Arboriculture and Urban Forestry最新文献_第10页

Volunteering for Forest Health: A Public-Private Partnership in Oakville, Ontario, Canada 森林健康志愿服务:加拿大安大略省奥克维尔的公私伙伴关系

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.025

E. Barker, A. Craig, A. Winmill, J. Meating, Candace. Karandiuk

{"title":"Volunteering for Forest Health: A Public-Private Partnership in Oakville, Ontario, Canada","authors":"E. Barker, A. Craig, A. Winmill, J. Meating, Candace. Karandiuk","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.025","url":null,"abstract":"The Forest Health Ambassador Program, a joint public-private initiative in Oakville, Ontario, Canada, recruits volunteers from the community to assess municipal street trees for health issues and signs of invasive insects. In partnership with municipal employees, staff from BioForest, a private consultant, trains volunteers to inspect trees for a suite of structural and foliar conditions, as well as for signs and symptoms of infestation by emerald ash borer, gypsy moth, and Asian longhorned beetle. Since 2014, 4,871 street trees have been assessed by a growing base of volunteers. The program effectively increases the number of participants involved in the early detection of invasive pests, beyond what government resources typically allow. Thus, the program entails a low-cost investment that provides multiple ancillary benefits and channels community efforts into a cohesive product. The results provide data with direct implications for municipal forestry operations and help identify trends in urban forest health over time. For example, detections of relatively high numbers of gypsy moth egg masses were reported by volunteers, allowing the municipality to take remedial action and mitigate damage. A variety of media are used to advertise the program, including community newspapers and social media, as well as communications in local schools and at community events. The program is well-suited to high school students, who are able to complete curriculum-mandated volunteer hours through the program, while simultaneously gaining environmental knowledge. The program allows for the proliferation of awareness and education pertaining to municipal urban forest issues, particularly those related to invasive species and urban tree health.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Accuracy of Volunteer-Derived Data from a Single-Day Inventory Event Built Around a Crowdsourced Tree Mapping Application 围绕众包树图应用程序构建的单日库存事件中志愿者派生数据的准确性

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.022

Keir Hamilton, Andrew K. Koeser, S. Landry

{"title":"Accuracy of Volunteer-Derived Data from a Single-Day Inventory Event Built Around a Crowdsourced Tree Mapping Application","authors":"Keir Hamilton, Andrew K. Koeser, S. Landry","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.022","url":null,"abstract":"Freely available ecosystem service models, like those incorporated in the i-Tree suite of tools, have helped scientists and practitioners estimate the environmental functions and economic benefits associated with their urban forest. Traditionally, professional inventory crews have been used to collect the inventory data needed for these models, but several cities have established crowdsourcing platforms to allow volunteers to map and inventory trees. Students in this study hosted and participated in an Arbor Day inventory collection event, using a newly released crowdsourcing application for mapping trees and estimating ecosystem services. The students located, identified, and measured trees on the University of South Florida campus (Tampa, Florida, U.S.) after a brief training session. After the one-day event, a more rigorously-trained field crew attempted to relocate the inventoried trees to assess the accuracy and variability of the data collected. Of the 339 trees inventoried at the original event, only 57.8% (n = 196) had coordinates that were accurate enough to re-measure. Of the 196 re-measured trees, 91.3% (n = 179) were correctly identified. However, only 47.9% (n = 91) of trees had dbh measurements within a one inch (2.5 cm) threshold for accuracy. Results of this experiment offer insights for communities looking to host special inventorying events to increase participation in crowdsourcing tree inventory initiatives.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42595459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Citizen Science and Tree Health Assessment: How Useful Are the Data? 公民科学与树木健康评估:数据有多有用?

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.021

R. Hallett, T. Hallett

{"title":"Citizen Science and Tree Health Assessment: How Useful Are the Data?","authors":"R. Hallett, T. Hallett","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.021","url":null,"abstract":"Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) has killed millions of trees in the United States. Community managers face treatment or removal decisions for all publicly owned ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees. These decisions are based on the overall condition of each tree. In this study, the U.S. Forest Service-trained a Boy Scout troop in Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, U.S., in a tree health assessment protocol that used rubrics designed to measure physiological stress symptoms. The city provided tree inventory data, which included the location of 316 cityowned ash trees. After a two-hour training session, the Scouts and adult leaders assessed all ash trees in August 2015. A tree health expert re-assessed 20% of the trees. The protocol measured diameter at breast height and included a suite of tree stress assessment variables. Researchers used a five-class system for defoliation, leaf discoloration, and overall vigor. Fine-twig dieback was estimated in 5% classes. Digital photographs were taken and automatically processed so as to measure percent crown transparency. Expert/volunteer agreement for diameter at breast height was within 2.5 cm 92% of the time; defoliation, discoloration, and vigor were within two classes 100%, 93%, and 92% of the time, respectively. Crown dieback estimates were within 10% of each other 76% of the time, and transparency estimates were within 15% of each other 76% of the time. Researchers calculated an overall stress index value and ranked the trees from lowest to highest stress. The volunteer-generated data enabled Oconomowoc to make science-based management decisions for its infested ash trees.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48222398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Drivers of Public Participation in Urban Restoration Stewardship Programs: Linkages Between Environmental Identity and Knowledge, and Motivations 城市修复管理项目中公众参与的驱动因素:环境认同与知识和动机之间的联系

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.024

A. Sorensen, R. Jordan, Gloria C. Blaise, Jeff Brown, L. Campbell, Myla F. J. Aronson, Michelle L. Johnson

{"title":"Drivers of Public Participation in Urban Restoration Stewardship Programs: Linkages Between Environmental Identity and Knowledge, and Motivations","authors":"A. Sorensen, R. Jordan, Gloria C. Blaise, Jeff Brown, L. Campbell, Myla F. J. Aronson, Michelle L. Johnson","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.024","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental restoration projects are widely used as a means to reverse the degradation and damage done to an ecosystem by a range of different disturbances. Literature shows that engaging the public in restoration projects is important to long-term success; therefore, it is important to understand who participates in stewardship of these projects and why. Here, researchers investigate what aspects of individuals’ environmental knowledge, environmental identity, demographics, views of and engagement in their community, and current civic stewardship might predict willingness to engage in restoration stewardship activities. This project takes place in the context of an ongoing maritime restoration planting experiment in the Jamaica Bay region of New York City, New York, U.S. The study authors developed a questionnaire with scales of the metrics above. Researchers found that individuals who were most willing to engage in environmental restoration stewardship had high sense of personal agency (i.e., their actions can have impact), saw value in their stewardship contributions for their community, were older, and were very knowledgeable about environmental issues. Additionally, the desire to preserve local biodiversity was not correlated with engagement in environmental restoration programs, whereas a desire to help and improve the local community was positively correlated. These results suggest a need to reframe how scientists and practitioners approach and discuss future restoration projects with community members to garner support for these types of programs.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44933392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Inspiring Resident Engagement: Identifying Street Tree Stewardship Participation Strategies in Environmental Justice Communities Using a Community-Based Social Marketing Approach 激励居民参与:使用基于社区的社会营销方法确定环境正义社区的街道树木管理参与策略

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.026

Edith B. de Guzman, Rachel Malarich, Lori Large, S. Danoff-Burg

{"title":"Inspiring Resident Engagement: Identifying Street Tree Stewardship Participation Strategies in Environmental Justice Communities Using a Community-Based Social Marketing Approach","authors":"Edith B. de Guzman, Rachel Malarich, Lori Large, S. Danoff-Burg","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.026","url":null,"abstract":"Tree-planting municipalities and organizations face multiple challenges to achieving thriving urban forests, among which is providing establishment-period care to young trees. In arid and semi-arid regions in particular, delivering water to trees is a resource- and time-intensive activity often not covered by funding specified for tree planting. This study sought to address the need for establishment-period care by producing a replicable approach to engaging residents in environmental justice communities to actively care for young street trees planted in front of their homes. Using community-based social marketing in the community of Huntington Park (Los Angeles County, California, U.S.), researchers investigated socioeconomic and cultural characteristics to barriers and motivators regarding tree stewardship (i.e., watering, mulching, and weeding) and developed an outreach program strategy accordingly. The program was pilot-tested and evaluated for effectiveness in changing behaviors. Active, in-person outreach (doorto- door engagement with residents using program materials and demonstrating tree care actions) was tested against passive outreach (program materials were left at the doorstep); both were compared to baseline conditions. Evaluation of soil moisture, tree health, and presence of mulch was conducted over a six-week period after program outreach. Trees at homes in the active outreach group had significantly higher soil moisture, more mulch, and better observed health than trees at homes in the passive outreach group. Both groups had better outcomes as compared to pre-outreach baseline conditions. Results indicate that tree planting programs with limited resources for maintenance may find success in fostering tree stewardship among residents through active engagement.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41908804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Monitoring Young Tree Survival with Citizen Scientists: The Evolving Tree Checkers Program in Philadelphia, PA 与公民科学家一起监测幼树的生存：宾夕法尼亚州费城的进化树跳棋计划

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.023

Lara A. Roman, Ba Smith, Dana Dentice, Mindy Maslin, Glen. Abrams

{"title":"Monitoring Young Tree Survival with Citizen Scientists: The Evolving Tree Checkers Program in Philadelphia, PA","authors":"Lara A. Roman, Ba Smith, Dana Dentice, Mindy Maslin, Glen. Abrams","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.023","url":null,"abstract":"Citizen science programs are not static; they change over time in response to new program priorities and emerging technologies, as well as to improve work flow for program staff and volunteers. In this article, the authors present a case study of an evolving urban forestry citizen science program at the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, a nonprofit organization in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. The Tree Checkers program involves tree stewards recording data each summer about recently planted tree survival, growth, crown vigor, and maintenance, while also engaging their neighbors to encourage proper tree care. The program began in 2011, but changed in 2016 to use a new online data collection tool that was integrated into a larger tree data management system. Tree Checkers has also shifted to be more focused on rigorous data to report program performance and share information with researchers, whereas the earlier years of Tree Checkers were centered on enabling and encouraging neighborhood tree stewards to plan for tree care. A recent data quality evaluation showed that volunteer data was reasonably consistent with data reported by more experienced interns for tree survival, vigor, and trunk measurements, but stewardship variables were not interpreted and recorded consistently. By making rigorous data more central to Tree Checkers, program staff also sought to institutionalize monitoring within the organization, allowing for direct comparisons of outcomes year-to-year. The authors close with lessons learned that are relevant to other organizations seeking to create or enhance outcomes monitoring programs with citizen scientists.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44285417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Evaluation of Silicon Fertilizers and a Resistance Inducing Agent for Control of Apple and Pear Scab under Field Conditions 田间条件下硅肥和抗性诱导剂防治苹果、梨赤霉病的效果评价

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.48044/JAUF.2018.017

G. Percival

{"title":"Evaluation of Silicon Fertilizers and a Resistance Inducing Agent for Control of Apple and Pear Scab under Field Conditions","authors":"G. Percival","doi":"10.48044/JAUF.2018.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/JAUF.2018.017","url":null,"abstract":"Two field trials were conducted using established apple (Malus cv. Golden Delicious) and pear (Pyrus communis ‘Williams’ Bon Chrétien’) to assess the efficacy of a range of silicon (Si) fertilizers, a resistance-inducing (IR) agent based on salicylic acid and a combination of Si + IR when applied at four growth stages of tree development (i.e., bud break, green cluster, 90% petal fall, early fruitlet) against the foliar pathogens apple (Venturia inaequalis) and pear (V. pirina) scab. In addition, a comparative evaluation of a conventional synthetic fungicide (penconazole) used within the UK for apple and pear scab control was performed. Greatest protection against apple and pear scab was provided by a combination of a Si fertilizer + IR agent and the synthetic fungicide penconazole in both the 2014 and 2015 field trials where statistically comparable degrees of control were achieved. Efficacy as scab-protectant compounds (i.e., reduced scab severity of leaves and fruit) enhanced leaf chlorophyll content and fruit yield, and was confirmed when each Si fertilizer was applied at four growth stages during two growing seasons; however, there was little difference in the degree of control conferred by each Si fertilizer. The IR agent used alone proved the least effective scab protectant compound.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46053459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Acorn Biomass and Carbon Stock Variation in Five Oak Species Planted in the National Botanical Garden of Iran 伊朗国家植物园五种橡树的橡子生物量和碳储量变化

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.018

P. Panahi, M. Pourhashemi, M. Hasaninejad

引用次数: 0

An Appraisal of the University of Tennessee Arboretum Holly Collection 田纳西大学植物园冬青树收藏鉴定

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.019

W. J. Cortese

{"title":"An Appraisal of the University of Tennessee Arboretum Holly Collection","authors":"W. J. Cortese","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.019","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining land resources for research and education requires sound stewardship. These environments are affected by factors that can impact the health and benefits of the property. The University of Tennessee Forest Resources AGResearch and Education Center (Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S.) includes an arboretum of 101 hectares. Established in 1965, this section of the Oak Ridge Forest includes more than 2,500 native and exotic woody plant specimens. Identifying the value of the collections was necessary for determining the extent of resources that should be dedicated to its upkeep. Should weather, infestations, and other occurrences damage the property, replacement values need to be accurate. The Elmore Holly Collection was the only section that had not been appraised. This study examined the Ilex aquifoliaceae to appraise the current value of the collection. The objectives were to 1) identify the best appraisal method, and 2) apply that method to every holly plant in the collection to determine the total value. The traditional appraisal methods did not suit the study. A slight modification of the Replacement Cost Method was found to be the best approach. The method was repeated to confirm accuracy of the appraisal. The modified valuation method provides a tool that gives practical application of a research method to use in collection appraisals and is repeatable in all sections of the United States.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41582570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Container Type Affects Root Development of Chanticleer® Pear (Pyrus calleryana ‘Glen’s Form’) During Landscape Establishment 在景观建设过程中，容器类型影响强啼鸡leer®梨(Pyrus calleryana ' Glen ' Form)的根系发育

Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2018.014

Alison Stoven O’Connor, J. Klett, A. Koski

{"title":"Container Type Affects Root Development of Chanticleer® Pear (Pyrus calleryana ‘Glen’s Form’) During Landscape Establishment","authors":"Alison Stoven O’Connor, J. Klett, A. Koski","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2018.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2018.014","url":null,"abstract":"While there are many advantages to producing woody plants in the industry-standard black plastic (BP) container, circling and girdling roots on plants grown in them may reduce transplant success, predispose plants to stress, shorten life span in the landscape, and increase the potential for the development of hazard trees. Plants grown in fabric containers may have fewer circling and girdling roots, possibly eliminating transplant problems sometimes seen with plants grown in BP containers. This study evaluated post-transplant root and shoot growth of Pyrus calleryana ‘Glen’s Form’ (Chanticleer®) produced using three container types: black plastic, Root Pouch® (RP) and Smart Pot® (SP). Researchers found no container effects on aboveground growth one, two, and three years following transplant into the landscape. All trees doubled their root dry weight annually over the three-year study. No container effects were found for any measured root parameters one year after planting. However, two and three years following planting, trees grown in RP and SP containers showed greater total root growth beyond the original root ball than BP-grown trees. Three years after planting, 72% of all root growth of trees grown in BP containers was within the original root ball, while more than one-third of all roots of RP- and SP-grown trees were found outside of the original root ball. Researchers believe that fabric containers should be considered as alternatives to BP containers because they may enhance root growth of transplanted trees and reduce the formation of future circling and girdling roots.","PeriodicalId":39043,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture and Urban Forestry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42489300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1