Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)最新文献

{"title":"Observation and modeling of the ice-covered ecosystem in the lagoon","authors":"Y. Nishi, S. Tabeta","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406371","url":null,"abstract":"A field observation was conducted in ice-covered coastal lagoon, Saroma-ko (Hokkaido, Japan) during the period from late February to mid March in 2004. The samples of the ice core and water were collected and the concentration of chlorophyll a, particulate organic matter and nutrients in both ice and water were measured. As a result, a bloom of ice algae was observed at the end of the February whereas the bio mass of pelagic phytoplankton had remained low during the observational period. In order to quantitatively clarify the behavior of material transport in the ecosystem, a coupled ice-ocean ecosystem model developed in our previous study is used. The model reproduced the observed bloom of the ice algae with good accuracy. The model results show that the organic matter accumulated in the ice by the production of the ice algae was effectively transported into the pelagic system by means of physical releasing effects, which is effective especially in the ice-melting period and that the nutrients consumed by the activity of biological production were effectively transported from the water by the above effects.","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121438863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of marine GIS using information from sonar for coastal fisheries","authors":"A. Hamano, Y. Umetani, H. Tanoue, T. Nakamura","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402954","url":null,"abstract":"The present report aims at showing the effectiveness of the geographic information system (GIS) techniques for enhancing the coastal fisheries. The acoustic information from scanning sonar was adopted to visualize the distribution of fish schools and quantify their behavior. To collect the information of the fish schools on a real-time basis with a high economic/effort efficiency, the 3D view was developed using GIS spatial analysis techniques. The combined use of information from the GIS spatial analysis and acoustic method has provided a significant step in determining the real features of fish schools in the water","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131534633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic classification of diving sperm whales by analysis of click time delay using two hydrophones","authors":"R. Bahl, T. Nakatani, T. Ura, M. Sakata","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406513","url":null,"abstract":"A simple and easily implemented observation method to observe sperm whales that swim in groups and repeatedly dive to depths of more than 1,000 m, is desirable in order to understand their underwater behavior. In this paper, we propose a passive acoustic method of classification and localization of individual whales, which does not disturb them, by analyzing click sound data captured by two hydrophones suspended from two boats. We classify the whales based upon the time delay between the direct clicks and their surface reflections on each hydrophone, and also the time delay between the direct clicks observed at the hydrophones. The former time delays identify two hyperboloids of potential whale locations, since the reflection on the sea surface is equivalent to the signal received at a virtual hydrophone. A third hyperboloid is similarly obtained from the latter time delay. The three hyperboloids intersect at two points when the depths of two hydrophones and the distance between the two boats, which correspond to baselines of hyperbolic positioning, are known. The whale depths and locations can be determined with symmetric ambiguity about the baseline between the boats. One of the advantages of this method is that the depth of the whales can be calculated independently from the horizontal distance between the two hydrophones. An analysis has been carried out using data collected off the Islands of Ogasawara in the summer of 2003. This method effectively distinguished six whales in conformity with visual investigation","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131540520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Software infrastructure and applications for the Monterey Ocean Observing System: design and implementation","authors":"T. O'Reilly, K. Headley, R. Herlien, M. Risi, D. Davis, D. Edgington, K. Gomes, T. Meese, J. Graybeal, M. Chaffey","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406448","url":null,"abstract":"MBARI's MOOS moored network is a state-of-the-art ocean observatory for interdisciplinary science, consisting of interconnected \"host nodes\" on the ocean surface, midwater, and seafloor. Each node can accommodate a wide variety of instruments. We describe some of the challenges posed by the system's functional requirements, and how those challenges are addressed by the design of the system's onboard hardware and software. Integration of diverse instruments and their protocols into the network poses major system integration and maintenance challenges, particularly in the areas of instrument installation and control, data retrieval, and data interpretation. All of these functions must be reliably performed in an often hostile environment on networked at-sea platforms that are generally power limited. We describe a distributed software architecture and implementation that addresses these challenges","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131541359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HUGIN-AUV concept and operational experiences to date","authors":"R. Marthiniussen, K. Vestgård, R. A. Klepaker, N. Størkersen","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405571","url":null,"abstract":"During the last few years autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) technology has evolved from concept demonstrators towards commercial products. The driving forces are the move for energy exploitation towards deeper waters, naval applications and the Internet driven need for more intercontinental underwater communication cables. Other applications emerging for the future would be within environmental research and monitoring and deepwater exploration. Deepwater developments beyond the continental shelf would require the same level of survey data quality and intervention access as established for shallow water. The potential for cost savings is two folds. Firstly, there is a reduction in the survey cost it self and secondly there is a considerable cost saving by avoiding over design of subsea installations due to lack of sufficient documentation of the field. In this scenario, there is an increasing understanding that underwater robotics and in particular AUVs would play an important role in future survey and subsea engineering work. The AUV as a free swimming underwater survey sensor carrier has several advantages compared to cable controlled ROVs and deep towed systems. The paper focusses on the HUGIN AUV concept and field results from the North Sea and Gulf of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127645570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibrating a 90-kHz multibearn sonar: illustrating protocols","authors":"D. Chu, K. Foote, T. Hammar, L. Hufnagle, J. Jech","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1402956","url":null,"abstract":"Protocols developed for calibrating multibeam sonar have been applied to the calibration of the Simrad SM2000/90-kHz multibeam echo sounder at the WHOI acoustic test facility in a sea well on Iselin Dock. An external transmitter was oriented perpendicularly to the equatorial plane of the receiving array, thus forming a Mills cross. A total of 128 beams, each with nominal beamwidth 1.5times1.5 deg, were formed, collectively spanning an equatorial sector of 100 deg. The stability in performance was evaluated through time series of echoes from an on-axis target These and other measurements, excepting mainly those of the time-varied gain function, were made with a transmit pulse duration of 300 mus and receiver gain function of 20 log r, where r denotes the range. Vertical beam patterns were measured to identify the equatorial plane with high precision. The dependence of the received level on the time-varied-gain function was measured for gain coefficients from 0 to 50, demonstrating linearity over the range from 0 to 30 for the particular target strengths, both about -35 dB, and ranges, 11.7 and 23.2 m, enabling extrapolation for other target strengths and ranges. The directionalities of beams in the equatorial plane and in the 2D central region were both measured. The calibration protocols are sufficient for quantitative applications of the sonar, as in fish-surveying","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127761781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy obtained by the float-type wave system","authors":"K. Hadano, P. Koirala, K. Nakano, M. Watanabe, K. Taneura","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406429","url":null,"abstract":"The authors are developing a wave energy converter which transfers wave motion into rotational motion of a shaft using a pulley, wire, float and counterweight. This paper gives a mechanical dynamic model convenient to design the prototype system. The calculation of the model was compared with a preliminary performance test held at a wharf and was found to be compatible. From the calculation of time series of various quantities, the importance of the float submergence during the work has been made clear. Time average of obtained electric power and the maximum values of various forces such as tensile force of wire have been evaluated for various conditions","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132782340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design concept of a prototype amphibious walking robot for automated shore line survey work","authors":"T. Tanaka, H. Sakai, J. Akizono","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405567","url":null,"abstract":"There are many waterside areas such as shoals or shore lines in the port areas. One of the main work is survey work in such areas. For instance, the port authorities survey the shore lines to maintain encroached beach. Tidal flats are also surveyed to monitor the environment and the ecosystem. Some of the work in the areas are carried out on weak terrain. Consequently, the primary work force is still human-intensive although the mechanization and automatization are desired from the viewpoint of efficiency. Therefore, we are on the study of automated topographic survey work in waterside areas such as shore line. We consider that this is the same also in the waterside or underwater because walking machine does not damage the terrain seriously. We have verified the validity of the countermeasure suggested by us in the experiment on land. Consequently, we have started the development of a prototype amphibious walking robot which has some unique features in the structure and composition in order to experiment our proposed method in real sea. One of the structural features is the same mechanism of all joints, and they are independent respectively to each other as watertight type joint units. This feature contributes to the simplicity of the composition of the robot. Another structural feature is that the legs and the body unit are able to be detached easily in case of the maintenance. A design concept and the features of the prototype amphibious walking robot would be described in detail. And, the progress of development of the prototype robot would be reported.","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"183 S485","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132905548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed developing processes of the northeast Honshu magmatic arc associated with Kuroko formation","authors":"R. Yamada, T. Yoshida","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1405634","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have been studying the detailed evolution history of the northeast (NE) Honshu magmatic arc in the late Cenozoic age. The magmatic arc was constructed by back-arc spreading between 21-18 Ma (Yamato basin), the subsequent rifting between 19-13.5 Ma (Northern Honshu rift system, NH rift) and island-arc uplifting up to the present. The Yamato basin is entirely composed of sea floor basalt lavas with dolerite sheets. The NH rift is subdivided into the Aosawa, Babame, Ani and Kuroko volcanic belts going from west to east. These volcanic belts consist of bimodal volcanism with increasing felsic activity to the eastern volcanic belt through time. The island-arc volcanism is characterized by caldera forming intermediate to felsic activity accompanied by island-arc uplifting. The NH rift volcanism started from high-Ti basalt at early stage to low-Ti tholeiitic basalt at the main stages similar to the Yamato back-arc basin. The chemical composition of the NH rift basalt changes laterally from back arc basin type (BABB) in the west (Aosawa volcanic belt) to island-arc tholeiite type (1AT) in the cast (Kuroko volcanic belt). The Kuroko volcanic belt consists of two units of bimodal volcanism. The rift volcanism (pre-ore unit) began at 16.5 Ma as preceding basaltic activity and was followed by extensive felsic hyaloclastite mainly composed of dacitic pyroclastics with rhyolite lava domes. Kuroko deposits were generated at about 14.3 Ma subsequent to the rhyolite intrusion. The island-arc volcanism (post-ore unit) started intermittent basalt eruptions intercalated with mudstone at 13.5 Ma and was followed by felsic pyroclastics with several dacite lavas up to 10 Ma. A pumice explosion with caldera formation characterizes the post-ore felsic activity. Pre-ore felsic volcanics in the Kuroko volcanic belt are petrographically characterized by aphyric or plagioclase phyric aphanitic features, whereas post-ore dacite often contains quartz phenocrysts. The variation of the normative composition on Qz-Ab-Or-An diagram indicates that the pre-ore dacite was generated by a deeper origin (equilibrated at 10-15 km) than that of the post-ore dacite (probably less than 5 km). Nb contents of the pre-ore rocks including basalt and andesite are plotted on a linear trend on Nb-SiO/sub 2/ diagram, whereas those of the post-ore felsic rocks are concentrated within an independent domain characterized by Nb depletion. All petrographical and petrochemical signatures suggest that the pre- and post-ore volcanism, in other words, rift and island-arc volcanism, were caused by a magma with different origins. The difference would result in the transition from back-arc rift to island-arc tectonic setting. Kuroko deposits were generated at the transitional period in relation to the final stage of rifting and felsic dominant bimodal volcanism in the farthest volcanic belt from the back-arc spreading axis. Moreover, the deposits are genetically related to the Nb enriched aphyric d","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"32 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114122679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEABEC - a single beam echo sounder seabed classification system","authors":"T. T. Lied, M. Walday, F. Olsgard, K. Ellingsen, S. Holm","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2004.1406454","url":null,"abstract":"A new software system for online, unsupervised Acoustic Classification of Seabed sediments is presented theoretically and practically. The system has been applied to single beam echo sounder data, and results are shown and discussed","PeriodicalId":390971,"journal":{"name":"Oceans '04 MTS/IEEE Techno-Ocean '04 (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37600)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114627236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}