Iranian Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Iranian Version of the Invalidating Childhood Environment Scale","authors":"Farima Rahmati, M. Aslzaker, Mohammad Noori, Imaneh Abasi","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14344","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To understand the consequences of an invalidating environment, it is essential to have a measurement tool with appropriate statistical properties. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to render the ICES (Invalidating Childhood Environment Scale) into Persian and subsequently evaluate the psychometric attributes of this translated version. \u0000Method: Data were collected from 1221 nonclinical participants, including 1053 females and 168 males, who were students at medical universities in Tehran, Iran. Several questionnaires, such as the ICES, CTQ (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), DTS (Distress Tolerance Scale), BIS-11 (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), Self-Compassion Questionnaire, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and EAT-26 (Eating AttitudesTest) were used in the study. The data sets were investigated through SPSS and R language to evaluate the ICES' reliability and construct validity. Additionally, Item Response Theory (IRT) was employed with the Graded Response Model (GRM) to measure the psychometric properties of each item in terms of difficulty and discrimination parameters. \u0000Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that both single-factor and two-factor models fit well for both maternal and paternal versions of the ICES. The internal consistency, as assessed by Cronbach's alpha, was high and satisfactory for both maternal (0.87) and paternal (0.87) versions. Notably, the IRT analysis revealed that item 9 performed poorly in both maternal and paternal versions. Compared to the one-factor model, the two-factor model demonstrated a superior fit. Additionally, the test-retest reliability of the ICES over two months demonstrated good reliability for both maternal and paternal versions (0.98). Divergent and convergent validity analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between childhood invalidation environment and distress tolerance (r = 0.175, P < 0.01) as well as self-compassion (r = 0.142, P < 0.01), which were inversely related to the ICES. Furthermore, there was a considerably positive correlation between the invalidating environment experienced during childhood and impulsivity, as evidenced by r = 0.196 and P < 0.01. \u0000Conclusion: This study established the favorable psychometric properties of the Persian version of the ICES, indicating that this version is reliable and valid to assess the Invalidating Childhood Environment in the Iranian population. However, further investigations are warranted to reevaluate its validity and reliability.","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"118 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Psychotic and Depressive Symptoms in Methamphetamine Users","authors":"Sercan Karabulut","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14334","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Methamphetamine use has been recognized as a prominent public health issue, which is associated with psychotic and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to assess factors that show a significant relation with psychotic and depressive symptoms in adults who use methamphetamine. \u0000Method: We assessed 95 patients who had used methamphetamine within the last month and were admitted to the outpatient treatment clinic. Evaluation of all patients was carried out through face-to-face interviews, and their symptoms were evaluated using different scales. The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms were employed to assess positive and negative symptoms of psychosis, respectively. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, while illness severity was evaluated using the Clinical Global Impression- Severity Scale. Additionally, functioning status was assessed using the Functioning Assessment Short Test, and withdrawal severity was measured by employing the Amphetamine Cessation Symptom Assessment Scale. Craving severity was evaluated using the Stimulant Craving Questionnaire, anxiety severity using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and insight status using the Schedule for Assessment of Insight Expanded. \u0000Results: Among the demographic variables, working with family was associated with lower positive symptoms scores (OR = 6.31, P < 0.05). Parole/probation related admissions were associated with lower positive and depressive symptoms scores (OR = 15.06, P = 0.03; OR = 9.87, P = 0.02). Having suicide attempts, number of suicide attempts, and amount of methamphetamine used were found to show association with higher positive (OR = 13.59, P < 0.01; OR = 2.52, P < 0.05; OR = 3.48, P < 0.05, respectively) and depressive symptoms scores (OR = 10.35, P < 0.001; OR = 2.23, P < 0.01; OR = 2.3, P < 0.05). After adjusting for all variables, clinical impression and insight scores remained significantly associated with positive symptoms scores (AOR = 6.74, P < 0.05; AOR = 2.63, P < 0.001, respectively), while anxiety, amphetamine cessation, and positive symptoms scores remained associated with depressive symptoms scores (AOR = 0.48, P < 0.001; AOR = 0.11, P = 0.003; AOR = 0.36, P = 0.02, respectively). \u0000Conclusion: This study appears to be the first to examine the associations between clinical variables and both positive symptoms and depressive symptoms in methamphetamine users. Increased attention should be paid to suicide history, anxiety level, amount of methamphetamine use and loss of insight to provide effective treatment in patients with methamphetamine use.","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"86 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Theory of Mind between Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Stimulant-Induced Depressive Disorder","authors":"Leila Razeghian Jahromi, Mohammad Ali Tlais, Hassan Kamar, Alireza Jalali","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14336","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Theory of mind (ToM) denotes the ability to understand the mental state of others and perceive their unique beliefs and emotions. In this study, we compared ToM between individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and stimulant-induced depressive disorder (SIDD). \u0000Method: This cross-sectional, causal-comparative study included patients with MDD or SIDD admitted to Ostad Moharary Neuropsychiatric Hospital between January and June 2022. Each diagnosis was confirmed through a semi-structured interview conducted by a single attending psychiatrist according to the DSM-5 criteria. After consecutive sampling of 110 individuals, 51 patients completed the study in each group. Demographic characteristics were recorded, and the Persian version of the revised Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) was used to evaluate ToM. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.25, employing the t-test, chi-squared test, linear regression, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). \u0000Results: Our analysis included 102 subjects (65.7% male) with a mean age of 35.17 ± 7.54 years. The two groups were similar in age, gender, marital status, working status, occupation, economic class, and ethnicity (P > 0.05). The RMET scores were 12.94 ± 4.03 and 11.86 ± 3.15 in the MDD and SIDD groups, respectively (P = 0.135). Almost all patients had low RMET scores (< 22); only two individuals in the MDD group achieved normal scores (22–30). ANCOVA revealed no significant confounding effects between the independent variables. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that the level of education had a significant linear relationship (β = 0.249) with the RMET score (P = 0.021). \u0000Conclusion: Hospitalized patients with MDD and SIDD have similar ToM deficits, as measured by the RMET.","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"198 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of Emotion Regulation Difficulties, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Experiential Avoidance in Adults with Stuttering: A Comparative Study","authors":"J. S. Yaztappeh, Elahe Lorestani, Younes Zaheri, Mohsen Rezaei, Hiwa Mohammadi, Keivan Kakabraee, M. Rajabi, A. Kianimoghadam, Saina Fatollahzadeh, M. Mohebi","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14341","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Stuttering is a type of communication and fluency disorder that hurts mental and emotional health. It is also associated with a significant increase in both trait and social anxiety. Studies on stuttering in adults have indicated the nature and impact of this phenomenon. In addition, some psychological aspects of this phenomenon remain vague and need further investigation. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotion regulation difficulties, repetitive negative thinking, and experiential avoidance between people who stutter and healthy individuals. \u0000Method: In this study, 101 people who stutter (43 females and 58 males, with a mean age of 29.55 ± 187 years), as well as 110 healthy individuals (74 females and 36 males, with a mean age of 25.57 ± 489 years) as participants were chosen using the convenience sampling method among those who referred to the speech therapy clinics of Tehran, Iran. Research instruments including the repetitive negative thinking inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-I) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using multivariate ANOVA test and Multiple Regression Analysis. \u0000Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.55 years in the people who stutter and 25.57 years in the healthy individuals (P < 0.01). The present results indicated that the mean score of experiential avoidance was higher in the people who stutter (M ± SD: 35.74 ± 9.24) compared to the healthy individuals (M ± SD: 8.89 ± 31.11). Additionally, the mean score of emotion regulation difficulties was higher in the people who stutter (M ± SD: 88.75 ± 20.59) compared to the healthy individuals (M ± SD: 64.14 ± 94.94) (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the mean score of repetitive negative thinking between the people who stutter (M ± SD: 98.45 ± 25.85) and healthy individuals (M ± SD: 93.71 ± 25.24) groups (P > 0.05). There was a significant correlation between experiential avoidance and emotion regulation difficulties in people who stutter (P < 0.01). Experiential avoidance and repetitive negative thinking can significantly predict emotion regulation difficulties in people who stutter (R = 0.65, P < 0.01). \u0000Conclusion: People who stutter obtained higher emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance scores than those without stuttering and A significant correlation between experiential avoidance and emotion regulation difficulties was found. Future studies should consider the role of emotion regulation difficulties and experiential avoidance in people who stutter. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"169 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Network Analysis Study to Evaluate Obsessive-Compulsive Beliefs/Dimensions and Personality Beliefs in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Common OCD Subtypes","authors":"Mohammadreza Davoudi, A. Pourshahbaz, B. Dolatshahi, A. Astaneh","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14337","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000Objective: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) has been considered a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder. Identifying this heterogeneity can lead to better diagnosis and treatment. The two most common OCD subtypes include contamination/cleaning and danger/checking. This study aimed to identify the network structure of OCD symptoms, personality, and obsessive beliefs in these OCD subtypes. \u0000Method: 333 patients with OCD were included in the study (156 patients with the danger/check subtype and 177 patients with the contamination/cleaning subtype). In addition, 276 healthy individuals participated in this study. We used a network analysis approach to determine the OCD central symptoms [nodes]. The Personality Beliefs Questionnaire-Short Form [PBQ-SF], Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised [OCI-R], and Obsessional Beliefs Questionnaire-44 [OBQ-44] were used for network estimation. \u0000Results: The results indicated that the network structure in healthy individuals was different from the network structure in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder [PwOCD]. In healthy individuals, \"obsessive” personality belief and “danger” obsessive belief were the most strength nodes and formed the core of the central communication between symptoms in these subjects. Regarding the contamination/cleaning subtype, the most central symptoms include \"washing\" obsessive symptom, “danger” obsessive belief, and \"wash\" obsessive symptom. However, \"perfect\" obsessive beliefs, \"check\" obsessive symptoms, and “avoidant” personality beliefs were the most central symptoms in the danger/check subtype. These results demonstrated that each of the studied groups had a unique network structure, which is consistent with the heterogeneous nature of OCD. \u0000Conclusion: Different OCD subtypes have different cognitive-behavioral network structures. According to the results of this study, these symptoms should be given priority in OCD theoretical models and treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"125 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Spiritual End-of-Life Support on the Quality of Life for Leukemia Patients","authors":"Narges Yaghoobi Beglar, Fateme Rezaei, Ehsan Izadipour, Seyyed Mahmood TabaTabaei","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14346","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Patients with leukemia suffer from significant psychological, spiritual, and social symptoms. Therefore, the current research aimed to study the impact of spiritual end-of-life support on the quality of life for leukemia patients. \u0000Method: To this end, the present quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design was performed. The sample included 60 cancer patients randomly assigned to intervention and control groups through the method of permutation block. The experimental group received spiritual support intervention for eight sessions of 60 minutes, while the control group received no intervention. Patients filled out the questionnaire of World Health Organization Quality of Life. The World Health Organization conducts a three-phase assessment to measure the quality of life. These phases include a pre-test, which is conducted before any intervention takes place. Then comes the post-test, which occurs after the intervention. Finally, there is a follow-up assessment conducted two months after the post-test. The obtained results were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis and independent samples t-test using SPSS software. \u0000Results: The findings from the repeated measures analysis revealed that there was a statistically significant interaction between time and group (P = 0.01). In other words, being compared to the control group, the spiritual support significantly increased the life quality of the patients in the experimental group. The experimental group witnessed a sustained enhancement in the quality of life for a period of two months following the intervention (follow-up, P = 0.01). \u0000Conclusion: Ultimately, the provision of spiritual support has the potential to enhance the overall well-being of individuals approaching the end of their lives, offering solace and aiding them in comprehending the true essence and purpose of their existence.","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"112 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Brain Activation According to fMRI Data in Patient with Depression (After Acute Coronary Syndrome and Somatically Healthy) and Healthy Volunteers","authors":"Beliaevskaia Alena Antonovna, Petelin Dmitry Sergeevich, Akhapkin Roman Vitalievich, Volel Beatrice Albertovna, Ternovoy Sergey Konstantinovich","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14335","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study is devoted to the study of brain activation using fMRI in patients with depression (after acute coronary syndrome and somatically healthy) and in healthy volunteers. \u0000Method: The study enrolled a total of 51 patients: 11 with depression after acute coronary syndrome, 16 with primary depressive episode and recurrent depression without prior coronary event, and 24 with ACS without depression. The groups were matched by sex and age. The emotional information processing was evaluated with the Pennsylvania Test of Emotion Recognition. All patients underwent fMRI at the time of this test. The data processing was performed with SPM12 and xjView applications. \u0000Results: During the processing of emotional information in the depressed patients after ACS, specific activation zones in the frontal cortex (P < 0.001), right fusiform gyrus (P < 0.001), and right insular lobe were identified (P = 0.017). In the patients with primary depressive episode and recurrent depression without ACS, certain zones of activation were identified in frontal cortex (P < 0.001; 0.001), left fusiform gyrus (P < 0.001), occipital cortex (P < 0.001). In the patients who had ACS, without depression, some zones of activation were specified in the right middle occipital gyrus (P < 0.001), the right superior frontal gyrus (P = 0.088), and the putamen projection on the right (P < 0.001) and on the left (P = 0.009), as well as the left insular lobe (P = 0.015). \u0000Conclusion: The pathogenesis of depression is significantly associated with the peculiarities of processing emotionally significant information, regardless of the conditions under which it develops. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Effects of Marital Empathy, Body Image, and Perceived Social Support on Quality of Life of Married Women with Breast Cancer and the Mediating Role of Perceived Marital Quality","authors":"Zabihollah KavehFarsani, Everett L. Worthington, Jr.","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14340","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, and its incidence has increased recently. Diagnosing cancer can create many challenges, especially for married women. The aim of the present study was thus to evaluate the effect of the relationships among marital empathy, body image, and perceived social support on quality of life (QoL) and the mediating role of perceived marital quality. \u0000Method: Married women with breast cancer (N = 160) were selected through purposive accessible sampling. Measures included body image scale, Batson empathy adjectives, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, perceived marital quality, and QoL. The research method was descriptive-correlational and using structural equation modeling. \u0000Results: The best model obtained showed that all predictors directly predicted QoL: marital empathy, body image, and perceived social support (P < 0.001). Predictors (except for perceived social support by family, friends, and others) also worked indirectly through perceived marital quality to predict QoL (P < 0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Several variables predicted QoL for women with breast cancer, including body image and marital empathy. Most of such variables had both a direct effect and an indirect effect, working through perceived marital quality to affect QoL. Social support, however, had only a direct effect on QoL.","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"528 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effects of Acupressure and Clonazepam Tablets on Sleep Quality of Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mansooreh Ezzati,&nbsp;Masoumeh Bagheri-Nesami,&nbsp;Javad Setareh,&nbsp;Mahmood Moosazadeh,&nbsp;Fatemeh Espahbodi,&nbsp;Nadali Esmaeili Ahangarkelai","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13632","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The current study aimed to compare the impact of acupressure and clonazepam tablets on the quality of sleep in hemodialysis patients in light of the rising prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the high prevalence of sleep disturbance in these patients, and the side effects of hypnotic drugs. <b>Method</b> <b>:</b> A total of 60 patients were selected for this randomized, controlled clinical trial and randomly assigned to two groups. For two weeks during the researcher's evening shift, one group received acupressure (six spots bilaterally for three minutes each day). The opposing group was administered clonazepam tablets (0.5 mg) for two weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which measures sleep quality, was used to compare sleep in the two groups before and after the intervention. <b>Results:</b> There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups prior to the intervention (P = 0.75) in terms of the mean pre-intervention PSQI scores for the acupressure and clonazepam groups, which were 15.83 ± 1.51 and 16.17 ± 0.91, respectively. However, the average PSQI scores after the intervention in the clonazepam and acupressure groups were 13.25 ± 2.88 and 8.97 ± 4.29, respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). Both the acupressure and the clonazepam groups showed improvements in their post-intervention sleep quality among the patients. However, when the percentage changed in the mean scores of the total score and all of the PSQI components were calculated for each group, it became clear that acupressure was more effective at enhancing sleep than clonazepam tablets. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings of the present investigation demonstrate that acupressure has a greater impact on patients' sleep quality compared to clonazepam tablets. Depending on the circumstances, acupressure can be used as a simple, safe, and non-drug way to enhance hemodialysis patients' quality of sleep.</p>","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"18 4","pages":"455-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5b/cd/IJPS-18-455.PMC10593989.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50163136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Deviation from Time Perspective in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Comparative Analysis in the Clinical Context.","authors":"Hamed Rezaei Golezani,&nbsp;Abbas Bakhshipour,&nbsp;Mahmonir Haghighi,&nbsp;Issa Hekmati,&nbsp;Hamed Abdollahpour Ranjbar","doi":"10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13625","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> A growing body of research stresses the effect of time perspective (TP) on the genesis and maintenance of psychological disorders. However, the variations in the TP configuration of individuals with different disorders have not yet been completely investigated. We aimed to compare the differences in TP among patients with three common psychiatric disorders. <b>Method</b> <b>:</b> We recruited 30 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 30 with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and 30 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Participants completed Zimbardo's Time Perspective Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory, and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). The one-way MANOVA was utilized for the comparison of TP dimensions among the three disordered groups. <b>Results:</b> The results showed that TP was significantly affected in all three clinical groups. The effect of the disorder on time perspective was significant for Past Negative (PN) (F (2, 84) = 11.86, P < 0.01), Past Positive (PP) (F (2, 84) = 6.66, P < 0.01), Present Fatalistic (PF) (F (2, 84) = 7.08, P < 0.01) and Future (F) (F (2, 84) = 26.40, P < 0.01), but not for Present Hedonistic (PH). The findings revealed that the MDD group scored the highest on PN, with the GAD group scoring higher than the OCD group. The GAD and OCD groups reported higher PP than the MDD group. In addition, the MDD group scored higher than both the GAD and OCD groups on PF. Finally, the GAD patients reported higher scores than both the MDD and OCD patients on the F dimension, while the OCD patients scored higher than the MDD patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> Individuals with MDD tend to obtain higher scores in PN and PF time perspective, whereas those with GAD and OCD showed higher PP and F scores. These findings demonstrate the significance of examining TP in clinical patients and prompt further research into the association between TP and the disorders being studied. Perspectives on therapy are also explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":38866,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"18 4","pages":"380-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/f9/IJPS-18-380.PMC10593992.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50163137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}