Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Do Audit Opinions Affect Earnings Persistence?","authors":"J. Stojanović, Milica Đorđević","doi":"10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.71","url":null,"abstract":"In the professional literature, the largest number of studies focus on examining and analyzing the content of auditors’ reports and their impact on the quality of financial statements, while a smaller number of authors examine the impact of audit opinions on earnings persistence. Since understanding the type of audit opinion undoubtedly allows investors to assess the quality of a company’s earnings and predict future cash flows, this paper investigates whether they react differently when making capital in- vestment decisions if the financial statements contain a modified opinion. By looking at the previous literature, the authors consider market reactions, especially when it comes to some kind of modified opinion, given that they can cause a negative reaction and affect the reduction of earnings persistence. The research results so far show, although inconsistent and unusual, still interesting results when it comes to the impact of the audit opinion on earnings persistence. By analyzing previous studies, the authors reveal whether investors give enough importance to the audit opinion when making financial and investment decisions, which could later affect the amount of additional capital, which is a necessary condition for development, especially in transition and developing countries. In addition to the conclusions of this paper being relevant for users of financial statements, especially investors, they are also significant for regulatory bodies, as they indicate the necessity of constant improvement of the accounting and auditing system.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130073687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptocurrency: Evidence from North Macedonia","authors":"Kiril Jovanovski, Learta Jusufi","doi":"10.31410/itema.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptocurrency as a novel concept in finance, has lately at­tracted wide attention in the financial market. However, there is a divided opinion when it comes to embracing or ignoring them. Some are optimis­tic about their future, and others believe that the skepticism that surrounds them will strongly contribute to their disappearance from the market. The first part of the paper will give a brief background about cryptocurrencies and their associated advantages and disadvantages. The second part of the paper will focus on providing an overview of the cryptocurrency situation in North Macedonia, where they are currently unregulated. Since no legisla­tion would protect consumers in case of fraud, the proper regulatory frame­work in this sphere is an urgent problem that requires immediate attention. Additionally, this paper will offer a small insight into other Western Balkan countries in this regard, where the situation is like in North Macedonia.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130955357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Learning Using Augmented Reality Technology","authors":"Vitomir Radosavljević, Slavica Radosavljević","doi":"10.31410/itema.2022.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.2022.81","url":null,"abstract":"The intensive development of information technologies has led to the introduction of many innovations in the educational process. Inno­vations often rely on the use of new technologies in the educational process and aim to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of learning. This paper presents the use of augmented reality in training students to process graph­ic images. The method of using augmented reality in the training has been presented in the paper, and afterward, the results of the research, which compared student efficiency using written text instructions and student ef­ficiency using augmented reality technology in the training process. The re­sults of the research did not show a significant difference in efficiency. But, it should be taken into account that the students, who were part of the re­search, encountered this type of training for the first time, so the opportuni­ties that augmented reality provides in the training process needs to be fur­ther investigated.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132858631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the 2020 and 2022 Events on the Efficiency of Europe’s Capital Markets","authors":"Paula Heliodoro, Rui Dias, N. Horta, Paulo Alexandre, Mariana Chambino","doi":"10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.47","url":null,"abstract":"This paper intends to test efficiency, in its weak form, in the capital markets of the Netherlands (AEX), Belgium (BEL 20), France (CAC 40), Ireland (ISEQ 20), and Portugal (PSI 20), for the period from September 18th, 2017, to Sep­tember 15th, 2022. Given the skewness and kurtosis coefficients, the time series shows signs of deviation from the normality hypothesis. We also observe that during the Tranquil and second Covid-19 wave subperiods, European equity markets are in equilibrium and that the (in) efficiency hypothesis, in its weak form, does not hold, implying that investors will struggle to achieve returns above the market average without incurring additional risk. When we examine the first Covid-19 subperiod, we find that all capital markets show long memo­ries, indicating a propensity to forecast returns, particularly the Portuguese cap­ital market shows the highest value of persistence (0.65), while the stock indexes of Belgium (BEL 20), France (CAC 40), Ireland (ISEQ 20) have exponents of 0.62, and the Netherlands 0.61. In the fourth sub-period that corresponds to the Rus­sian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, we find that the efficiency hypothesis, in its weak form, is rejected for all stock indexes, except for the French capital market (CAC 40). When the sub-periods of the first wave of COVID-19 and the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 are compared, we notice that markets exhibit more pronounced imbalances during the first wave of COVID-19, due in large part to uncertainty regarding the course of the 2020 pandemic. In addition, we empha­size that during subperiods of higher uncertainty in the global economy, prices do not fully reflect available information and that price fluctuations are not i.i.d. In other words, there is a reversion to the mean, and prices become predicta­ble, allowing regional and international investors to achieve above-market av­erage returns. The authors suggest that these findings are significant for regula­tors and supervisors of European capital markets to promote efforts to guaran­tee that available market information is rectified more effectively.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"14 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120913249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elements of Food Security in the Current Geopolitical Context","authors":"Mancia Mircea-Sebastian, Gabriela A. Popoviciu","doi":"10.31410/itema.2022.365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.2022.365","url":null,"abstract":"Given the current context – the health pandemic, the armed ag­gression of a state – the food security of the entire population of the globe is an essential element. Therefore, in this paper, and considering the most rel­evant and newest articles on food security in Romania and Europe, the au­thors will try to analyze the effects listed above, following which the prob­lem of providing food to a growing population could be a problem with re­lentless considerations in the current environment, but also in the sustaina­bility of this situation. Therefore, in the following, the authors will make an analytical approach to the studied ones and they will try to conclude what should happen in crises so that food security represents a landmark on the work agenda of the governors.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124736941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential for Sustainable Tourism Development and Branding. Analysis of Krushevo and Elbasan Destinations","authors":"Elvira Fetahu, Emilia Geroska","doi":"10.31410/itema.2022.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.2022.123","url":null,"abstract":"UNWTO forecasted that international arrivals or outbound trav­elers worldwide will reach up to 1.8 billion by 2030, thus securing tourism as one of the fastest-growing economic activities fostering overall develop­ment, introducing new investments, and generating income and new em­ployment. Tourism’s overall impact on a nation also influences the local economy although it is quite challenging to measure this impact and its di­mension. Over the last few years, tourism in Albania and North Macedonia has had ups and downs considering the Covid-19 pandemic situation which also determined the importance of sustainable tourism development and its influence in the tourism sector. The study provides a framework analysis of Krushevo and Elbasan as a single thematic tourism destination by using primary and secondary data and reveals evidence-based recommendations for local and national policymakers to design innovative tourism programs in these cities. The findings show that Krushevo and Elbasan have similari­ties mostly in the category of access points, attractions, and amenities and variations in the type and quality of the activities offered.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"10 Pt 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126271890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability Reporting Practices of Real Estate Companies from Germany, Austria and Switzerland – First Insights from 2020","authors":"D. P. Gałkiewicz","doi":"10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.81","url":null,"abstract":"In the last twenty years, sustainability became a strong move­ment leading to regulatory initiatives around the world. In this study, the Eu­ropean regulation is compared with common sustainability reporting prac­tices in the Real Estate Sector in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The goal of the study is to show what type of information related to employees, and other social and governance issues are being provided and by how many firms in the year 2020. The findings show that more than half of the analyz­ed firms report the total number of employees, the share of women and the number of permanent full-time contracts. Furthermore, supervisory board members are listed by 37 out of 53 companies. More than a third of the 53 companies confirmed to have anti-corruption processes implemented and 25 firms state to have UN SDGs included in their reports. However, details on diversity and employee-related information are often, more than 50% of the time, missing (e.g. salary ratio of woman to man, average sick days/year, total number of trainees, executive pay ratio, total accidents, average age, proportion of female executives, % of woman on the board of directors, staff turnover rate, newly hired employees, employee-satisfaction, full-time em­ployees and part-time employees). Moreover, the involvement of firms, cus­tomers, suppliers and employees in following human rights guidelines, ESG and Code of Conduct rules is low. Less than a third of companies stated to follow the human rights guidelines obtained a sustainability certificate or employee well-being certificate and provided ESG-specific employee train­ing. Performing Code of Conduct training for employees, customer surveys, and implementing business partner Code of Conduct/Supplier Code of Con­duct besides mentioning the cases of corruption and incidents of discrimi­nation are reported by less than one-third of firms. These results are impor­tant for individuals, companies and politicians implementing new rules re­lated to sustainability reporting in Europe.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128350314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety Due to COVID-19 and the Role of Obsession, Job Location Selection and the Number of Children in Hospitality Employees","authors":"K. Krikonis, Ioannis Konstantaras","doi":"10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31410/itema.s.p.2022.91","url":null,"abstract":"Under the framework of the Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping, stress is formulated ultimately from our interaction with the situations we find ourselves in. During COVID-19, hospitality workers experienced high levels of stress due to instability and the constant lack of infection. This survey examines the moderating role of “job location selection” and “number of children” on the direct effect of “obsession with COVID-19” on “Coronavirus anxiety”. To address the above, we utilized “Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM)” on collected data from 403 hospitality employees working seasonally in Greece. The results uncovered the dynamic of “job location selection” in reducing the stressor “obsession with COVID-19”, moderating its effect on “Coronavirus anxiety”. Moreover, the “number of children” can negatively affect this relationship adding more anxiety to workers. Such insights can offer practical implications to each worker individually.","PeriodicalId":389229,"journal":{"name":"Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121500462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}