Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual最新文献

{"title":"Imaging of Double Inlet Left Ventricle","authors":"Lindsay S. Rogers MD, MEd","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Double inlet left ventricle (DILV) is a form of single ventricle heart disease where both atrioventricular valves enter a single left ventricle. Surgical intervention may be needed in the neonatal period secondary to systemic outflow tract obstruction or less commonly pulmonary obstruction. Two-dimensional echocardiography can adequately assess newborn anatomy and define the need for surgery. Beyond the newborn period, there is a renewed interest in septation of DILV using intracardiac baffles in a staged approach. Cross sectional imaging can aid in surgical planning. This article will review common anatomic features of DILV and imaging considerations for both single ventricle palliation and DILV septation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139639181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"En Bloc Rotation of the Outflow Tracts – Double Root Translocation","authors":"Rudolf Mair MD ,&nbsp;Michaela Kreuzer MD ,&nbsp;Eva Sames-Dolzer MD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>En bloc rotation of the outflow tracts or double root translocation offers an anatomic repair of transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and closely related forms of double outlet right ventricle. The technical principle is to excise aortic and pulmonary root en bloc, rotate them as a whole by 180°, and reimplant them. The left ventricular outflow tract is enlarged with the patch closing the ventricular septal defect. In our experience, two thirds of the pulmonary valves could be preserved. Growth of the aortic and pulmonary root could be demonstrated in several studies performed by our group. It is still a complex and technically demanding procedure with long cardiopulmonary bypass periods and cross-clamp times. However, perioperative mortality and complications do not differ significantly from other forms of reconstruction. The reoperation rate is significantly lower. Presently, the best time to perform this operation seems to be after the newborn period within the first year of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Surgical to Total Transcatheter Stage I Palliation: Exploring Evidence and Perspectives","authors":"Rodrigo Zea-Vera MD ,&nbsp;Francesca Sperotto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Pirooz Eghtesady MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Nicola Maschietto MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Neonates with single ventricle physiology and ductal-dependent </span>systemic circulation<span><span><span>, such as those with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, undergo </span>palliation<span> in the first days of life. Over the past decades, variations on the traditional Stage 1 palliation, also known as Norwood operation, have emerged. These include the hybrid palliation and the total transcatheter approach. Here, we review the current evidence and data on different Stage 1 approaches, with a focus on their advantages, challenges, and future perspectives. Overall, although controversy remains regarding the superiority or inferiority of one approach to another, outcomes after the Norwood and the hybrid palliation have improved over time. However, both procedures still represent high-risk approaches that entail exposure to </span></span>sternotomy<span>, surgery, and potential cardiopulmonary bypass. The total transcatheter Stage 1 palliation spares patients the surgical and cardiopulmonary bypass insults and has proven to be an effective strategy to bridge even high-risk infants to a later palliative surgery, complete repair, or transplant. As the most recently proposed approach, data are still limited but promising. Future studies will be needed to better define the advantages, challenges, outcomes, and overall potential of this novel approach.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editors’ Introduction","authors":"Meena Nathan MD, MPH, FRCS ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Fuller MD, MS","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Outcomes in Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: Novel Pursuits and Paradigm Shifts","authors":"Rachel D. Vanderlaan MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) remains a clinical challenge, with progressive restenosis being common. In the past five years, we have seen an exponential increase in both clinical and scientific publication related to PVS. Central to progress in PVS clinical care is the paradigm shift towards collaborative, multidisciplinary care that utilizes a multimodality approach to treatment. This manuscript will discuss recent conceptual gains in PVS treatment and research while highlighting important outstanding questions and barriers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Heritage: You Had to Be There, Ross: The Comeback Kid","authors":"Magdi H. Yacoub OM, FRS ,&nbsp;Maximiliaan L. Notenboom BSc ,&nbsp;Giovanni Melina MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Johanna J.M. Takkenberg MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Half a century after the first pulmonary autograft operation (Ross operation), performed in 1967 by Donald Ross in central London, there is a very strong conviction that the Ross operation is the best available valve substitute today, not only for children, but also for younger and older adults. The Ross operation has stimulated a lot of science to do with tissue-engineering and biology of heart valves, which is a promising avenue for the future. For one of us (M.Y.), it has certainly been a privilege to be associated with the comeback of the Ross operation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1092912623000200/pdfft?md5=e57738be2d51fa2337af1812dcc76deb&pid=1-s2.0-S1092912623000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135515770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Support with Single Ventricle-Ventricular Assist Device (sVAD) in Patients with Functionally Univentricular Circulation Prior to Fontan Operation","authors":"Mark S. Bleiweis MD,&nbsp;Joseph Philip MD, FAAP,&nbsp;James C. Fudge MD,&nbsp;Himesh V. Vyas MD,&nbsp;Giles J. Peek MD, FRCS, CTh, FFICM,&nbsp;Andrew D. Pitkin MBBS, MRCP, FRCA,&nbsp;Gregory M. Janelle MD, FASE, FASA,&nbsp;Kevin J. Sullivan MD,&nbsp;Yuriy Stukov MD,&nbsp;Connie S. Nixon RN,&nbsp;Omar M. Sharaf BS,&nbsp;Dan Neal MS,&nbsp;Jeffrey P. Jacobs MD, FACS, FACC, FCCP","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Some patients with functionally univentricular circulation develop cardiac failure refractory to maximal management and are supported with a ventricular assist device<span> (VAD). The purpose of this manuscript is to summarize our previous publications related to single ventricle-ventricular assist device (sVAD) support in patients<span> with functionally univentricular circulation and to describe our current institutional approach at University of Florida to sVAD support in neonates, infants, and children prior to Fontan. Our programmatic philosophy at University of Florida is to strive to identify the minority of neonates with functionally univentricular circulation who are extremely high-risk prior to initiating staged palliation and to stabilize these neonates with primary preemptive sVAD in preparation for </span></span></span>cardiac transplantation; our rationale for this approach is related to the challenges associated with failed staged palliation and subsequent bail-out sVAD support and transplantation. A subset of extremely high-risk neonates and infants with functionally univentricular ductal-dependent circulation undergo primary preemptive sVAD insertion and subsequent cardiac transplantation. Support with VAD clearly facilitates survival on the waiting list during prolonged wait times and optimizes outcomes after Norwood (Stage 1) by providing an alternative pathway for extremely high-risk patients. Therefore, the selective utilization of sVAD in extremely high-risk neonates facilitates improved outcomes for all patients with functionally univentricular ductal-dependent circulation.</p><p><span>At University of Florida, our programmatic approach to utilizing sVAD support as a bridge to transplantation in the minority of neonates with functionally univentricular circulation who are extremely high-risk for staged palliation is associated with Operative Mortality after Norwood (Stage 1) Operation of 2.9% (2/68) and a one-year survival of 91.1% (82/90) for all neonates presenting with </span>hypoplastic left heart syndrome<span><span> (HLHS) or HLHS-related malformation with functionally univentricular ductal-dependent </span>systemic circulation.</span></p><p>Meanwhile, at University of Florida, for all 82 consecutive neonates, infants, and children supported with pulsatile paracorporeal VAD: Kaplan-Meier survival estimated one year after VAD insertion = 73.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 64.1–83.8%), and Kaplan-Meier survival estimated five years after VAD insertion = 68.3% (95% CI = 58.4–79.8%). For all 48 consecutive neonates, infants, and children at University of Florida with biventricular circulation supported with pulsatile paracorporeal VAD: Kaplan-Meier survival estimated one year after VAD insertion = 82.7% (95% CI = 72.4–94.4%), and Kaplan-Meier survival estimated five years after VAD insertion = 79.7% (95% CI = 68.6–92.6%). For all 34 consecutive neonates, infants, and children at University of Florida with","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"26 ","pages":"Pages 26-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward More Granular Guidelines in AAOCA: Associating Anatomical Details With Specific Surgical Strategies","authors":"Anusha Jegatheeswaran MD, PhD, FRCSC ,&nbsp;William M. DeCampli MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Patients with anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) require imaging to clarify the multiple potential anatomic sites of obstruction (fixed or dynamic). Once repaired, the pathway of blood to the </span>myocardium<span> must not encounter: (1) intrinsic ostial stenosis, (2) obstruction from compression or distortion near the commissure or the intercoronary pillar, (3) stenosis where the artery exits the aortic wall (due to an acutely angled “take-off”), (4) compression due to a pathway between the great vessels, (5) stenosis or compression along an intramural course, or (6) compression due to an intramuscular (intraseptal/intraconal) course. Detailed anatomic evaluation of each of these locations allows the surgeon to select an appropriate repair strategy, and each of these abnormal anatomic features should be “matched” with a particular surgical correction. We speculate that the most common surgical repair, unroofing with or without tacking, is often inadequate, as in isolation, it may not allow for correction with a large orifice from the appropriate sinus, without an interarterial course. While the evidence base is insufficient to call these recommendations formal guidelines, these recommendations should serve as a basis for further validity testing, and ultimate evolution to more granular guidelines on AAOCA management.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"26 ","pages":"Pages 63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catheter-based Interventions to Reduce or Modify Surgical Risk in High-Risk Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients","authors":"Weiyi Tan MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Jamil Aboulhosn MD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The field of adult congenital heart disease<span> has changed greatly over the past sixty years. As patients are now surviving longer into adulthood due to various improvements in surgical technique and medical technology<span>, the demographic of patients with congenital heart disease<span> (CHD) has changed, such that there are now more adults with CHD than there are children with CHD. This older and more medically complex population needs more interventions to treat residual defects or sequelae of their initial surgeries, and many of these patients are now deemed high risk for surgery. When the surgical risk becomes too great, either due to patient complexity, surgical complexity, or both, then transcatheter procedures may have a role in either mitigating or avoiding the risk altogether.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"26 ","pages":"Pages 89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9340320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training on Congenital 3D Cardiac Models – Will Models Improve Surgical Performance?","authors":"David J Barron MD, FRCS(CT) ,&nbsp;Nabil Hussein MBChB, PhD ,&nbsp;Shi-Joon Yoo MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.pcsu.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Technical skill development in congenital heart surgery (CHS) is challenging due to numerous factors which potentially limit the hands-on operative exposure in surgical training. These challenges have stimulated the growth of simulation-based training through the development of 3D-printed models, providing hands-on surgical training (HOST). From its inception in 2015, the models used in the HOST program have constantly improved, and now include valvar/subvalvar apparatus and better materials that mimic real tissue. Evidence shows that deliberate, regular simulation practice can improve a surgeon's technical skills across the spectrum of CHS. Furthermore, surgical trainees who undergo simulation training are able to translate this improved performance into the operative environment with improved patient outcomes. Despite evidence to support the incorporation of simulation methods into congenital training, its widespread adoption into training curricula remains low. This is due to numerous factors including funding, lack of dedicated time or proctorship and access to models—all of which can be overcome with the newer generation of models and committed trainers. Training programs should consider incorporating simulation-methods as a routine component of congenital training programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":38774,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual","volume":"26 ","pages":"Pages 9-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}