Clinical and Molecular Allergy最新文献

{"title":"The blocking effect of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in the mouse model of asthma.","authors":"Seo-Hee Kim,&nbsp;Hoang Kim Tu Trinh,&nbsp;Hae-Sim Park,&nbsp;Yoo Seob Shin","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00149-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00149-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is apparent that the interaction between platelets and eosinophils plays a critical role in the activation of allergic inflammation. We investigated whether blocking of the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor can attenuate allergic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness through inhibition of platelet-eosinophil aggregation (PEA) in asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BALB/c mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on days 0 and 14, followed by 3 nebulized OVA challenges on days 28-30. On each challenge day, 5 mg/kg tirofiban was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before the challenge. Mice were assessed for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and the degree of PEA. Finally, the activation levels of platelets and eosinophils were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tirofiban treatment decreased AHR and eosinophilic inflammation in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) fluid. This treatment also reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in BAL fluid and airway inflammatory cell infiltration in histological evaluation. Interestingly, the blocking of the GP IIb/IIIa receptor more reduced PEA in both blood and lung tissue of tirofiban-treated mice than in those of the positive control mice, and both eosinophilic and platelet activations were attenuated in tirofiban-treated mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The blocking of GP IIb/IIIa receptor with tirofiban can attenuate AHR and airway inflammation through the inhibition of PEA and activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00149-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39179698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized medicine and allergen immunotherapy: the beginning of a new era?","authors":"Cristoforo Incorvaia,&nbsp;Erminia Ridolo,&nbsp;Diego Bagnasco,&nbsp;Silvia Scurati,&nbsp;Giorgio Walter Canonica","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00150-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00150-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of personalized medicine as a diagnostic and therapeutic approach tailored to the medical needs of each patient is currently revolutionizing all fields of medicine and in particular allergology. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) meets the three main needs for precision medicine: identification of molecular mechanism of disease, diagnostic tools for the mechanism and treatment blocking the mechanism itself. AIT adapts to the spectrum of specific IgE of each individual subject, changing the course and natural history of the disease, so is a clear model of precision and personalized medicine. This first step before the prescription of AIT is to define the sensitization profile of the patient; after that, the healthcare professional has numerous levers for adapting the treatment to the physio-pathological mechanisms involved. AIT allows to adapt treatments to the profile of the patients, but also to the its preferences, to ensure optimal treatment efficacy, resulting in an agile and personalized approach, with the aim to ensure adherence to the treatment, which is usually quite low. AIT also broadens the field of possibilities for healthcare professionals and patients, by allowing to choose the galenic formulation according to patient preferences and on the basis of their clinical history, adapting the product composition to the patient's sensitization profiles and the underlying biological mechanisms identified at the diagnostic stage, while guaranteeing quality of the prescribed product as the production of allergens and allergoids is today more regulated than in the past years. In the management of AIT, it is also possible to involve patients in decisions throughout their care pathway thanks to multiple services, offering personalized follow-up and support, to ensure the highest treatment efficacy levels, and recalling medication intake, medical appointments and prescription renewals.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00150-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39162044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-31, itch and hematological malignancies.","authors":"Eleonora Di Salvo,&nbsp;Alessandro Allegra,&nbsp;Marco Casciaro,&nbsp;Sebastiano Gangemi","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00148-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00148-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pruritus is one of the most common symptoms experienced by neoplastic patients. The pathogenesis of neoplastic itch is complex and multifactorial and could be due to an unbalanced production of humoral mediators by altered immune effector cells. IL-31 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by CD4 + T helper cells. The aim of this review was to evaluate the role of this Th2 cytokine and its receptor IL-31RA, in the onset of neoplastic pruritus. We analysed scientific literature looking for the most relevant original articles linking IL-31to itch in oncologic diseases. Interleukin-31 seems to be a main itch mediator in several hematologic disease such as Cutaneous T cells lymphomas. In these patients IL-31 was positively linked to itch level, and IL-31 matched with disease stage. IL-31 seems to play an important role in the signalling pathway involved in pruritus, but it is also suggested to play a proinflammatory and immunomodulatory role which could play a part in the progression of the neoplastic disease. Further studies will be fundamental in facing pruritus in oncologic patients, since this problem compromise their quality of life worsening an already critic picture.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00148-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39085338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small airway dysfunction and poor asthma control: a dangerous liaison.","authors":"Marcello Cottini,&nbsp;Anita Licini,&nbsp;Carlo Lombardi,&nbsp;Diego Bagnasco,&nbsp;Pasquale Comberiati,&nbsp;Alvise Berti","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00147-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00147-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is a common chronic condition, affecting approximately 339 million people worldwide. The main goal of the current asthma treatment guidelines is to achieve clinical control, encompassing both the patient symptoms and limitations and the future risk of adverse asthma outcomes. Despite randomized controlled trials showing that asthma control is an achievable target, a substantial proportion of asthmatics remain poorly controlled in real life. The involvement of peripheral small airways has recently gained greater recognition in asthma, and many studies suggest that the persistent inflammation at these sites leads to small airway dysfunction (SAD), strongly contributing to a worse asthma control. Overall, the impulse oscillometry (IOS), introduced in the recent years, seems to be able to sensitively assess small airways, while conventional spirometry does not. Therefore, IOS may be of great help in characterizing SAD and guiding therapy choice. The aim of this article is to review the literature on SAD and its influence on asthma control, emphasizing the most recent evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00147-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39032060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining type 2 asthma and patients eligible for dupilumab in Italy: a biomarker-based analysis.","authors":"Giorgio Walter Canonica,&nbsp;Francesco Blasi,&nbsp;Nunzio Crimi,&nbsp;Pierluigi Paggiaro,&nbsp;Alberto Papi,&nbsp;Francesca Fanelli,&nbsp;Annalisa Stassaldi,&nbsp;Gianluca Furneri","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00146-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00146-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and mucus production. In Type 2 asthma, two phenotypic components are often co-expressed (eosinophilic and allergic). Elevated biomarker levels, such as eosinophils (EOS), fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and immunoglobulin E (IgE), are key clinical indicators of Type 2 inflammation. Dupilumab has been recently approved for the treatment of uncontrolled severe Type 2 asthma. Type 2 asthma includes allergic and/or eosinophilic phenotypes. The aim of this analysis was to estimate the dupilumab-eligible population in Italy and characterize it by expected biomarker status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 4-step approach was carried out to calculate dupilumab-eligible population. The approach consisted in: (1) estimating the total number of asthma patients in Italy (using 2016-2017 Italian-adapted Global Initiative for Asthma -GINA- guidelines); (2) estimating the number of severe asthma patients with poorly controlled or uncontrolled disease (using the findings of two recent administrative claim analyses conducted in Italy); (3) stratifying the severe uncontrolled population by biomarker levels (EOS, FeNO and IgE) according to the outcomes of the QUEST trial (a clinical study assessing the efficacy of dupilumab in patients with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma; NCT02414854); (4) identifying the sub-populations of severe uncontrolled asthma patients characterised by raised blood EOS and/or FeNO level (thus indicated to receive dupilumab).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to these estimates, about 3.3 million asthmatic patients live in Italy (6.10% of the population). Of them, almost 20 thousand (N = 19,960) have uncontrolled severe asthma. Dupilumab-eligible patients would be N = 15,988, corresponding to 80.1% of the total uncontrolled severe population. Most of these patients (89.3%; N = 14,271) have at least an increase of EOS level, while slightly more than half (51.9%; N = 8,303) have raised levels of both biomarkers. Increased FeNO levels without increased EOS are observed less frequently (N = 1,717; 10.7% of the eligible population).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a strong rationale for testing all asthma biomarkers during diagnosis and disease follow-up. Given the large availability and the limited costs, these tests are cost-effective tools to detect severe Type 2 asthma, stratify patients by phenotype, and drive appropriate treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00146-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39006564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"H2-antagonist in IgE-mediated type I hypersensitivity reactions: what literature says so far?","authors":"Matteo Borro,&nbsp;Simone Negrini,&nbsp;Andrew Long,&nbsp;Sharon Chinthrajah,&nbsp;Giuseppe Murdaca","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00143-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00143-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histamine is a monoamine synthesized from the amino acid histidine that is well-known for its role in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis but has shown pleiotropic effects on the immune system, especially in order to promote inflammatory responses. H₁-receptor antagonist are common drugs used in mild/moderate allergic reactions whereas H₂-receptor antagonist are commonly administered in gastric ulcer but showed some properties in allergy too. The EAACI guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of anaphylactic reactions recommend their use as third-line therapy in adjunct to H₁-antagonists. The purpose of this article is to produce a complete summary of findings and evidence known so far about the usefulness of H₂-receptor antagonist in allergic reactons.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00143-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25588662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency in Belarus: epidemiology, access to diagnosis and seven novel mutations in SERPING1 gene.","authors":"Irina Guryanova,&nbsp;Chiara Suffritti,&nbsp;Debora Parolin,&nbsp;Andrea Zanichelli,&nbsp;Nastassia Ishchanka,&nbsp;Ekaterina Polyakova,&nbsp;Mikhail Belevtsev,&nbsp;Francesca Perego,&nbsp;Marco Cicardi,&nbsp;Yulia Zharankova,&nbsp;Natalya Konoplya,&nbsp;Sonia Caccia,&nbsp;Antonio Gidaro","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00141-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00141-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) is a rare disease. Few states in developing countries have an adequate management of HAE, but none of them belongs to the former USSR area. This study analyses data from C1-INH-HAE patients from Belarus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data about clinical characteristics, genetics, access to diagnosis and treatment were collected from 2010 by the Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology in Minsk. A questionnaire about attacks, prophylactic (LTP) and on-demand therapy (ODT) was administered to patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 64 C1-INH-HAE patients belonging to 26 families, 27 (42.2%) of which were diagnosed in the last 3 years. The estimated minimal prevalence was 1:148,000. Median age at diagnosis was 29 years, with diagnostic delay of 19 years. Thirty-eight patients answered a questionnaire about therapy. Eleven patients did not use any treatment to resolve HAE attacks. Twenty-seven patients underwent ODT: 9 with appropriate treatments, and 18 with inappropriate treatments. Nine patients used LTP with attenuated androgens and 1 with tranexamic acid. Thirty-two patients answered a questionnaire about attacks and triggers: 368 angioedema attacks were reported, with an average of 10 attacks per year. We found 24 different SERPING1 variants: 9 missenses, 6 in splice sites, 6 small deletions, 2 nonsense, 1 large deletion; 7 have not been previously described. De novo variants were found in 11 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>C1-INH-HAE diagnosis and management in Belarus is improved as seen from the high number of new diagnosis in the last 3 years. Next steps will be to reduce the diagnostic delay and to promote the LTP and ODT.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00141-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25584572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tropomyosin in mugwort cross-reacts to house dust mite, eliciting non-Th2 response in allergic rhinitis patients sensitized to house dust mite.","authors":"Su Duan,&nbsp;Limin Zhao,&nbsp;Yuling Zhang,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Ming Zheng,&nbsp;Qiqi Wang,&nbsp;Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wang,&nbsp;Sun Ying,&nbsp;Claus Bachert,&nbsp;Luo Zhang,&nbsp;Feng Lan","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00142-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00142-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mugwort and house dust mite (HDM) are two of the most common inhalant allergens in Asia, however, whether mugwort affects polysensitized HDM⁺ allergic rhinitis (AR) patients has not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 15,884 AR outpatients were assessed for clinical status. Amino acid sequences of mugwort were determined by mass spectrometry. Afterward, cross-reactivity between mugwort tropomyosin and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 10 (Der p10) was analysed by ELISA inhibition and basophil activation experiments. To compare immunologic responses eliciting by two different tropomyosins, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HDM-monosensitized patients were stimulated by mugwort, HDM, Der p10 and synthetic peptides representing mugwort tropomyosin respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polysensitized HDM⁺AR patients were mainly sensitized to cat and mugwort, and the positive rate of monosensitized HDM⁺AR out-clinic patients was increased during the mugwort pollen season. Tropomyosin protein was able to find in mugwort. Synthetic tropomyosin peptide of mugwort activated basophils which were primed by HDM-specific IgE; ELISA inhibition experiment showed synthetic tropomyosin peptide of mugwort inhibited IgE binding to HDM tropomyosin, Der p10. Unlike HDM and Derp 10, mugwort and mugwort tropomyosin mainly induced IFN-γ and IL-17 release in PBMCs of monosensitized HDM⁺AR patients, but not IL-5.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pan-allergen tropomyosin accounts for the cross-reactivity between mugwort and HDM, which reminds HDM⁺ patients to reduce mugwort exposure in mugwort pollen season in virtue of the tropomyosin induced mild inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00142-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25565351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of vitamin C on procalcitonin biomarker in community-acquired pneumonia.","authors":"Mahsa Nikzad,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Banafshe,&nbsp;Mansooreh Momen-Heravi,&nbsp;Hamed Haddad Kashani,&nbsp;Maryam Shiehmorteza","doi":"10.1186/s12948-021-00140-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-021-00140-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a prevalent low respiratory infection. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, radiologic evidence and culture. Biomarkers such as IL6, CRP and procalcitonin are helpful in diagnosis. Procalcitonin is a soluble biomarker in serum that increase in systemic inflammation and bacterial infections. People with normal procalcitonin have low risk to infect pneumonia. Patient with CAP have more oxidative stress than normal people. Studies show that receiving vitamin C can reduce incidence of pneumonia. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of vitamin C supplement on procalcitonin biomarker in patient with CAP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with CAP who passed inclusion and exclusion criteria after obtaining informed consent, were assigned randomly in two groups of drug and placebo. The drug group received vitamin C (1000 mg/d) daily and medications that physician prescribed for treating CAP for 10 days and placebo group received placebo and medications that physician prescribed. The serum level of procalcitonin was measured at the beginning of the study and after 10 days of intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>35 patients finished the study. Serum level of procalcitonin on the first and tenth day did not show any significant difference between drug and placebo groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To clarify the relationship between the effects of vitamin C on procalcitonin in CAP, a larger sample size is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-021-00140-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25434211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexamethasone and lidocaine suppress eosinophilopoiesis from umbilical cord blood cells.","authors":"Masato Muraki,&nbsp;Hirohito Kita,&nbsp;Gerald J Gleich","doi":"10.1186/s12948-020-00138-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-020-00138-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eosinophils play an important role in allergic inflammation. Glucocorticosteroids have been used as an anti-inflammatory medication for inflammatory diseases involving eosinophil infiltration. Some effect of nebulized lidocaine has been reported when treating certain patients with asthma, which is also an inflammatory disease. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of dexamethasone and lidocaine on eosinophil proliferation and differentiation using a model of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCMC) cultured with IL-5.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>UCMC were cultured with IL-5 (5 ng/mL) for 4 weeks. The effects of dexamethasone and lidocaine on the number and morphology of eosinophilic cells were visualized with Wright-Giemsa and cyanide-resistant peroxidase stains. Moreover, the effect on eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) contents in cultured cells were evaluated using radioimmunoassay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of eosinophilic cells and EDN and EPX content in cultured cells increased in a time-dependent manner in the presence of IL-5. Dexamethasone treatment slightly decreased the number of eosinophilic cells in one week, but this effect was lost in 2-4 weeks. Macrophages in cultured UCMC treated with dexamethasone contained more eosinophil granule proteins. Both EDN and EPX content in cultured cells were reduced by dexamethasone. Lidocaine decreased the number of eosinophilic cells and reduced both EDN and EPX contents in cultured cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dexamethasone suppressed the production of eosinophil granule proteins and may also induce apoptosis of eosinophils, while lidocaine suppresses eosinophilopoiesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":38753,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Molecular Allergy","volume":"18 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12948-020-00138-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38350628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}