{"title":"Zastosowania dronów w badaniach rzeźby terenu, struktury i tekstury osadów na przykładach z Polski Środkowej","authors":"M. Kossowski","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.21.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.21.03","url":null,"abstract":"Drony (bezzałogowe statki powietrzne – BSP) wraz z rozwojem technologii są coraz częściej wykorzystywane do rozwiązywania problemów naukowych. Dotyczy to w szczególności nauk o Ziemi i środowisku, w tym geomorfologii, geologii strukturalnej i sedymentologii. Obok kwestii sprzętowo-technicznych, równoległy rozwój programów fotogrametrycznych oraz systemów służących do zwiększania precyzji pomiarów przebiegu lotu dronów, przyczyniają się do możliwości tworzenia zarówno map terenu, jak i modeli 3D o coraz większej dokładności. W niniejszej pracy opisano możliwości wykorzystania dronów wyposażonych w niemetryczną kamerę RGB lub sensor termalny do badania przemian morfologicznych terenu na podstawie analizy zdjęć, ortofotomap i modeli 3D. Badania testowe przeprowadzono w dolinach Warty i Pilicy w rejonie sztucznych zbiorników oraz na wysoczyznach morenowych i płaskowyżach – głównie w kopalniach odkrywkowych. Wynika z nich, że odpowiednie zaplanowanie lotu i konfiguracja pracy kamery statku powietrznego gwarantują uzyskanie właściwych danych niezbędnych do późniejszej obróbki w oprogramowaniu, np. GIS. Do najważniejszych parametrów zaliczono: określenie obszaru planowanego nalotu, wysokość lotu nad poziomem gruntu, prędkość statku powietrznego, prędkość powtarzalności kamery oraz dokładność generowanego materiału.","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"26 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120859664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kalicki, Paweł Przepióra, M. Jabłoński, M. Frączek, Łukasz Podrzycki
{"title":"Zróżnicowanie litologiczne i wiek kemów koło Suchedniowa (Wyżyna Kielecka)","authors":"T. Kalicki, Paweł Przepióra, M. Jabłoński, M. Frączek, Łukasz Podrzycki","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.21.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.21.02","url":null,"abstract":"Wzgórza i terasy kemowe położone na Płaskowyżu Suchedniowskim (północna część Wyżyny Kieleckiej) były przedmiotem badań w latach 70. XX wieku. W 2019 r. rozpoczęto nowymi metodami dalsze badania w celu określenia wieku i genezy osadów budujących te formy. Kemy powstały podczas zlodowaceń środkowopolskich (MIS 6), ok. 175–137 tys. lat temu. Urozmaicona hipsometria, ze wzgórzami i obniżeniami, spowodowała rozdzielenie wkraczającego lądolodu na dwa loby. W trakcie deglacjacji w części międzylobowej występowała duża zmienność warunków sedymentacji (5 poziomów akumulacji w profilach KR II i 4 w KR I). Spowodowało to wyższe położenie (KR II) kemów wodnolodowcowych z przewagą osadów piaskowo-żwirowych nieprzykrytych moreną. Uformowane niżej (KR I) kemy złożone, zbudowane z poziomów akumulacyjnych o naprzemiennie występujących drobniejszych osadach (kemy limnoglacjalne) i grubszych – piaskowo-żwirowych (kemy wodnolodowcowe) zostały przykryte moreną ablacyjną z głazami narzutowymi. Formy te powstały podczas deglacjacji arealnej i topnienia bloków martwego lodu. Tempo tego procesu było zmienne i trwało od kilkudziesięciu do kilku tysięcy lat, co mimo pojawiających się inwersji, potwierdzają uzyskane daty TL. Plejstoceńska terasa fluwialna (PK 1) oraz holoceńskie aluwia w dnie doliny Kamionki zostały wcięte w osady kemów i teras kemowych.","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133214050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remote sensing applicability in geomorphological investigations of beaches","authors":"Marin Mićunović, S. Faivre","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"Beaches are coastal forms consisting of unconsolidated material of varying sizes. Since they are formed on the seashore, processes from both the land and the sea, combined with anthropogenic influences, affect their morphological changes. Beaches have an important socio-economic significance for tourism, so it is necessary to take care of their stability. Beach monitoring has proven to be one of the most appropriate methods for studying their morphological changes. It is usually carried out with the help of remote sensing techniques, which are increasingly used nowadays and may provide a huge database of relatively high-quality images. If the UAV images are connected with a GNSS data, sub-centimetre precision can be obtained. This paper revealed the accuracy of remote sensing methods and their application in the study of beach evolution on the island of Hvar in Croatia. Measurements were carried out at 20 sites over a 10-year period (2011–2021) using Google Earth Pro, the Croatian State Geodetic Administration geoportal and fieldwork (UAV and GNSS receiver). Since the models generated by photogrammetric techniques from the UAV are the most precise, they were used as reference values, so the measurements from different remote sensing data sources were compared with them. By comparing the measurements from all data sources, a strong correlation was calculated (r2 = 0.98). It was found that the average RMSE for beach area was 7.2% and length was 2.5%, a relatively accurate measurement that can be used for beach surveys when the calculated error is taken into account (Mićunović et al., 2021). A C T A U N I V E R S I T A T I S L O D Z I E N S I S Folia Geographica Physica, Numer specjalny/Special Issue 2022: 31–32 https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.S.2022.10","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133738767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Tołoczko-Pasek, R. Braucher, Aster Team*, Michal Makos
{"title":"Determination of the age of carbonate rocks by the cosmogenic chlorine-36 in the valleys of Miętusia and Mała Łąka","authors":"Anna Tołoczko-Pasek, R. Braucher, Aster Team*, Michal Makos","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.09","url":null,"abstract":"The Mietusia and Mała Łąka valleys were glaciated at the turn of the Holocene and Pleistocene, with the maximum extent during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This was one of the assumptions of the project, which we wanted to prove by dating glacial forms. Both valleys are situated in the Western Tatras. This part of the Tatra Mountains is much less studied in terms of the age of glacial and postglacial forms compared to the forms from the High Tatras. We used the cosmogenic 36Cl because of the geological structure of the study area, which consists is mainly of Triassic dolomites and limestones with very limited meade of gneiss and other metamorphic rocks at the highest picks (Krzesanica 2122 m a.s.l., Małołączniak 2096 m a.s.l., Ciemniak 2096 m a.s.l.). The Tatra Mountains are northernmost alpine orogen which was glaciated are a kind of palaeoclimatic link the of southern Europe Central Eastern the palaeoclimate for these glaciers seems a necessity. The Tatra Mountains junction continental oceanic temperature amplitudes and the highest precipitation in the summer months. The high amount of","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126819137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Landforms of the Lubāns ice lobe in the Atzele elevated plain","authors":"Inese Grīnbauma, K. Lamsters","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.05","url":null,"abstract":"The glacial geomorphology of the study area provides an excellent opportunity to study subglacial processes and ice streaming/surging.","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122638329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Possibilities for the use of drone data in geomorphological analysis of river deltas, based on the delta of Jeziorsko Reservoir","authors":"Maciej Kossowski","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"The annual lowering of the water level in Jeziorsko Lake in autumn and spring provides an opportunity to observe interesting changes related to bottom morphology and riverbed evolution, especially in the unstabilized northern part of the delta. This is the period when about 50% of the bottom is exposed. During this period, it is possible to observe and analyse changes shaped by water currents. The aim of this study is to prove the usefulness of carrying out photogrammetric flights using drones to analyse the evolution of deltas of water reservoirs. The muddy and boggy wetland of the exposed bottom of Jeziorsko Lake poses a problem for ground surveys, so unmanned aerial vehicles were used to conduct the research. The surveys produced four orthophotos at intervals ranging from a few days to several months in succession, thus depicting the exposed section of the unstabilized delta. Initial observations of the photogrammetric imaging revealed variability of morphological forms of the bottom of Jeziorsko Lake, which is visible in overlapping parts of the imaging. In particular, a dynamic evolution of riverbeds draws attention. Changes in their positions reached up to about 1.5 m in two days. Other observations include changes in water level, increased overgrowing of exposed fragments of the bottom by vegetation in the period from the end of April. The study also revealed increased anthropogenic activity, which may lead to degradation of the frequented area, especially where lowering of the water level revealed","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115121752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seeking indicators of tills weathering: how can we exploit geophysical and geochemical methods?","authors":"Olga Reutt, Damian Moskalewicz, P. Woźniak","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"(1) major and trace elements content analysis using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry) and XRF Fluorescence), (2) geophysical logging of till profiles with handheld gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) yields the concentrations of K, Th, U and total gamma-ray signal (GR), (3) correlation of weathering indices obtained by geochemical analyses with geophysical logging results.","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"173 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114097365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Insights from the palaeo-geomorphic features of the Central Ganga Plain, India: past to present","authors":"S. Shukla, P. Pani","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.08","url":null,"abstract":"The Ganga Plain is one of the largest alluvial tracts of the world consisting of rivers of different types and sizes. The domination of the fluvial process has evolved the different kinds of fluvial landforms on this plain. The palaeo-fluvial features have a significant presence in the region but are less explored/mapped. Palaeo-fluvial features are remanent of the past that are disconnected from the process that forms them. The palaeo-fluvial landforms on distant interfluve surfaces of the Central Ganga Plain are disconnected from the present rivers. The major palaeo-fluvial landforms observed in this region are palaeo-channel and associated oxbow lakes, meander scars etc . The evolution of such features is still not understood properly. These palaeo-fluvial features are a possible result of changing past climatic and geologic conditions in the region. The landscape memory of such features could be very important to understand the climatic and tectonic changes of the past. Apart from that, they do control several physical-cultural aspects of the region. The large-scale mapping of such features is very important to locate the old path of flow, the direction of channel changes, events of river capturing, and the evolution of contemporary rivers. The study of such features is required to understand the past evolution of the Ganga plain and to understand the impact of such features on the present physio-cultural setting.","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128595927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relict sand wedge sites in Hungary – a sedimentological case study","authors":"Beáta Farkas","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.s.2022.07","url":null,"abstract":"of infillings out using by using the roundness of the determined and grain surface microtextures were analysed. These results help us to reduce the arising uncertainties in the reconstruction of the Pannonian Basin during Late","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132284149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Warunki tlenowe wód powierzchniowych w odcinku źródliskowym Dzierżąznej (Maliny)","authors":"Rafał Grulke, M. Ziułkiewicz","doi":"10.18778/1427-9711.21.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1427-9711.21.01","url":null,"abstract":"Zlewnia Dzierżąznej położona jest w zachodniej części strefy krawędziowej Wzniesień Łódzkich. W pracy skupiono się na jej źródliskowej części położonej na terenie miasta Zgierz, od jej źródeł położonych na Rudunkach po zamykający zlewnię cząstkową zbiornik Malinka. Badania dotyczyły trzech podstawowych parametrów: temperatury wody [oC], nasycenia wody tlenem [%] oraz stężenia tlenu rozpuszczonego w wodzie [mg/dm3]. Na terenie badań wyznaczono 15 punktów pomiarowych w różnych rodzajach obiektów hydrograficznych (wypływy wód podziemnych, wody płynące i wody stojące). Pomiary zrealizowano w dwóch sezonach: zimowym i wczesnowiosennym w okresie 5.12.2018 – 7.04.2019 r. Wyniki badań ukazują znaczące zróżnicowanie warunków tlenowych w poszczególnych typach obiektów: w źródłach, kontinuum rzecznym i zbiornikach retencyjnych różnej wielkości. Warunki termiczne oraz charakter ruchu wody w badanych obiektach wskazują, że w porze zimowej zasadniczym procesem dostawy tlenu do wód jest dyfuzja gazu z atmosfery. Wiosną, gdy rośnie temperatura wody, co utrudnia efektywną rozpuszczalność tlenu atmosferycznego, na znaczeniu zyskuje fotosynteza roślinności wodnej ze wskazaniem na fitoplankton zawieszony i denny. Badane wody płynące i zretencjonowane reprezentują zasadniczo dobrą jakość, choć problemem dla zwierząt wodnych mogą być wiosenne stany wysokiego przesycenia toni wodnej tlenem.","PeriodicalId":386947,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132409450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}