title":"Rapid dentification of etiological agents of respiratory tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic using the multiplex-PCR method","authors":"Sanja Zornic, Ivana Petrović, Bojana Luković, Jelena D Zivadinovic, Jelena Arsić, Lazar Bezarević, Zorana Đorđević","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-41198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-41198","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Most respiratory infections have similar symptoms, so it is clinically difficult to determine their etiology. This study aimed to show the importance of molecular diagnostics in identifying the etiological agent of respiratory infections, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods. A total of 849 samples from patients hospitalized at the University Clinical Center Kragujevac (from January 1 to August 1, 2022) were examined using automated multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. The BioFire-FilmArray-Respiratory Panel 2.1 test was used for 742 nasopharyngeal swabs [identification of 19 viruses (including SARS-CoV-2) and four bacteria], while the BioFire-FilmArray-Pneumonia Panel was used [identification of 18 bacteria and nine viruses] (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) for 107 tracheal aspirates. The tests were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions, and the results were available within an hour. Results. In 582 (78.4%) samples, the BioFire-FilmArray-Respiratory Panel 2.1 plus test identified at least one pathogen. The rhinovirus (20.6%), SARS-CoV-2 (17.7%), influenza A (17.5%), respiratory syncytial virus (12.4%), and parainfluenza 3 (10.1%) were the most common. Other viruses were found less frequently, and Bordetella parapertussis was detected in one sample. In 85 (79.4%) samples, the BioFire-FilmArray-Pneumonia Panel test identified at least one bacterium or virus. The most prevalent bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (42.4%), Haemophilus influenzae (41.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (36.5%), Moraxella catarrhalis (22.3%), and Legionella pneumophila (2.4%). Among viruses, rhinovirus (36.5%), adenovirus (23.5%), influenza A (11.8%), and the genus Coronavirus (4.7%), were detected. Conclusion. Multiplex-PCR tests improved the implementation of therapeutic and epidemiological measures, preventing the spread of the COVID-19 infection and Legionnaires' disease.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of exercises for strengthening pelvic floor muscles in pregnant women 加强孕妇盆底肌肉锻炼的效果

Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/mckg56-37747

Ranka Ogurlić, Anka Vukićević, Ljiljana Stijepović

{"title":"Effects of exercises for strengthening pelvic floor muscles in pregnant women","authors":"Ranka Ogurlić, Anka Vukićević, Ljiljana Stijepović","doi":"10.5937/mckg56-37747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mckg56-37747","url":null,"abstract":"The pelvic floor is a complex network formed by deep and superficial muscle structures, the vaginal wall and fascia that provides support to the pelvic organs and maintains continence. Changes in the urinary and muscular system during pregnancy cause pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). By strengthening these muscles, the symptoms of incontinence can be alleviated. The aim of this paper is to prove the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle strengthening exercises in the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence in pregnant women through a systematic review of the available literature. Using the keywords \"pelvic floor exercises\", \"urinary incontinence\", \"pregnancy\", \"prevention\", \"prenatal period\" and \"postnatal period\", three independent authors searched database search engines (PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Cochrane Library) for relevant articles from October 2021 to April 2022 using the predetermined criteria, and selected potential papers. The search resulted in 75 works. The papers older than five years, not available in full text, or not written in English were excluded. Ten works that met the criteria were included in the research. The selection was made by using the Jovell and Navarro-Rubio classification of study designs. The classified papers have provided evidence of the importance of prenatal exercises in improving pelvic floor muscle contractility. Structured, supervised training increases the strength of these muscles, reduces urinary symptoms and incontinence. The exercises to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor prevent incontinence, reduce the intensity of symptoms and improve the quality of life during pregnancy and postpartum. Health experts have a significant contribution in the education of pregnant women. It is a priority to develop standardized educational programs through which these exercises will be effectively applied.","PeriodicalId":39117,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Casopis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70987263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0