Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law最新文献

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20 Years for Clearing Your Browser History 清除浏览器历史记录需要20年
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2017-08-10 DOI: 10.15779/Z38BZ61750
Juliana Devries
{"title":"20 Years for Clearing Your Browser History","authors":"Juliana Devries","doi":"10.15779/Z38BZ61750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38BZ61750","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s world, average people create and delete massive amounts of digital data every single day. And most of the time people can do so without expecting the Department of Justice to come knocking. But deleting digital data — including clearing browser history — can also result in federal felony obstruction of justice charges under 18 U.S.C. § 1519, the federal anti- shredding statute, which carries a 20-year maximum penalty. It is thus vital that citizens understand what is and is not illegal under § 1519.Unfortunately, understanding what the statute prohibits is an almost impossible task. Indeed, this Article will argue that § 1519 has a vagueness problem. That is, the statute arguably fails “to provide a person of ordinary intelligence fair notice of what is prohibited” and “is so standardless that it authorizes or encourages seriously discriminatory enforcement.” This Article brings attention to § 1519’s vagueness problem and to suggest solutions. Specifically, it recommends that the courts either impose a “nexus requirement” on § 1519 or limit enforcement to the corporate crime context.","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124009824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When Numbers Lie: the Underreporting of Police Justifiable Homicides 当数字说谎:警察正当杀人的漏报
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.15779/Z389C6S066
Tiffany R. Murphy
{"title":"When Numbers Lie: the Underreporting of Police Justifiable Homicides","authors":"Tiffany R. Murphy","doi":"10.15779/Z389C6S066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z389C6S066","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15779/Z389C6S066 Copyright © 2016 Regents of University of California * Assistant Professor of Law, University of Arkansas School of Law, Fayetteville; J.D., University of Michigan Law School; B.A., University of Michigan. The author would like to thank Professors Brian Gallini, Laurent Sacharoff, and Annie Smith; Craig Cooley, Kathy Hall, and D. Brian Burghart for their insight; and Jon Shirron who provided excellent research assistance. When Numbers Lie: the Underreporting of Police Justifiable Homicides","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131994910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Flagrant Police Abuse: Why Black Lives (Also) Matter to the Fourth Amendment 警察公然虐待:为什么黑人的生命对第四修正案也很重要
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.15779/Z38D21RH93
J. A. Moreno
{"title":"Flagrant Police Abuse: Why Black Lives (Also) Matter to the Fourth Amendment","authors":"J. A. Moreno","doi":"10.15779/Z38D21RH93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38D21RH93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127674650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Long May You Run: Drug Courts in the Twenty-First Century 《祝你好运:二十一世纪的毒品法庭
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.15779/Z38R785N63
M. Duggal
{"title":"Long May You Run: Drug Courts in the Twenty-First Century","authors":"M. Duggal","doi":"10.15779/Z38R785N63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38R785N63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"318 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130135053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Insight” Into Life Crimes: The Rhetoric of Remorse and Rehabilitation in California Parole Precedent and Practice 对终身罪的 "洞察":加州假释先例与实践中的悔罪与改造修辞
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.15779/Z38RF5KF32
Lilliana Paratore
{"title":"“Insight” Into Life Crimes: The Rhetoric of Remorse and Rehabilitation in California Parole Precedent and Practice","authors":"Lilliana Paratore","doi":"10.15779/Z38RF5KF32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38RF5KF32","url":null,"abstract":"Between 2002 and 2011, the California Supreme Court decided a series of cases that profoundly altered the ability of people convicted of indeterminate life sentences to be found suitable for parole. An inmate’s vocalization of “insight” – in this Note taken to mean remorse, guilt, and/or shame – has become the lynchpin to freedom. This Note explores the California Supreme Court’s judicial evolution on determining parole suitability, how the Court’s assessment of “insight” can be understood through the framework of the field of law and emotion, the empirical basis for granting parole based on a positive finding of “insight,” and how discretionary bodies such as the California Board of Parole Hearings make assessments of “insight.” Ultimately, this Notes endeavors to discern whether the rhetoric of remorse and rehabilitation that “insight” attempts to encapsulate provides inmates with a full or a false promise for release.","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128069904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The First Thing We Do, Let’s Heal All the Law Students: Incorporating Self-Care into a Criminal Defense Clinic 我们做的第一件事,让我们治愈所有的法律学生:将自我照顾纳入刑事辩护诊所
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.15779/Z38KD1QJ9N
Ronald Tyler
{"title":"The First Thing We Do, Let’s Heal All the Law Students: Incorporating Self-Care into a Criminal Defense Clinic","authors":"Ronald Tyler","doi":"10.15779/Z38KD1QJ9N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38KD1QJ9N","url":null,"abstract":"Law students in direct services clinics represent clients in crisis and therefore experience stress and vicarious trauma similar to some practicing attorneys. Yet legal education and scholarship rarely recognize those harms or offer strategies to increase student resiliency in clinics and in the practice years that follow. Seeking to fill those critical gaps, this Article describes an innovative self-care curriculum in the Stanford Criminal Defense Clinic that encourages mindful selfreflection, teaches coping skills, and increases resilience. Inspired by mindfulness-based stress reduction programs from medical education, the self-care curriculum alerts students to sources of stress in their attorney/client relationships and provides strategies to address those stressors. The curriculum is closely aligned with theories from the humanizing legal education movement. Each self-care session includes: the introduction of resiliency tools, mindful reflection on and sharing of personal successes, and the creation of supportive group norms. Qualitative student feedback demonstrates that the self-care workshops significantly enhance wellbeing. Many students value the workshops as a space to mindfully analyze both positive and troubling","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121676787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
It's High Time to Dump the High Crime Area Factor 是时候抛弃高犯罪率地区的因素了
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-12-31 DOI: 10.15779/Z388C9R37M
R. Shirazi
{"title":"It's High Time to Dump the High Crime Area Factor","authors":"R. Shirazi","doi":"10.15779/Z388C9R37M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z388C9R37M","url":null,"abstract":"A high-crime area, when used as a factor in reasonable suspicion analysis to help justify a police officer’s stop and frisk of an African American, is overtly racist. This Note will first analyze the empirical data showing that high-crime areas are predominately high-black areas— including a historical analysis for how this came about. Next, the Note will explain the origin and jurisprudence of the high-crime area factor, highlighting its curtailment by lower courts. It will then validate that the only viable solution is to dump the high-crime area factor. Finally, this Note explains how the high-crime area factor potentially violates the Equal Protection Clause.","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129541715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Assaultive Femicide and the American Felony-Murder Rule 攻击性杀害女性和美国重罪谋杀规则
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-11-30 DOI: 10.15779/Z380G40
Hava Dayan
{"title":"Assaultive Femicide and the American Felony-Murder Rule","authors":"Hava Dayan","doi":"10.15779/Z380G40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z380G40","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the American legal criminal doctrine that is commonly applied in cases of a particular sub-type of femicide: assaultive femicide, women who are battered to death. The most relevant criminal doctrine applicable to these circumstances is the felony-murder rule, applied in most U.S. jurisdictions. As will be shown, the doctrine’s most problematic modification relates to one of its sub-doctrines, the principle of merger, which was stretched and extended to include lesser non-homicidal offenses such as assault. This gross doctrinal extension has in fact created a criminal anomaly whereby blameworthy murderers of women are exonerated and technically exempted from murder convictions. Given that most U.S. jurisdictions apply the felony-murder doctrine in some form, the article will analyze and scrutinize the felonymurder doctrine with regard to its particular applicability to circumstances of assaultive femicide. In addition, the article will propose statutory amendments to Sections 210.2(b) and 210.6 of the U.S. Model Penal Code. The proposed statutory amendments to the U.S. Model Penal Code are applicable, mutatis mutandis, to most American jurisdictions and may constitute a prototype for future legislative state reforms.","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"391 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122846682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Armed Not Militarized: Achieving Real Police Militarization 武装而非军事化:实现真正的警察军事化
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-03-07 DOI: 10.15779/Z388P0C
Gilbert Rivera
{"title":"Armed Not Militarized: Achieving Real Police Militarization","authors":"Gilbert Rivera","doi":"10.15779/Z388P0C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z388P0C","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126412741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Why Should an Innocent Citizen Shoulder the Burden of an Officer's Mistake of Law? Heien v. North Carolina Tells Police to Detain First and Learn the Law Later 为什么一个无辜的公民要承担官员的法律错误?Heien诉北卡罗莱纳告诉警察先拘留后学习法律
Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law Pub Date : 2016-03-07 DOI: 10.15779/Z387P1F
G. Dery, Jacklyn R. Vasquez
{"title":"Why Should an Innocent Citizen Shoulder the Burden of an Officer's Mistake of Law? Heien v. North Carolina Tells Police to Detain First and Learn the Law Later","authors":"G. Dery, Jacklyn R. Vasquez","doi":"10.15779/Z387P1F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z387P1F","url":null,"abstract":"This Article analyzes Heien v. North Carolina, in which the Supreme Court considered whether an officer’s stop of a motorist could be considered a “reasonable” seizure under the Fourth Amendment even though it was based on a police officer’s mistake of law regarding the state’s traffic code. The Heien Court ruled that an officer’s mistake of law could be objectively reasonable and therefore contribute to the reasonable suspicion needed to support a traffic stop. This work examines the concerns created by Heien’s ruling. This Article asserts that, in allowing an officer to seize a person on the basis of that officer’s mistaken belief that the individual violated the law, Heien could encourage stops and arrests based on unclear laws that could cause Fourteenth and Fourth Amendment problems. Further, Heien’s conclusion that an officer’s mistake of law can be reasonable is inconsistent with the Court’s Fourth Amendment balancing analysis for assessing reasonableness. Heien’s allowance of police mistakes of law could impair police professionalism and undermine public confidence in law enforcement. Finally, Heien’s acceptance of officers’ mistakes of law could cause serious negative consequences for motorists beyond the","PeriodicalId":386851,"journal":{"name":"Berkeley Journal of Criminal Law","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116172578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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