International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Celebrating 15 Years of the <i>International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork</i>.","authors":"Amanda Baskwill","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial, Executive Editor and Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Amanda Baskwill, celebrates 15 years of publications of the <i>IJTMB</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/37/ijtmb-16-1.PMC10442223.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Massage Therapy May be Safe and Reduce Pain in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Neurological Injury: a Case Control Study.","authors":"Max Kazer,&nbsp;Victoria A Chang,&nbsp;John Pietrykowski,&nbsp;Erin Raskin,&nbsp;Navaz Karanjia,&nbsp;Jamie Nicole LaBuzetta","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Massage therapy is an important adjunctive treatment for physiologic and psychologic symptoms and has been shown to benefit patients among a wide variety of patient populations.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Few studies have investigated the utility of massage therapy in the general ICU setting, and even fewer have done so in the neurological ICU (NeuroICU).</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>If massage therapy was determined to improve objective outcomes-or even subjective outcomes in the absence of harm-massage may be more readily employed as a complementary therapy, particularly in the ICU setting or in patients with acute neurological injury.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>This pilot study aimed to assess the safety of massage in the neurocritical care unit and its impact on patient vital signs, subjective pain assessment, and other clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Twenty-one patients who received massage therapy during admission to the neurocritical care service were compared to matched controls in a retrospective case control study design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a statistically significant reduction in pain scores among patients with acute neurological injury who received massage therapy. There was no statistical difference in hospital length of stay, discharge destination, in-hospital mortality, adverse events, or incidence/duration of delirium between patients who received massage therapy and those who did not. No adverse events were ascribed to the massage therapy when evaluated by blinded neurocritical care specialists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that massage therapy may be safe for many patients in the NeuroICU and may offer additional subjective benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/f8/ijtmb-16-3.PMC10442222.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development, Validity, and Responsiveness of a Patient-Centred Outcome Measurement Tool for Evaluating Integrative Medicine Interventions.","authors":"Fernando Cabo,&nbsp;Neil Browne","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The paper sets out the development, validity, and responsiveness of the Integrative Medicine Treatment Evaluation Form (IMTEF), which has been designed to measure the effects of complementary and integrative therapy (CIT) interventions in cancer and palliative care (PC) patients in a National Health Service (NHS) hospital setting. Treatment evaluation is essential for ensuring safety and quality of services, for meeting NHS governance requirements. It also helps to add to the evidence base for complementary and integrative therapies through collecting data about treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A number of different Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) tools were reviewed in order to design the IMTEF, which details questions that captures both quantitative and qualitative data. The IMTEF was reviewed by patients and a range of health care practitioners.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IMTEF's validity is supported by feedback from health care practitioners and patients, by its ability to detect different degrees of change in relation to change scores, and by its correlations with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IMTEF can be used to assess the effects of therapeutic bodywork and CITs when many of the patients do not have the capacity or the time to answer many questions, and when therapists do not know in advance the number of treatments that patients will be able to receive. Because of the way it is structured, it can also assess the effects after a number of sessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ee/e7/ijtmb-16-20.PMC10442220.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Neuromuscular Joint Facilitation and Quadriceps Strengthening Exercise in Knee Osteoarthritis: a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shikha Lall,&nbsp;Venkatesan Prem,&nbsp;H Karvannan","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i3.811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the effect of neuromuscular joint facilitation (NJF) and quadriceps strengthening exercises on pain, physical function, static posture, and balance control in subjects with knee osteoarthritis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Hospitals, Bangalore.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Subjects diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis according to the American College of Sports Medicine criteria. The mean age of subjects in the control group was 63.12 ± 8.08 years; in the experimental group was 61.77 ± 8.46 years.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The intervention group received NJF treatment twice a week for six weeks, and the control group received quadriceps strengthening exercises. Standard knee exercises were given as a home program to both groups.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), 30-second chair stand (30s-CST), and single leg stance (SLS) were used to assess physical function, static posture, and balance control, respectively, at the end of the sixth week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty subjects were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. The experimental and control group showed a mean difference of 3.89 and 4.17 in NPRS, 4.19 and 4.17 in 30s-CST, 6.81 and 5.71 in SLS at the end of six weeks. This change was significant within both groups (p value .000) and not significant between groups (NPRS p value .303; 30s-CST p value .09; SLS p value .525) at the end of six weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NJF and quadriceps strengthening exercises effectively reduced pain and improved physical function, static posture, and balance control in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Both groups had the same effect on all clinical variables at six weeks of follow-up. Hence, further studies with long term follow-up are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/c9/ijtmb-16-10.PMC10442219.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Efficacy of Craniosacral Therapy on Sleep Quality in Fibromyalgia Syndrome: a Pre-Post Pilot Trial.","authors":"Reepa Avichal Ughreja,&nbsp;Prem Venkatesan,&nbsp;Dharmanand Balebail Gopalakrishna,&nbsp;Yogesh Preet Singh","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep disturbance is one of the key symptoms of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), which negatively affects the participants' quality of life. Craniosacral therapy (CST) is a gentle manual technique found to have significant effects on pain and function in chronic pain participants. However, limited evidence exists on its effectiveness on sleep quality in FMS participants.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of CST on sleep quality in FMS participants.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Outpatient physiotherapy department of a hospital in Bangalore.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants diagnosed with FMS.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>A pre/post pilot trial.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Once weekly, 45-minute sessions of CST for 12 weeks. The participants continued the standard medical care prescribed by the physician.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>The sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at baseline and 12 weeks. The data analysis was carried out using paired <i>t</i> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>9 out of 10 included participants completed the treatment and were included for analysis. The results of the paired t test showed significant improvement in the global PSQI score (<i>p</i> = .001, mean difference = 5.44±3.28, 95% CI = 2.92-7.97), as well as the 5 components of PSQI (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CST was feasible to deliver with high retention, acceptability, and minimal adverse events. It significantly improved sleep quality in FMS participants along with standard medical care. However, future studies with larger sample sizes and appropriate control groups are required to confirm the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/20/ijtmb-16-4.PMC10212567.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9571890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rebuttal to <i>Perpetuating Victimization with Efforts to Reduce Human Trafficking: a Call to Action for Massage Therapist Protection</i>.","authors":"Deborah A Kimmet","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.865","url":null,"abstract":"This document is a rebuttal to Perpetuating Victimization with Efforts to Reduce Human Trafficking: a Call to Action for Massage Therapist Protection by Rosenow and Munk that appeared in the March issue. The paper is to be applauded for providing a massage therapist’s viewpoint on the issue of human trafficking guised as massage, and concisely summarizing the main impact on the profession. The solutions involved, however, are problematic, as is the underlying view that licensing practitioners and their businesses is de-signed to protect the massage therapist and trafficking victims. Finally, this commentary suggests a regulatory solution that should be implemented for any re-porting process to be successful.","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/18/a6/ijtmb-16-39.PMC10212566.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9568819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of ISBT-Bowen Therapy in the Treatment of Myofascial Neck Pain-a Randomized, Single-Blinded Clinical Trial.","authors":"Chee L A Ying,&nbsp;Tsz M A Lee,&nbsp;Pik Yu Chen,&nbsp;Winnie Samy,&nbsp;Lap Y F Au,&nbsp;Chi H D Siu","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is the most common diagnosis in patient presenting with chronic non-specific neck pain. It affects people's work performance, productivity, and quality of life. To date, there is little research evaluating the effectiveness of non-invasive techniques, such as ISBT-Bowen Therapy in managing neck MPS.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effectiveness of Bowen therapy in managing myofascial pain syndrome with symptoms lasting for more than six weeks. The study will also examine the long-term effect of ISBT-Bowen Therapy on functional enhancement, quality of life, and physical and mental well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, single-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT). A total of 90 myofascial neck pain patients were recruited and randomized to receive 8 sessions of ISBT-Bowen Therapy over a 12-week period (n = 45) or to continue their usual conventional treatment (n = 45). Pressure pain threshold (PPT), cervical range of motion (CROM), numerical rating pain scores, Neck Disability Index (NDI), SF-12 Health Survey (SF-12) Version 2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD7), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) were measured at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks after baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When compared with the control group, PPT significantly increased after ISBT-Bowen Therapy at 12 and 24 weeks. CROM on flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation were greatly improved at 12 weeks after Bowen therapy, and maintained at 24 weeks, except left lateral flexion. NDI, GAD7, and PHQ9 were all reduced after Bowen Therapy at both 12 and 24 weeks. Both Physical and Mental Component Summary scores of SF-12 were improved after Bowen therapy at 12 and 24 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirmed the efficacy of ISBT-Bowen Therapy for patients with MPS. It alleviates pain, improves functional outcomes, enhances quality of life, and relieves mood symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5c/8a/ijtmb-16-29.PMC10212568.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9621334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study In to the Effects of Cervical Manual Therapy Plus Conventional Physical Therapy on Clinical Outcomes and Electrodiagnostic Findings in People With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.","authors":"Milad Zarrin,&nbsp;Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari,&nbsp;Maryam Saadat,&nbsp;Mohammad Jafar Shaterzaedeh Yazdi,&nbsp;Davood Shalilahmadi","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy that has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Current physical therapy treatment options show limited effects or low-quality evidence, especially in the long term. To date, there has been little research to look at the effects of treating the cervical spine on decreasing symptoms distally to the carpal tunnel. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cervical manual therapy plus conventional physical therapy on patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot pretest/posttest and six-month follow-up clinical study included 15 adult patients with CTS. For two weeks, each patient received 10 sessions of supervised intervention treatment. The efficacy of the therapies was assessed at baseline (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), and six months after treatment (T2). The visual analog scale (VAS), a symptom severity scale, the functional capacity scale of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, median nerve motor distal latency (mMDL), and median sensory nerve conduction velocity (mSNCV) were outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant improvements in all measures between the baseline values at T0 and those recorded immediately after the treatment at T1 or six months later at T2 (<i>p</i><.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study indicates that cervical manual therapy plus conventional physical therapy applied for two weeks improves clinical outcomes and electrodiagnostic findings in people with CTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/29/ijtmb-16-12.PMC10212565.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9621332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Should We Recognize the Important Role of the Peer Reviewer?","authors":"Amanda Baskwill","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i2.849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peer reviewers are instrumental to the publication of high-quality scholarly manuscripts. However, there are challenges within current models, including how best to recognize (and reward) reviewers for their contribution. The <i>International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork</i> Editorial Team is committed to enhancing the peer-review process in 2023 and invites colleagues to become reviewers.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/76/ijtmb-16-1.PMC10212569.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9621335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Study: Short-term Beneficial Effects of Thai Tok Sen Massage on Pain, Pressure Pain Threshold, and Upper Trapezius Muscle Thickness Among People with Shoulder Pain.","authors":"Araya Yankai,&nbsp;Jirakrit Leelarungrayub,&nbsp;James J Laskin","doi":"10.3822/ijtmb.v16i1.779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v16i1.779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Shoulder muscle pain and spasm is the most common problem in people after prolonged working, similar to that resulting from office syndrome. Various medicinal treatments with analgesic drugs, hot packs, therapeutic ultrasound, or deep friction techniques can be clinically applied. Alternatively, traditional Thai massage (TM) with deep compression gentle technique also can help to release that problem. In addition, an traditional Thai treatment with Tok Sen (TS) massage has been generally performed in the Northern part of Thailand without any scientific evidence support. Thus, the aim of this preliminary study was to reveal the scientific value of Tok Sen massage on shoulder muscle pain and upper trapezius muscle thickness among people with shoulder pain.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Twenty participants (6 males and 14 females) who suffered from shoulder pain were randomized into TS (n =10, aged 34.2 ± 7.34 yrs) or TM (n=10, aged 32.8 ± 7.24 yrs). Each group received two times 5-10 minutes of treatment, one week apart. At the baseline and after completing two times of each intervention, pain score, pain pressure threshold (PPT), and specific trapezius muscle thickness were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before both TM and TS interventions, pain score, PPT, and muscle thickness were not statistically different between groups. After two times of intervention, pain scores significantly reduced in TM (3.1 ± 0.56; <i>p</i> = .02, 2.3 ± 0.48; <i>p</i> < .001), as same as in TS (2.3 ± 0.67; <i>p</i> = .01, 1.3 ± 0.45; <i>p</i> < .001) when compared to baseline. This was the same as the results of PPT in TM (4.02 ± 0.34; <i>p</i> = .012, 4.55 ± 0.42; <i>p</i> = .001) and TS (5.67 ± 0.56; <i>p</i> = .001, 6.8 ± 0.72; <i>p</i> < .001). However, the trapezius muscle thickness reduced significantly after two interventions by TS (10.42 ± 1.04; <i>p</i> = 0.002 & 9.73 ± 0.94 mm, <i>p</i> < .001), but did not change in TM (<i>p</i> > .05). Moreover, when compared between intereventions at the first and second periods, TS showed a significant difference in pain score (<i>p</i> = .01 & <i>p</i> <.001), muscle thickness (<i>p</i> = .008 & <i>p</i> = .001) as well as PPT (<i>p</i> < .001 & <i>p</i> < .001) when compared to TM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tok Sen massage improves upper trapezius thickness from muscle spasms and reduces pain perception and increases the pressure threshold pain among participants who suffer from shoulder pain similar to that of office syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":39090,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Therapeutic Massage and Bodywork: Research, Education, and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/20/5f/ijtmb-16-3.PMC9949614.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9372691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}