{"title":"Detection and prevention of risks of public and national social policies","authors":"Simela Chatzikonstantinidou, Soultana-Anna Toumpalidou, Evaggelos Drimpetas","doi":"10.22495/rgcv13i2p6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv13i2p6","url":null,"abstract":"The present research effort attempts to achieve the detection of issues involved in the exercise of public/national social policy in the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace in Greece. The data was collected in May–October 2019, through the Community Centers of the social services of the region’s municipalities. The main method of analysis was clustering (two-step cluster analysis). The survey will also attempt to monitor the coverage of the needs not only of vulnerable population groups but also of the general population in need of social policy services (Center for Healthy Aging, 2004). Social welfare in the countries of Southern Europe appears, as far as funding is concerned, as a neglected pillar of social protection. It is a commitment of the state to meet the needs of all population groups. These needs are not standardized, do not have a defined problem framework and have a high degree of differentiation. New social risks cannot be dealt with by passive forms of intervention. These risks create enough insecurity and uncertainty in maintaining a minimum level of decent living (Velte, 2023). The exercise of social policy means all statutory measures and applied policies or informal practices aimed at preventing and addressing the needs not only of vulnerable population groups but also of the general population of the territory, both at the reception stage with the state services and at the stage of integration or “rehabilitation” of individuals.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123738274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Elon Musk effect: How community initiative spending impacts earned social media valuation","authors":"Mfon NU Akpan","doi":"10.22495/rgcv12i3p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv12i3p3","url":null,"abstract":"This research study measures Uber’s community support initiatives’ return on investment (ROI). The company examined is Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber), which donates time and resources to support communities in need after natural disasters or lack social support. This study will take a quantitative approach by measuring the value of Uber’s community support initiatives’ earned media. The research will use a case study analysis to investigate how companies like Uber generate and assess the ROI of their social enterprise investments. This research is timely as it speaks to the current discourse on practical ways for businesses to create social impact and how to measure that impact. In addition, the research will use a combination of primary and secondary sources. This study will collect primary data through social media, and the secondary data will come from media valuation indices and sentiment analysis. The findings of this study will have implications for both Uber and other companies that engage in community support initiatives. For Uber, this study will provide insights into how the company can optimize its community support initiatives to generate the most significant ROI. For other companies, this study will serve as a case study for effectively measuring the ROI of community support initiatives.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128433388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of media in corporate social responsibility for sustainable development","authors":"S. Yeung","doi":"10.22495/rgcv12i2p2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv12i2p2","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to explore the perception of young people in Hong Kong on the role of media in corporate social responsibility (CSR). After reviewing relevant literature, a survey has been used to collect data from 2010 to 2013 with 147 questionnaires collected via an international non-governmental organization (NGO) in Hong Kong. Ninety-nine point three percent (99.3%) respondents agreed that CSR is important. The regression analysis result reflects that the media needs to be responsible to the community and they are complementary to three dimensions of ISO 26000:2010 Guidance on social responsibility — community involvement, consumer issues, and corporate governance. The survey results support the qualitative interview results of a selected media organization in Hong Kong. Accountable performance of the media industry relies on a professional manner, news from different perspectives, and having no interferences from powers. This is managerially relevant to the media industry as the results echo the findings of Chu and Chen (2019) that consumers’ CSR-related activities in social media significantly enhance identification with the brand and positive brand attitude. However, more questionnaires from local and overseas media organizations are required to derive a holistic view of factors for responsible media-related organizations.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134352366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The social impact and risks of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis in Greece","authors":"Soultana-Anna Toumpalidou, Simela Chatzikonstantinidou","doi":"10.22495/rgcv13i2p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv13i2p1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on unemployment in Greece. The outbreak of the pandemic at the beginning of 2020 was an unprecedented phenomenon for the governments of all states, which, with the increase in cases, were called to take measures to limit the spread of the virus, which necessarily limited freedoms but also caused changes in lifestyle and the activities of people but also in the operation of businesses resulting in the disruption of labor relations (Francis-Devine et al., 2022). A large percentage of businesses were forced to suspend their operations and, in many countries, total lockdowns of short or longer duration were imposed. Some countries, of course, have chosen to act differently by imposing smaller local lockdowns or even none. In this paper, we will deal with the case of Greece, which acted completely differently, especially during the first period of the outbreak of the pandemic, with the first imposing a total lockdown from the appearance of the very first cases of the pandemic (Goniewicz et al., 2020). Using panel data, we will assess the interaction and correlation of the unemployment rate with a range of variables, such as the number of cases, inflation, gross domestic product (GDP) and consumer price index, to assess whether and to what extent the spread of the virus ultimately affected the rate of unemployment in these two countries.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128868701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robo-advisors as part of industry 4.0 in financial markets: Evolutionary development, methods, and first performance insights","authors":"Thomas Holtfort, A. Horsch, J. Schwarz","doi":"10.22495/rgcv12i2p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv12i2p3","url":null,"abstract":"Today, an essential disruptive trend of the fourth industrial revolution is robo-advisors that offer innovative asset management services (Tao, Su, Xiao, Dai, & Khalid, 2021). They are automated investment platforms that use quantitative algorithms to produce advice to investors to help them manage their portfolios and are accessible to clients online (Beketov, Lehmann, & Wittke, 2018). Until now, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the development of these innovative advisors, the asset allocation methods used, and the performance (also concerning the Corona crisis). Thus, the paper takes robo-advisory-related research a step further by analyzing the development of robo-advisory on a global scale from an evolutionary point of view, at the same time focusing on the variety of methods applied by the advisors and the factors influencing their performance between 2018 and 2021 by regression analysis. Our results show that modern portfolio theory remains the primary framework used by robo-advisors, even though some use new approaches. The average performance of robo-advisors appears to beat the market benchmark, however not significantly during the Corona-crash period. Important factors influencing their performance are the number of allocation methods applied and, specifically, the technique of rebalancing. The findings demonstrate that in the context of Industry 4.0, robo-advisors can offer advantages not only in terms of costs and technical processes but also in terms of performance.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130541093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: New insights on environmental management accounting, innovative companies, tax measures and foreign direct investments","authors":"L. Ballestra","doi":"10.22495/rgcv12i1editorial","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv12i1editorial","url":null,"abstract":"The editorial team is delighted to present the first issue of the journal Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions in 2022. This issue contains six interesting papers dealing with up-to-date subjects in accounting, macroeconomics, economic policy, and innovation, which are analyzed from an original perspective. In particular, these six papers focus on environmental accounting, hidden champion companies, transitional economy, economic growth and taxation, Fintech companies, foreign direct investments, and export diversification.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"43 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120927655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gladys Gamariel, M. Bomani, Lucky Musikavanhu, J. Juana
{"title":"Foreign direct investment and export diversification in developing countries","authors":"Gladys Gamariel, M. Bomani, Lucky Musikavanhu, J. Juana","doi":"10.22495/rgcv12i1p6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv12i1p6","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the individual and interactive impact of foreign direct investment (FDI), domestic production structure, infrastructure, natural resource endowment, and fiscal incentives on export diversification. The econometric estimation is based on a dynamic systems general method of moments (sGMM) analysis using panel data from 44 Sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries. The study finds a positive export-diversifying effect of FDI in SSA suggesting that FDI has an influence on the composition of export baskets in host economies. Furthermore, diversifying production sectors, credible institutions, and macroeconomic stability are essential for promoting export diversification, while landlockedness and natural resource endowments contribute to export concentration. The study finds that the FDI’s impact on export diversification is reinforced by better access to infrastructure and fiscal incentives to foreign investors in special economic zones (SEZs). The latter results compare with findings by Farole and Moberg (2017), while the importance of infrastructure in export diversification is emphasised by Fosu (2021). The findings from this study are particularly important to SSA economies that other than having highly concentrated export baskets have in recent years faced declines in FDI albeit limited domestic capital and government resources needed to propel export diversification. SSA economies must focus on efforts to attract more FDI possibly through regulatory reforms that grant foreign investors fiscal incentives for investing in targeted sectors and operating in SEZs.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126159049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine learning in accounting: Insight from the March 2023 bank failures","authors":"M. Mulyadi, Y. Anwar","doi":"10.22495/rgcv13i2p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv13i2p3","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the bank failures in the United States in March 2023, concentrating on the impact of held-to-maturity debt instruments in the event and the implications for accounting methods. Our research deciphers the alleged “accounting loophole” (Farrell, 2023) associated with these securities and provides an in-depth analysis of the associated accounting treatment. We analyze the accounting treatment using the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Furthermore, our study employs automated machine learning techniques and the local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) method to identify key accounting features that could explain bank failures. The research identifies five essential accounting aspects, two of which are related to held-to-maturity assets. The findings underscore the importance of these accounting features in evaluating financial institutions, thereby providing valuable insights for stakeholders, decision-makers, and future research. Our research also advocates for increased transparency and accuracy in accounting practices, via ASC 825 (Financial Accounting Standards Board [FASB], n.d.-a), particularly related to the fair value of held-to-maturity securities.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125189384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate change and climate-related financial disclosures in the banking sector","authors":"Dario Aversa","doi":"10.22495/rgcv13i1p6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv13i1p6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to analyze sustainability report disclosures (Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures [TCFD], 2017a, 2017b, 2019, 2020a, 2020b, 2021, 2022; AlHares & Al-Hares, 2020; Lagasio, 2019; Lucchese, 2020; International Sustainability Standards Board [ISSB], 2022) of the listed banks on FTSE Italia All-Share index of Borsa Italiana through text analytics (Giuliano, 2004). The research questions tend to verify: how and whether physical risk (acute and chronic) is reported; how and whether transition risk (legal, technology, market, and reputational) is reported; how and whether scenario analysis (The Bank of England, 2022; Rogelj et al., 2018) is conducted. Using Iramuteq (www.iramuteq.org) and SAS Viya (www.sas.com), the research combines unsupervised learning (Reinert, 1990) and supervised techniques (SAS, 2019) pointing out the inadequacy, the lack of transparency, and the lack of comparability of the sustainability reports that may increase the potential for uncertainty and financial instability. Disclosing climate information on a mandatory basis allows an increase in the quantity and quality of climate-related reporting, an increase in transparency, and comparability accountability, and provides clearer disclosures to investors and regulators.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"242 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124297198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance measurement in a “hidden champion” company: An empirical study","authors":"Nail Sariyev, J. Táborecká-Petrovičová","doi":"10.22495/rgcv12i1p2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22495/rgcv12i1p2","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the paper is to review and evaluate the performance of a specific type of globally successful innovative company introduced to scientific literature as “hidden champion” by Simon (1990), using a combination of traditional financial key performance indicators (KPIs) with the modern evaluation method of the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) model. The results showed that there are many areas in the selected company where EFQM allows building an effective management system, applied as a benchmarking tool for using the experience of leading companies. The joint utilisation of the KPIs and the EFQM model helps to create an objective picture and evaluate the organization in a relatively complex way. This paper provides in-depth insights into the application of new models in practice that are still scarce and may serve as a base for further research realized on larger samples. This work shows for the first time the application of EFQM commonly used in large organizations, for the special category of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) companies called “hidden champions” (HCs). In general, there is a lack of studies in domestic literature devoted to the concept of “hidden champions”. This paper contributes to this field from the perspective of quality management, and it provides also valuable insight for practice.","PeriodicalId":389057,"journal":{"name":"Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114917599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}