Journal of Chiropractic Humanities最新文献

{"title":"The Value of Interprofessional Learning Through Patient Simulation in Developing Interprofessional Relationships: Medical Students’ Perspectives","authors":"Tamara G. Pooke PhD,&nbsp;Sheng Hui Kioh MSc,&nbsp;Yenlin Lee BSc","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2021.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2021.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to explore the value of interprofessional learning in developing interprofessional relationships, as perceived by medical students<span> participating as simulated patients for chiropractic students.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study of university medical students, using an online survey and interview sessions, was conducted at the International Medical University, Malaysia, from July 2020 to October 2020. Only students who had previously participated as a simulated patient within a chiropractic examination setting were included; this involved interacting with chiropractic students in observed structured clinical examinations, including history taking, physical examination or motion palpation, and adjustment setups for end-of-semester examinations. Survey responses focused on themes of interprofessional learning, with values of reduction of prejudice, increase in understanding, and improved collaborative attitude. These responses were grouped as positive, neutral, or negative based on Likert scores. Interview responses were analyzed and categorized according to the survey themes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fifteen male medical students aged 23 to 26 years completed the questionnaire and interview. Respondents perceived that their experience helped clarify doubts on the scope of chiropractic (66.7%), the role of a chiropractor<span> (80%), and chiropractic professional practices (80%). A majority of respondents (80%) felt that being a simulated patient increased their willingness to learn collaboratively with chiropractic students. Most (93.3%) responded positively to being more willing to work with other health care professionals.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study showed an overall positive perception among medical students of developing interprofessional relationships with chiropractors and other health care professionals. The results suggest that opportunities for interprofessional learning between chiropractic and other health care programs may assist with the long-term goal of promoting patient-centered care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"28 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39888962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1556-3499(21)00008-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-3499(21)00008-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"28 ","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556349921000085/pdfft?md5=9af362387f596c747996d59878b12d4d&pid=1-s2.0-S1556349921000085-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134679995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hypothesis of Biotensegrity and D. D. Palmer's Hypothesis on Tone: A Discussion of Their Alignment","authors":"Desmond C. Wiggins DC, MPH,&nbsp;Roger M. Engel DC, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this article is to compare D. D. Palmer's hypothesis of tone with the modern hypothesis of biotensegrity.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Although researchers have been using the hypothesis of biotensegrity for over 40 years to explain the mechanics of movement within biological systems, it has experienced revived support in the last 25 years. Biotensegrity as a concept is applied at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels, revealing a different understanding of the architecture of biological organisms. Biotensegrity offers a way of exploring the human body in the field of functional anatomy<span>. The model has become popular among bodywork and movement practitioners, as it recognizes the wholeness of the human body. D. D. Palmer used tone to explain the origin of disease; biotensegrity, instead, explains why certain diseases may develop.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The concept of tone hypothesized by D. D. Palmer is different from the modern concept of biotensegrity. Although biotensegrity offers a different way of seeing how the human body functions, using it as a theoretical framework to explain the effects of manual therapies such as chiropractic may be premature. The use of the biotensegrity hypothesis requires further research and investigation before application in clinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38377335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Federal Employees’ Compensation Act and Mandating the Use of X-ray for Chiropractic Management of Federal Employees: An Exploration of Concerns and a Call to Action","authors":"Jeff J. Askew DC ,&nbsp;Karl C. Kranz DC, Esq ,&nbsp;Wayne M. Whalen DC","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>The purpose of this article is to explore concerns regarding sections of the federal workers’ compensation law that apply to the treatment and management of work-related injuries of federal employees by </span>chiropractors, and to offer a call to action for change.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p><span><span>A 1974 amendment to the Federal Employees’ Compensation Act (FECA) stipulates that chiropractic services rendered to injured federal workers are reimbursable. However, the only reimbursable chiropractic treatment is “manual manipulation of the spine to correct a </span>subluxation<span> as demonstrated by X-ray to exist.” This means the chiropractor must take radiographs in order to be reimbursed. As with other health care<span> professions, chiropractors are expected to practice according to best practices guided by studies in the scientific literature. Yet in the federal workers’ compensation arena, this law requires chiropractors to practice in a manner that is fiscally wasteful, contradicts current </span></span></span>radiology<span> standards, and may expose patients to unnecessary X-ray radiation. Presently, there is discord between what the law mandates, chiropractic training and scope, and what professional guidelines recommend. In this article we discuss how FECA creates problems in the following 7 categories: direct harm, indirect harm, contradiction of best practices, ethical dilemma, barriers to conservative treatment, fiscal waste, and discrimination.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The 1974 FECA provision requiring chiropractors to take radiographs regardless of presenting medical necessity should be updated to reflect current chiropractic education, training, and best practice. To resolve this discrepancy, we suggest that the radiographic requirement and the limitations placed on chiropractic physicians should be removed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38377331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro Bono Services in 4 Health Care Professions: A Discussion of Exemplars","authors":"Kassandre Goupil MSc, DC,&nbsp;F. Stuart Kinsinger DC, MA","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this article is to discuss exemplars of pro bono and charity activities in health care<span> professions.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched PubMed and Google Scholar from inception to August 2019 using search terms “pro bono healthcare,” “medical volunteerism,” “pro bono clinics OR free clinics OR organizations,” “pro bono curriculum OR education,” “underserved OR uninsured OR underinsured OR disadvantaged OR poor populations.” Inclusion criteria were that practitioners, students, or volunteers be involved in pro bono care or education and in any discipline, including medicine, physical therapy, chiropractic<span>, or dentistry.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We selected 5 exemplars to review, and determined that students can benefit from participation in pro bono or charity health care such as through a student administered clinic model. Academic curricula can play a role in building confidence and create positive attitudes and behaviors regarding pro bono and charity activities, and nonprofit organizations can help build sustainable models.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We conclude that the implementation and delivery of health care pro bono or charity services can fill a health care gap and can be applied successfully in the health professions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38377332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Vitalism Ethos and the Chiropractic Health Care Paradigm","authors":"John T. Thornhill DC","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purposes of this article are to describe the development of vitalism from its earliest Hellenistic form to that of a contemporary vitalism ethos and to propose the importance of vitalism in the philosophy of chiropractic and the chiropractic health care paradigm.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>A review of the history of vitalism is offered to clarify the use of the term within the chiropractic literature and to provide a defensible position for vitalism as a foundation for future research in the philosophy of chiropractic. The founder of chiropractic, Daniel David Palmer, drew heavily from spiritualism and vitalism in his construction of early chiropractic philosophy. As chiropractic practice and philosophy have evolved, that vitalistic foundation has become a polemic used by factions within the profession, resulting in political challenges. The controversy within chiropractic mirrors similar debates within academic philosophy regarding vitalism. The philosophy of vitalism has developed beyond its classical constructs, emerging as an ethos amenable to informing research within clinical applications and a perspective capable of informing the identity of chiropractic.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Exploring the broad historical context of vitalism may allow for an understanding of the plurality of vitalist ideas and a clarification of the concept within chiropractic literature. Adopting vitalism within the philosophy of chiropractic as an ethos based on the work of Georges Canguilhem provides a view of life as fundamentally original, adaptable, and unpredictable, and therefore not sufficiently understood in purely reductionist terms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 59-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38377334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-Coverage Chiropractic in Medicare: A Proposal to Eliminate Inequities, Improve Outcomes, and Reduce Health Disparities Without Increasing Overall Program Costs","authors":"Robert A. Leach DC, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this article is to discuss evidence that supports the resolution of inequities for Medicare beneficiaries who receive chiropractic care.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p><span><span>Medicare covers necessary examinations, imaging, exercise instruction, and treatments for beneficiaries with </span>back pain<span><span><span> when provided by medical doctors, osteopaths, and their associated support staff such as nurse practitioners, </span>physician assistants, </span>clinical nurse specialists, and physical therapists. However, if the same patient with back pain presents to a </span></span>chiropractor<span>, then the only service that is covered by Medicare is manipulation of the spine. Current evidence does not support this inequity in Medicare beneficiary service coverage. There is no evidence to show an increase in serious risks associated with chiropractic treatment of neck or back pain in Medicare beneficiaries. Chiropractors support national public health<span> goals and endorse safe, evidence-based practices. Chiropractic care for Medicare beneficiaries has been associated with enhanced clinical outcomes such as faster recovery, fewer back surgeries a year later, reduced opioid-associated disability, fewer traumatic injuries and falls, and slower declines in activities of daily living and disability over time. Further evidence points to lower costs, fewer medical physician visits for low back pain, less opioid-related expense, and less back-surgery expense with chiropractic utilization. Use is lower among vulnerable populations: seniors, lower income women, and black and Hispanic beneficiaries who may be most affected by current inequities associated with the limited coverage. In this era of evidence-based and patient-centered care, beneficiaries who receive chiropractic care are very satisfied with the care they receive.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The current evidence suggests a need for change in US policy toward chiropractic in Medicare and support for HR 3654. Ending inequities by providing patients full coverage for chiropractic services has the potential to enhance care outcomes and reduce health disparities without increasing program costs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38377333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1556-3499(20)30010-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1556-3499(20)30010-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1556-3499(20)30010-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136591108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiropractic in the United States Military Health System: A 25th-Anniversary Celebration of the Early Years","authors":"Bart N. Green DC, MSEd, PhD ,&nbsp;Scott R. Gilford DC ,&nbsp;Richard F. Beacham DC","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>The purpose of this report is to record noteworthy events that occurred during the early years of chiropractic in the United States Military </span>Health System (MHS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used mixed methods to create this historical account, including documents, artifacts, research papers, and reports from personal experiences.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Chiropractic care was first included in the MHS in 1995, after years of legislative activity. The initial program was a 3-year study of the feasibility and advisability of integrating chiropractic in the MHS. This period was called the Chiropractic Health Care Demonstration Project; 20 pioneering </span>chiropractors<span> began their MHS journeys at 10 military bases in fiscal year 1995. The Demonstration Project was extended for 2 more years to gather research data, and 3 additional military facilities were added during those years to accomplish that purpose. The Demonstration Project concluded in 1999. In 2000, Congress approved the development of permanent chiropractic services and benefits for members of the uniformed services. These new clinics opened in 2002.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This is the first article to chronicle the history of chiropractic in the MHS, and highlights some of the important events in the early years of chiropractors working within the MHS. Because of the efforts of the early MHS chiropractors to pave the way for a permanent chiropractic benefit for the deserving members of the United States uniformed services, chiropractic care is now offered at more than 60 United States military facilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 37-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.10.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38865841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiropractic Day: A Historical Review of a Day Worth Celebrating","authors":"Claire D. Johnson DC, MSEd, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2020.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss historical concepts about the celebration of Chiropractic Day.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Daniel David Palmer attributed September 18, 1895 to be the day that he delivered the first chiropractic adjustment. As the chiropractic profession grew, the celebration of Chiropractic Day became more widespread throughout the United States and the world. This paper offers suggestions about how to celebrate Chiropractic Day. Activities include educating, learning, honoring, volunteering, and engaging.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>The chiropractic profession celebrates its birth on September 18. Regardless of the many different names used over the past 125 years, including Chiropractic Founder's Day, Chiropractic Rally Day, Chiropractic Anniversary, and Chiropractic Discovery Day, the celebration of this special day provides an opportunity to reflect on how far the profession has come and how </span>chiropractors continue to help and serve their patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2020.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39054935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}