{"title":"Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Collagen Synthesis by Angiotensin II in Cardiac Fibroblasts","authors":"P. Lijnen, J. Prihadi, J. Pelt, R. Fagard","doi":"10.2174/1876526201104010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876526201104010001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68144696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pharmacogenomics of Adrenergic Receptors; from Hypertension to Heart Failure","authors":"S. Nonen, J. Azuma, Y. Fujio","doi":"10.2174/1876526201003010014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876526201003010014","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular medicine is a leading area of pharmacogenomics (PGx). A number of PGx studies have linked genetic polymorphisms to patients' response to the drugs in the pharmacotherapy against cardiovascular diseases. Among them, PGx of adrenoceptors is one of the most important fields, because adrenergic networks play important roles in car- diovascular systems. The excess of adrenergic stimuli result in cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension and heart failure (HF). One of the aims of PGx studies of adrenoreceptors is the personalization of β-blocker therapy. In this review, we have described biological and clinical impacts on genetic variants of adrenoreceptors, some of which have showed clear association with the reduction in heart rate and blood pressure in response to β-blockers. Beyond anti-hypertension therapy, PGx of adrenoreceptors would contribute to the individualization of pharmacotherapy against HF.","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68144684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Renin Angiotensin System and the Metabolic Syndrome~!2010-02-12~!2010-04-19~!2010-06-25~!","authors":"C. Wang, Feng Li, N. Takahashi","doi":"10.2174/1876526201003010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876526201003010001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68144638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim M.A. El-Agousa, D. E. El-Nashar, S. Eissa, Mona N. Sharoud
{"title":"Possible Ameliorative Effect of Antioxidant (Taurine) in Pregnant Toxemic Female Rats","authors":"Ibrahim M.A. El-Agousa, D. E. El-Nashar, S. Eissa, Mona N. Sharoud","doi":"10.2174/1876526200902010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876526200902010001","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to investigate the possible effects of the antioxidant taurine on pregnant adriamycin (ADR) induced toxemic female rats. ADR was injected intraperitoneally to 50 pregnant female rats (5 groups) to induce toxemia. the first is Frank control group injected only with saline; the second group is the Taurine group that determined the effect of taurine alone; the third group is the Toxemic group that showed the toxicity of Adriamycin; the fourth group is the Therapeutic group (Adriamycin followed by Taurine) and the fifth group is the Protective group (Taurine followed by Adriamycin) that showed the amelurative effect of taurine in these groups. Blood pressure, liver and kidney function, lipid profile, taurine concentration in plasma, serum cortisone, T3 &T4 were measured for all animals. Furthermore, histopathological examination and morphometric study for liver, kidney and cardiac muscle were done for all groups. The results showed that, the Protective group has marked improvement in most biochemical parameters than the Therapeutic group compared to Toxemic group. Morphometric study revealed a significant decrease in the nuclear area in the tissues of toxemic rats. Also, marked disturbances were observed in the histopathological architecture of the kidney, liver and heart in all toxemic rats. However, a marked improvement in morphometrical parameters and histopathological architecture was observed in protective group. The results support the ameliorative effect of taurine in the protection against toxemia during pregnancy in experimental animals.","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68144629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-Term Therapy with Nifedipine-CR Improves Arterio-Sclerosis Related Markers in Patients with Untreated Essential Hypertension","authors":"T. Kita, Mariko Tokashiki, K. Kitamura","doi":"10.2174/1876526200801010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1876526200801010001","url":null,"abstract":"Increased arteriosclerosis is associated with high risk of cardiovascular events. Several non-invasive markers for arteriosclerosis have been introduced, such as pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI), and carotid prop- erties assessed by echogram, to estimate the current risk and therapeutic merit of antihypertensives. In this study, 17 hy- pertensive patients were treated with nifedipine-CR alone for one year, and the non-invasive markers were simultaneously monitored every 3 months. Nifedipine-CR treatment achieved stable blood pressure control, and PWV and AI improved in parallel with the blood pressure. Interestingly, the elastic property of the carotid artery progressively decreased and there was a significant difference between the results at 3 and 12 months (85.8 ± 6.1 vs 72.4 ± 5.0 kPa, P = 0.009). In- tima-media thickness of the carotid artery also decreased. In conclusion, nifedipine-CR demonstrated a stable anti-sclerotic quality in hypertensive patients and seems to be prominent in large arteries such as the carotid.","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68144618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"P. McCullough, Aaron Y. Kluger","doi":"10.15713/INS.JOHTN.0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/INS.JOHTN.0146","url":null,"abstract":": Patients with chronic kidney disease have a high burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The vast majority of patients with chronic kidney disease do not progress to end stage renal failure, but do have a significantly higher incidence of all cardiovascular co-morbidities. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors only partially account for this increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. In patients with kidney disease the basic biology underlying cardiovascular disease may be similar to that in patients without kidney disease, but it would seem many more risk factors are involved as a consequence of renal dysfunction. Although emphasis is placed on delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease, it must be appreciated that for many patients it is vital to address their cardiovascular risk factors at an early stage to prevent premature cardiovascular death. This review examines available epidemiological evidence, discusses common cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease, and suggests possible treatment strategies. Potential areas for important research are also described.","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90050125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Vijaykumar, B. C. Srinivas, K. Ravindranath, C. N. Manjunath
{"title":"Renovascular Hypertension","authors":"J. Vijaykumar, B. C. Srinivas, K. Ravindranath, C. N. Manjunath","doi":"10.15713/ins.johtn.0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.johtn.0171","url":null,"abstract":"* See Last Page for Key Revised 2017 Harvin/Verma Page 1 Reference Study Type Patients/ Events Study Objective (Purpose of Study) Study Results Study Quality 1. O'Neill WC, Bardelli M, Yevzlin AS. Imaging for renovascular disease. Semin Nephrol. 2011;31(3):272-282. Review/OtherDx N/A To describe the utility of sonography, CTA, MRA, and conventional angiography for imaging renovascular disease. No consensus can be drawn from existing data concerning the appropriate screening test for RAS. All modalities are plagued by the lack of a clear understanding of what constitutes a significant stenosis. Operator-dependence and subjectivity in the interpretation are also major problems. 4","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76125167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hypertension in Children","authors":"S. Garekar","doi":"10.15713/ins.johtn.0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.johtn.0185","url":null,"abstract":"Prevalence of hypertension (HT) in children is increasing. Part of the reason is the rise in the population of children with obesity and part is better screening for HT though far from ideal. Neonatal and infantile HT remains relatively poorly described in terms of epidemiology, normative data, and available antihypertensive medications. The 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines on the management of HT in children have used data from children with normal body mass index thereby lowering the cutoffs for definition of HT compared to earlier. HT is now staged as elevated, Stage 1 and Stage 2, making earlier terminologies obsolete. Elevated blood pressure (BP) is important as studies show that an elevated BP as a child increases risk of developing HT as an adult as well as metabolic syndrome. Ambulatory BP monitoring in pediatrics is increasingly being used in various situations though so far there is no normative data for children <120 cm in height. Investigations into the cause of HT may be limited when the patient is over 6 years of age and is overweight or obese or has family history of HT and the physical examination is normal. The two major causes of secondary HT in pediatrics are renal/reno-vascular and endocrine. Lifestyle modification plays a major role in therapy. It includes weight reduction/control by increasing physical activity, nutritious, and low-fat diet and reducing salt intake. The first-line medications for oral therapy are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, thiazide diuretics, and calcium channel blockers. Lifelong follow-up is essential for care of the pediatric patient with HT.","PeriodicalId":38918,"journal":{"name":"Open Hypertension Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82696736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}