ASM Science Journal最新文献

{"title":"Development of Web-Based Industrial Revolution 4.0 Implementation Monitoring System Prototype for Academic Programmes","authors":"R. Sapawi, R. Wahi, Azzahrah Annuar, Hamimah Ujir, S. F. Salleh, Hashimatul Fatma Hashim, A. Marzuki, W. H. Wan Ibrahim","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1134","url":null,"abstract":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak has moved forward to transform the conventional academic curriculum in line with Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the Ministry of Education’s aspiration for future-ready curriculum transformation in academic programmes. The process of monitoring the implementation of Curriculum 4.0 in UNIMAS academic programmes involved a significant number of documents that are done manually due to records being kept in writing, printed using files and manual form. Thus, access to information is less organised, time consumed and require storage space. Furthermore, unsystematic, ununiform reporting on transformative teaching and learning with different formatting. A proposed system is developed by using Unified Modelling Language that consists of Use–Case Diagrams, Activity Diagram and Sequence Diagrams to interact between the users. In this prototype, all lecturers are required to fill in 14 criteria covering future-ready curricula such as curriculum structure, transformative learning teaching delivery, and alternative assessments. This system replaced the manual way of managing to monitoring, recording, analysing, and reporting the implementation of curriculum 4.0 elements and criteria in academic programmes including the transformative learning and teaching delivery practices. Furthermore, this proposed system is more efficient, accurate and user-friendly compared to manual implementation.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44924011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Of Carbon Content on The Impact Energy of Ductile Austenitic Cast Iron","authors":"Khaled Abdelaziz Mohamed","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1351","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, the effect of varying the carbon content on the impact energy of ductile cast iron was studied. Three groups of ductile austenitic cast iron (A), (B) and (C) were prepared for Charpy impact tests. The carbon equivalent percent (% CE) for group (A) ranged from 3.51 to 5.04 and the variable element was carbon, whereas the % CE for group (B) is ranged from 3.86 to 4.64 and the variable element was silicon, and the % CE for group (C) is ranged from 3.79 to 4.80 and the variable element was nickel. Results show that there is an inverse proportional relation between the absorbed impact energy and the % CE if silicon or nickel are used as variable elements, while this relation remains constant when using carbon as variable element to control the value of % CE.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46274739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Hydraulic Roughness Coefficients of Some Vegetated Species in Awka, Nigeria","authors":"Luis Chukwuemeka Orakwe, K. Ogbu, J. Ubah, Chike Pius Nwachukwu, Chinaza Rosemary Akamonye, Uchenna Okoro","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1008","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, selected types of grasses were studied to determine their hydraulic roughness coefficient and to select the most suitable grass for erosion control. The experiments were performed in twelve trapezoidal open channels measuring 5 m x 0.12 m x 0.03 m at different flow depths (0.001m, 0.002m, 0.003m, 0.004m and 0.005m) and at varying bed slope (0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%). Overall, Bahama grass showed the highest Manning’s n-value due to its deep root system and creeping nature. For each slope, the degree of submergence, Reynolds number, and flow depth increases as Manning’s n decreases. As the flow depth increases, the Reynolds number increased while the drag coefficient, Cd decreases.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47019066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence on Ratio of NaOH/ZrSiO4 in Alkali Fusion for Amang Zircon Sand","authors":"I. Subuki","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1093","url":null,"abstract":"Amang Zircon Sand from Amang Onn Sdn. Bhd. mineral company has a high composition of zirconium at 61.63 wt% and low silicon composition at 4.90 wt%. The high composition of zirconium in Amang zircon sand indicates the possibility to synthesise it into a zirconia. Zirconium was synthesised using alkali fusion method with different ratio of NaOH/ZrSiO4 to determine the optimum ratio based on the zirconium yield. Alkali fusion method is coupled with thermal treatment as it will produce a higher yield of zirconium with lower impurities. Then it will be leached with deionised water and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The synthesised zirconium was characterised through X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size distribution (PSD) analysis. The XRF analysis after the fusion and thermal treatment shows a high composition of zirconium as well as great reduction of silicon. 1.2NaOH/ZrSiO4 is determined to be the optimum ratio as it has the lowest silicon impurity of 2.11 wt% and high yield of zirconium at 71.40 wt%. The low impurities will reduce the chance of cracking and maximising the efficiency of zirconia. It is supported by XRD patterns that are dominated by high zirconium peaks. The zirconium oxychloride obtained after acid leaching has a high zirconium composition. This shows that it is possible to use Amang zircon sand as a precursor to synthesis a zirconia using alkali fusion method with sodium hydroxide.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43785519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Pozzolanic Reactivity of Spent Bleaching Earth Ash (SBEA) in Binary Blended Cement Mortar through Calcination","authors":"C. H. Lim","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1292","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of calcination on spent bleaching earth ash (SBEA) were investigated in terms of its contribution to pozzolanic reactivity as well as the strength of blended cement mortar when used as partial cement substitution. SBEA waste, which is plentiful in the global stock, showed some potential as pozzolanic material to reduce reliance on the traditional clinker cement. However, actual research on its use as cement replacement and how it may benefit from calcination was still very limited. This paper can conclude that SBEA contains sufficient silica and alumina oxides as well as satisfactory levels of pozzolanic reactivity to be classified Class N natural pozzolan. By calcining SBEA up to a temperature of 700 °C, its pozzolanic reactivity was improved due to the amorphisation of its contents, leading to an increase in the allowable level of replacements from 30 to 40 % as well as the peak strength achieved. These findings allowed calcined SBEA to be used in greater volume in cement mortar compared to an untreated SBEA. It is also worth noting that an excessively high calcination temperature around 900 °C was found to be detrimental to both the pozzolanic reactivity and strength development of cement mortars.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42650713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Risk Factors Affecting Suicidal Ideation among Higher Education in Malaysia using Analytic Hierarchy Process","authors":"Sin Yin Chan, Chee Keong Ch’ng","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide can be defined as an act of self-injury with the intent to die. According to World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that more than 700 000 people end their life every year. Suicide becomes a critical social problem in recent years and it is one of the key reasons for death among university students. Generally, the prevalence of suicidal ideation among university students is ranged from 1.3% to 32.7% worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the risk factors for suicidal ideation among university students and rank them based on the significance level so that the students with these characteristics can be identified promptly and proper actions can be taken to help them. In this study, we had discovered 18 risk factors for suicidal ideation through systematic literature review and these factors were ranked based on the importance level using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. As a result, we found that the most important factors that lead to suicidal ideation were prior suicide attempts, mental disorder and negative life events. In contrast, gender and residential area were the least important reasons for suicidal ideation. Thus, the implementation of AHP method enables us to compare various risk factors effectively.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47377893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Silica from Rice Husk Ash and Its Effect on the Properties of the Integral Membrane","authors":"N. Chik, N. K. Kassim Shaari, N. Ramlee, Muhamad Rezza Bin Abdul Manaf","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1035","url":null,"abstract":"The large generation of agricultural residue could pose an environmental issue that lies through the disposal problem. Therefore, the incorporation of rice husk ash (RHA) into the membrane formulation could curb this problem besides adding value to the biomass. Rice husk ash is widely used as a filler for a polymer composite to enhance its mechanical properties due to the presence of silica. This research incorporated RHA into the membrane formulation. The silica in the RHA was extracted using an acid-leaching process and dried into silica powder. The silica powder was characterised by using an X-Ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF). A sol-gel method with hydrochloric acid as the catalyst was used in the fabrication of polysulfone/chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol membrane, and the extracted silica powder was incorporated in the formulations. The membranes were characterised in terms of functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), surface morphology using Scanning Electron Emission (SEM) analysis, and surface hydrophilicity using contact angle analysis. Finally, the performance of the membrane was analysed by pure water flux and antifouling. The XRD and XRF results showed that the extracted silica powder contained 77% of silica with the absence of impurities. The cross-linking reaction of membranes occurred as the Si–O–C bond was detected at 1,105cm−1 after the FTIR analysis, and a compact structure of the membrane was detected from the SEM analysis. The results from pure water flux portrayed that the membranes incorporated with silica (M1 and M2) had better integral stability compared to that from the pure polymer, which was observed from the consistent value of flux throughout the 1-hour filtration time and no swelling of the membranes after the performance testing. The results also showed that the extraction of silica from the RHA using a modified process was successfully conducted, and the silica powder was also compatible with the membrane solution as no separate layer was formed. Thus, the produced membranes have the potential to be used in the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metal ions.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47699815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undergoing Science Experiment in Hybrid Learning","authors":"Nazihah Idris","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1173","url":null,"abstract":"Mastering in science concepts involves theoretical understanding and experimental scientific investigation. Students who do not master science process skills in science experiments comprehensively cannot solve problems related to the inquiry-discovery approach. Through hybrid learning, science experiments can also be conducted effectively. Hybrid learning is one cohesive learning experience that combines face-to-face and online mode learning. This concept paper identifies the positive impacts of the implementation of a science experiment in hybrid learning based on literature review. After the comprehensive review were made, findings show that through hybrid learning, hands-on science experiments can be performed at home with everyday materials and online support. Furthermore, undergoing hands-on science experiments in hybrid learning produces students who can identify, apply, and incorporate science concepts. In conclusion, hybrid learning becomes an alternative pedagogical method that follows the current needs towards increasing students' interest in exploring science phenomena. Empirical research regarding this topic can be conducted further about the effectiveness of undergoing science experiment by using hybrid learning practice.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42677095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Population Doubling Time of HepG2 and Huh-7 Cells and the Toxic Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO)","authors":"F. Hatta, Ruhil Nadirah Che Omar, M. Ismail, R. M. Yusoff, Mohd Shihabuddin Ahmad Noorden","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1238","url":null,"abstract":"Developing cell lines that carry promising qualities closest to human hepatocytes in drug studies is a dream of many research laboratories. About 90% of drugs are metabolised by the liver. Therefore, most drug discovery studies utilise hepatocytes to understand the basic mechanism of the drug’s breakdown. To assure hepatocytes survival, various solvents were tested for their cytotoxicity on the cell line. Since most drugs are weakly soluble in water, they can be dissolved in an aprotic solvent. To obtain accurate results, the requirements of these solvents are biocompatible and non-toxic to the cells. One of the most commonly used solvents is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). This study aims to understand the cell characteristic of cells doubling time and investigate the toxic effect of DMSO using the cell proliferation measurement technique. The toxicity was measured on liver-derived cell lines HepG2 and Huh-7. Cell growth and morphology were observed with an inverted phase microscope while cell viability was counted using Vi-Call XR 2.03. Results showed that a doubling time of 32 hours would be best for treatments on both cells. A concentration of more than 0.40% DMSO has significant toxicity and caused inhibition of proliferation on both cell lines, resulting in low cell count and higher cell death. Ethanol and methanol were observed as good solvents since they have low toxicity. However, drugs that were only dissolved in a low concentration of DMSO (0.05-0.2%) gave the best result without any harmful effect on cell proliferation. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45034628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process Mining: Auditing Approach Based on Process Discovery Using Frequency Paths Concept","authors":"Zineb Lamghari","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2022.1225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.1225","url":null,"abstract":"In the company environment, the management team is responsible for producing normative models. The normative model is considered a standard model that aims at auditing all business processes in the same context. In this regard, the audit operation encompasses four process mining activities, in a hybrid evaluation (offline and online), which are the detect, the check, the compare, and the promote activities. This is still well performed for structured business processes. Otherwise, complex processes may deviate from the initial defined normative model context. Indeed, the latter must be refined for more precise results. Therefore, the combination of human knowledge, control-flow discovery algorithms, and process mining activities is required. To this end, we present a technique for reducing the complexity of unstructured process models (Spaghetti process models) into structured ones (Lasagna process models). This framework outputs a refined normative model for improving the future Business Process (BP) auditing operations. Moreover, this work introduces the sustainability advantage that can occur using process mining techniques.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47286676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}