ASM Science Journal最新文献

Ergonomics Risk Assessment Methods to Minimise Musculoskeletal Disorders: Barecore Workers in Indonesia 最大限度减少肌肉骨骼疾病的人体工学风险评估方法：印度尼西亚的赤膊工人

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1401

Indah Pratiwi

{"title":"Ergonomics Risk Assessment Methods to Minimise Musculoskeletal Disorders: Barecore Workers in Indonesia","authors":"Indah Pratiwi","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1401","url":null,"abstract":"Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of bare-core making in Indonesia are still done manually, exerting a lot of human effort, repeatedly with awkward postures, bending and turning bodies, sitting or standing positions for long periods of time and the hands’ reaching things too far away. This condition is very detrimental to health and is at risk for the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This research aims to evaluate and analyse the postures performed by bare-core workers, and to compare the results of the JS Index, ART Tool, and OCRA Checklist methods. The highest total score for each workstation is then proposed for improvements in the form of workstation design so that the total score can be reduced, this will reduce the risk of MSDs. The research was carried out both quantitatively and qualitatively including literature studies, field studies, and distributing Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaires to 30 workers. The research method used is the Job Strain Index (JS Index), the Assessment of Repetitive Task (ART) Tool, and the Occupational Repetitive Action (OCRA) Checklist. The method is to determine the risk of muscle injury caused by work posture on work activities carried out. The results showed that work risk was caused by effort per minute, repetition of work, length of rest, and arm posture. The redesign of the workstation resulted in a decrease in the highest exposure score of 48% (12 points) on the right-hand activity inserting wood into the SP 1 machine, while the lowest exposure decrease of 19% (4 points) on the right-hand activity inserting wood into the GangRip machine. The implication is that workers allocate rest time appropriately and the interaction of workers with machines is using the results of the redesign of the workstation.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyaluronidase Involvement in Streptococcus pneumoniae Biofilm Activity 透明质酸酶参与肺炎链球菌生物膜活动

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1345

Muhammad Abdullah Suaidan, Nor Munirah Mohd Amin, Mohammad Izwan Enche Othman, Nurul Azahana Mohd Nayian, Abu Zarrin Abu Mansor, Hanani Ahmay Yusof

{"title":"Hyaluronidase Involvement in Streptococcus pneumoniae Biofilm Activity","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah Suaidan, Nor Munirah Mohd Amin, Mohammad Izwan Enche Othman, Nurul Azahana Mohd Nayian, Abu Zarrin Abu Mansor, Hanani Ahmay Yusof","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1345","url":null,"abstract":"Streptococcus pneumoniae causes numerous severe infections and results in a significant number of mortality cases due to various virulence factors, including its ability to form a biofilm. The antimicrobial resistance and the challenges the host immune system faces in combating the biofilm make treatment against S. pneumoniae increasingly difficult. Consequently, investigations into pneumococcal biofilm are of paramount importance. The formation and enhancement of pneumococcal biofilm have been found to be influenced by various molecules, including hyaluronic acid. The degradation of hyaluronic acid by its specific enzyme, hyaluronidase, is believed to amplify the pathogenicity of pneumococci through increased colonisation. To delve deeper, the roles of hyaluronidase and hyaluronic acid in pneumococcal biofilm formation were investigated. The wild-type and Δhyl S. pneumoniae strains were cultivated in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) media, both with and without the addition of hyaluronic acid, for six days. The formation of the biofilm at each incubation interval was identified using a crystal-violet (CV) microplate biofilm screening assay. These readings were analysed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The Δhyl mutant strain generally exhibited lower biofilm production during the initial four days but significantly surpassed the wild-type strain on days 5 and 6. No notable differences in biofilm measurements were observed between the two strains when cultured in media enriched with hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronidase appears to play a role in the biofilm cycle of S. pneumoniae, whereas additional hyaluronic acid in the culture medium seems to have no marked impact on biofilm activities. Further research is necessary to gain a clearer understanding of hyaluronidase’s function in S. pneumoniae biofilm activities.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysing the Determinants of Job Selection Preferences among Quantitative Science Students in Malaysia using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) 利用多标准决策（MCDM）分析马来西亚数量科学专业学生择业偏好的决定因素

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1638

Chee Keong Ch'ng

{"title":"Analysing the Determinants of Job Selection Preferences among Quantitative Science Students in Malaysia using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)","authors":"Chee Keong Ch'ng","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1638","url":null,"abstract":"Selecting a job is a crucial decision for university students, particularly those in quantitative science disciplines, given its profound impact on their future careers. However, students often face challenges in navigating job options, necessitating a deeper understanding of their preferences and decision-making processes. The factors influencing their job preferences are multifaceted and require thorough examination to support informed career planning. Understanding these determinants is important for both students and stakeholders, such as educators and employers, to develop effective strategies and programs that align with students' career aspirations. This study aims to identify and analyse the determinants of job preferences among undergraduate students in quantitative science disciplines. Specifically, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology is employed to rank job alternatives and evaluate the consistency of the AHP model in capturing students' preferences accurately. Data for this study were collected through online questionnaires distributed to undergraduate quantitative science students in their seventh semester at Universiti Utara Malaysia. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology was utilised to assess the significance of various research criteria and rank available job alternatives based on students' preferences and priorities. The findings reveal that local job opportunities are preferred over other alternatives. The local job alternative received the highest weightage of 0.3504, closely followed by foreign jobs with a weightage of 0.3468 and jobs in hometown with a weightage of 0.3028. These results emphasise the significance of prioritising local job opportunities in students' career planning processes. They underscore the need for universities and industry employers to consider local job opportunities as a priority when designing career-related programs and initiatives to better align with students' preferences and needs.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Column Deformation for Steel Frames with Semi-rigid Connection 半刚性连接钢框架柱变形的影响

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1138

Shahrin Mohammad, Cher Siang Tan, Ahmad Baharuddin Abd. Rahman, Yeong Huei Lee

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Thermoplastic Filaments for 3D Printing in The Development of Ventilator During Ventilator Shortage Situation 在呼吸机短缺的情况下，比较用于 3D 打印的热塑性塑料丝在呼吸机开发中的应用

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1848

Nur Atiqah Shahrizan, Maya Abdullah Maamuom, Mohd Naqib Johari

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Facility Management in Achieving Carbon Neutrality in the Green Building Industry Supply Chain 设施管理在绿色建筑行业供应链中实现碳中和的有效性

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1730

Zhang Jing Bing, Jiang Yong Jian, Leong Wai Yie, Chan Siew Chong, Leong Yuan Zhi

{"title":"Effectiveness of Facility Management in Achieving Carbon Neutrality in the Green Building Industry Supply Chain","authors":"Zhang Jing Bing, Jiang Yong Jian, Leong Wai Yie, Chan Siew Chong, Leong Yuan Zhi","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1730","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouse gas emissions is harmful to the global climate, carbon neutrality has been an important topic gaining attention worldwide. Carbon emissions from the construction industry are significant, including those generated by facility management during the operation of buildings. This study analysed the lifecycle and supply chain of the materials required for the disinfection process in the CITIC Tower (Beijing) facility management, alcohol disinfectant, through qualitative and quantitative methods. The study also explored possible means of reducing carbon emissions in the production and supply of alcohol disinfectants. This paper will classify the selection criteria for facility managers to choose sustainable products in the context of carbon neutrality. The findings should that in the context of COVID-19, facility management has been extended to include daily disinfection to maintain the health of employees. For large office buildings, facility management requires a large number of materials on a daily basis, and there is scope for reducing carbon emissions through the supply and production of these materials. There is also the specific process of distillation, which requires heat, and the fact that the contribution to carbon emissions varies according to the type of heat used. The use of burnt maize straw would be the best option, which makes maximum use of every growing part of the maize. In summary, the proposed research model and findings of this study are applicable to the calculation of carbon emissions from the supply of facility management materials for all office buildings in China and provide a reference for the calculation of carbon emissions from the wider facility management material supplying process.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Switchable Dual-Wavelength Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fibre Laser using Spider Silk as a Biocompatible and Eco-Friendly Saturable Absorber 使用蜘蛛丝作为生物兼容且环保的饱和吸收体的可切换双波长 Q 开关掺铒光纤激光器

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1758

Nur Ainnaa Mardhiah Muhammad, Noor Azura Awang, M. I. Supaat

{"title":"Switchable Dual-Wavelength Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fibre Laser using Spider Silk as a Biocompatible and Eco-Friendly Saturable Absorber","authors":"Nur Ainnaa Mardhiah Muhammad, Noor Azura Awang, M. I. Supaat","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1758","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to study the dual-wavelength Q-switched fibre laser performances with erbium-doped fibre as the gain medium and the fibre Bragg gratings to allow stable switchable dual-wavelength states. Spider silk was used as an alternative biological material for saturable absorber. The spider silk as a saturable absorber was prepared by directly sandwiched between the surface of fibre ferrules. A dual-wavelength system operating at 1550 nm and 1560 nm was generated by modulating the polarisation controller to regulate the mode competition in the ring cavity. This allows for a flexible switch between individual wavelengths of 1550 nm or 1560 nm. The device operates at a wavelength of 1550 nm, with 26.63 kHz repetition rate and 9.45 μs pulse width. At a wavelength of 1560 nm, it produces a repetition rate of 24 kHz and a pulse width of 10.47 μs. The output demonstrated consistent stability throughout time, with no changes recorded. This indicates a stable signal-to-noise ratio of 41.12 dB and 34 dB for wavelengths 1550 nm and 1560 nm, respectively. This study presents the latest approach using spider silk as a saturable absorber to create a dual-wavelength Q-switched fibre laser. The laser is based on a fibre Bragg gratings device and has potential uses in terahertz signal and laser radar.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Failure Analysis for Project-Based Learning (PBL) in Engineering 工程学项目式学习 (PBL) 的故障分析

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1598

Zhang Jing Bing, Wai Yie Leong

{"title":"Failure Analysis for Project-Based Learning (PBL) in Engineering","authors":"Zhang Jing Bing, Wai Yie Leong","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1598","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the failure of project-based learning, to help students analyse their main issue of project failure and develop better solutions. A Return on Failure analysis for Engineering Design courses has been developed in this study. The engineering design courses, which are often included in the first, second, and third years of undergraduate engineering courses at the School of Engineering, provide a distinctive setting for the practice of engineering project-based learning (PBL). The PBL is a commonly utilised method that can be used to accomplish two main educational objectives: confirming the theoretical concepts learned in previous disciplines and developing the professional qualities required for graduates, such as teamwork and good communication. We have incorporated the usage of Return on Failure analysis in project-based learning courses to improve the knowledge of project failure in order to further develop the students' failure analytical skills. Students are required to build the Ping-Pong Robot, a robot that can play ping-pong, as part of their \"Engineering Design & Communication\" project. It was a really multidisciplinary project because the skills and knowledge required not only robotics but also design, material selection, and engineering mechanics. From the first-year engineering students, more than 85 Return on Failure analyses were gathered. The failure analyses that were gathered were frequently used in undergraduate and graduate courses as surveys, teaching, and learning techniques.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Media Communication and Cultural Influence in Chinese Malaysian Students’ Career Choice in STEM 马来西亚华裔学生在 STEM 职业选择中的媒体传播与文化影响

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1750

Hui Bieh Wee

{"title":"Media Communication and Cultural Influence in Chinese Malaysian Students’ Career Choice in STEM","authors":"Hui Bieh Wee","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1750","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a decline of Malaysian students pursuing STEM courses over the past few decades. The democratisation of higher education since the 1980s has seen intense advertising of higher education in local media, which plays a role in shaping students’ career choices. Applying Stuart Hall’s theory of Circuit of Culture, a study deploying advertisements, and a survey with intensive interviews has been conducted to understand media and cultural influences on STEM career choice of Chinese Malaysians. Several factors, including media stereotyping nature of jobs of STEM as laboratory-based and practical activities, lack of curation of distinct images and role models in many STEM careers, lack of experiential exposure in daily social settings, fragmentised science communications, and disconnect of Chinese Malaysians from mainstream national development could have contributed to this decline. The study found that there is no distinct dislike towards STEM by Chinese Malaysians. Rather, for them, there are a wide range of careers beyond STEM, with non-STEM careers appearing to be more attractive in terms of career prospects. Alternative discourses and narratives for STEM careers with reimaging of nature of jobs for STEM careers to reconstruct perception towards STEM via the media and science communications could enhance the attractiveness of STEM careers. Additionally, a multi-disciplinary approach to higher education and promotion of specific STEM careers based on market needs could bring STEM closer to students.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Career as Self-Identity in Chinese Malaysian Students’ Career Choice in STEM 职业是马来西亚华裔学生在 STEM 职业选择中的自我认同

ASM Science Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.32802/asmscj.2023.1751

Hui Bieh Wee

{"title":"Career as Self-Identity in Chinese Malaysian Students’ Career Choice in STEM","authors":"Hui Bieh Wee","doi":"10.32802/asmscj.2023.1751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1751","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese Malaysians who inherit the traditional Chinese culture have evolved with assimilation of globalisation with colonialism elements to form a myriad of cultural mélange, with an impact on career choice in STEM. Applying Stuart Hall’s theory of circuit of culture, a study deploying obituaries has been used to understand media and cultural influence on STEM career choice. Career as self-identity and social status has influenced Chinese Malaysian students’ career choice, with a hierarchy of prestige among them and medicine occupying the top position. Career choice for them in STEM is found to be limited to a few which are socially visible. In addition, the hegemony of “university”, “degree” over “college”, “diploma”, “vocational” and “training” has resulted in Chinese Malaysians to consider technical and vocational education and training as well as practical-oriented courses in STEM as second choice. This does not augur well for national human resource development in emerging fields in STEM. Alternative discourses and narratives for STEM careers with reimaging of nature of jobs for STEM careers to reconstruct perception towards STEM via the media and science communications could enhance the attractiveness of STEM careers. Additionally, multi-disciplinary approach to higher education and promotion of specific STEM careers based on market needs could bring STEM closer to students.","PeriodicalId":38804,"journal":{"name":"ASM Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0