International journal of yoga therapy最新文献

{"title":"Yoga and the Healing of Interpersonal Trauma: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Isabelle Ong Gaffney,&nbsp;Ashley W Gulden,&nbsp;Len Jennings,&nbsp;Mackenna L Page","doi":"10.17761/2023-D-22-00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2023-D-22-00048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although emerging research indicates that yoga facilitates healing from interpersonal trauma, consensus is lacking as to yoga's main facilitative factors. To address this limitation, we employed qualitative meta-analysis to analyze data from six qualitative studies (n = 105) that examined the healing agents of yoga that facilitated recovery from interpersonal trauma. The analysis process included coding data from each study and analyzing codes across all of the studies to derive meta-categories. Three researchers engaged in dual-level analyses (i.e., both inductive and deductive) to support consistency, address any inconsistencies, and develop a consensus. We identified and categorized six meta-categories based on the original 45 themes from the six studies and found differing levels of convergence across the studies. Meta-categories with high levels of convergence included (1) stabilization: coping strategies to reduce trauma-related symptoms; (2) authenticity, inner attunement, and self-acceptance; (3) equanimity: calming the mind and mindfulness; and (4) community: reduced isolation through safe connection with others. Our findings offer a more integrated, comprehensive, and consolidated understanding of the specific ways yoga can facilitate recovery from interpersonal trauma and demonstrate how qualitative meta-analysis methodology can tie together the richness of similar, stand-alone qualitative studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"33 2023","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mindful Helping and Self-Care Model: Mindful Self-Care and Quality of Life Among a Racially Balanced Sample of Helping Professionals.","authors":"Jason T Hotchkiss,&nbsp;Catherine Cook-Cottone","doi":"10.17761/2023-D-22-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2023-D-22-00001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the Mindful Helping and Self-Care model and validated the Mindful Self-Care Scale (MSCS) among three racially balanced samples of helping professionals (n = 1,534). The study employed a cross-sectional, self-report design. The racial representation of participants was American Indian (n = 68), Asian (n = 351), African American (n = 384), Latino (n = 325), White (n = 301), and other (n = 114). The MSCS (33 items) showed good internal structure and measurement invariance to support generalizability across the three groups studied. With parsimony for application development, the Brief-MSCS (24 items) had a stronger internal structure across the three groups. Mindful self-care and secondary traumatic stress mediated the relationship between burnout and compassion satisfaction, as the total effects were greater than the direct effects. Mindful self-care practices were associated with reduced burnout risk. Mediation analysis results supported the Mindful Helping and Self-Care model. The empirical foundation for the 33-item MSCS and 24-item Brief-MSCS is further supported in this study. Both are excellent instruments for measuring mindful self-care factors in helping professionals using a behavioral frequency approach in a weekly time context. The Brief-MSCS is a more concise measure, making it particularly useful for application development. The reliability, construct, and concurrent validity of the MSCS and Brief-MSCS were confirmed. Mind-body practice is self-care; expressions vary by racial group and are associated with overall wellness. Future research should focus on professionals and cultures outside North America.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"33 2023","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9795381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yoga and Mindfulness Intervention for Concussion Recovery.","authors":"Elizabeth Devore,&nbsp;Andrea Morgenlander,&nbsp;Carol Krucoff,&nbsp;Joel Morgenlander","doi":"10.17761/2023-D-21-00074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2023-D-21-00074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concussion imposes a substantial global health burden, and few evidence-based treatments that approach concussion treatment holistically are available. Moreover, early intervention is important before concussion symptoms become chronic and more refractory to treatment. In this pilot study, we evaluated the tolerability of a protocol called Mindfulness and Yoga for Treatment After Concussion (MYTAC), which was specifically designed for individuals with concussion. We also explored the possible benefit of the MYTAC protocol for concussion recovery. Participants were 15-60 years old with recent concussion and had presented to selected practices within a university health system. Participants used the video-based MYTAC protocol for 5 consecutive days and reported concussion symptoms on an abbreviated version of the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool version 3 (SCAT3). We compared the abbreviated SCAT3 scores across the intervention period, including immediately before and after each yoga session, using standard statistical methods for paired data. Of 25 participants enrolled in the study, 15 completed the MYTAC protocol and 1 completed 2 days of the protocol before withdrawing due to worsening symptoms; the remaining 9 participants did not complete the protocol. On average, total abbreviated SCAT3 scores decreased by 9.9 ± 7.6 points, or approximately 50%, over the intervention period (from an initial value of 18.8 ± 6.7 points prior to the yoga protocol). Although this pilot study had significant methodological limitations, we concluded that the MYTAC protocol had fair tolerability and possibly a beneficial effect on concussion recovery. However, future interventions should evaluate this protocol in larger, more rigorously designed studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"33 2023","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Yoga Nidra on Depression, Anxiety, and Insomnia in Frontline COVID-19 Healthcare Workers: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mallikarjun Gunjiganvi,&nbsp;Siddharth Rai,&nbsp;Rupali Awale,&nbsp;Prabhaker Mishra,&nbsp;Devendra Gupta,&nbsp;Mohan Gurjar","doi":"10.17761/2023-D-22-00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2023-D-22-00011","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge of mental health disturbances and the subsequent use of various mind-body therapies. Although evidence supports the benefits of yoga for mental health in a variety of disease states, information on its effects among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 epidemic is scarce. Therefore, this study evaluated and compared the efficacy of relaxation to music and yoga nidra on the mental health of frontline healthcare workers during the pandemic. This open-label randomized trial was conducted at a Level III COVID-19 care center. In the Relaxation-to-Music Group, participants received deep relaxation music, whereas those in the Yoga Nidra Group performed yoga nidra practices; both interventions were delivered through a YouTube platform and were to be done daily for 30 minutes during the healthcare workers' 2-week duty periods. The primary outcomes were measured using scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 scale, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at the end of the duty period. A total of 79 healthcare workers were randomly divided into two groups: (1) Relaxation-to-Music (n = 40) and (2) Yoga Nidra (n = 39). Demographics; clinical characteristics; and PHQ-9, GAD-7, and ISI scores of the two groups were comparable at baseline. In the Yoga Nidra Group, PHQ-9 scores decreased significantly (5.17 ± 4.25 to 3.03 ± 2.40, p = 0.002) compared to the Relaxation-to-Music Group (5.68 ± 4.73 to 4.34 ± 2.90, p = 0.064). Similarly, GAD-7 scores decreased significantly in the Yoga Nidra Group (4.93 ± 3.27 to 2.33 ± 2.56, p < 0.001) compared to the Relaxation-to-Music Group (4.84 ± 3.94 to 4.03 ± 3.56, p = 0.123). ISI scores also decreased significantly in the Yoga Nidra Group (6.10 ± 3.53 to 3.03 ± 2.88, p < 0.001) compared to the Relaxation-to-Music Group (6.09 ± 5.37 to 5.93 ± 5.95, p = 0.828). In this study, yoga nidra practice was more helpful than relaxation to music in reducing depression, anxiety, and insomnia among frontline COVID-19 healthcare workers during their duty periods.","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"33 2023","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9649173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen Consumption and Heart Rate Responses in Different Vinyasa Yoga Sequences.","authors":"Caitlin A Cheruka,&nbsp;Sally A Sherman,&nbsp;Kelliann K Davis,&nbsp;Christopher E Kline","doi":"10.17761/2023-D-22-00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2023-D-22-00058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yoga is widely practiced for its numerous health benefits, and it can also increase energy expenditure. Vinyasa yoga, a system of hatha yoga, meets criteria for moderate-intensity physical activity. It is unclear whether the individual sequences produce different oxygen consumption (VO2) and heart rate responses. The purpose of the present study was therefore to evaluate potential differences in VO2 and heart rate responses across sequences of a 60-minute vinyasa session. Participants included 40 healthy male (n = 20) and female (n = 20) adults (age 30.9 ± 8.8 y) with self-reported yoga experience. The sequence implemented was based on Baron Baptiste's Journey into Power sequence. This vinyasa yoga practice included several sequences: integration, sun salutation, crescent lunges, balancing, standing, back bending, and restorative. VO2 (mL/kg/min) was measured by portable indirect calorimetry and expressed as metabolic equivalents (MET). Heart rate was measured using a Polar HR monitor and presented as a percentage of age-predicted maximal heart rate (APMHR). METs and APMHR differed significantly across sequences (each p < 0.001). METs for the integration, sun-salutation, crescent-lunges, balancing, standing, back-bending, and restorative sequences were significantly different from one another (p < 0.001); balancing and back-bending sequences, however, were similar. During the integration and restorative sequences, APMHR was similar (p = 1.00) and significantly lower compared to sun-salutation, crescent-lunge, balancing, standing, and back-bending sequences (each p < 0.001). METs and APMHR differed significantly across sequences of a vinyasa yoga practice. These data could inform an individualized yoga series based on current fitness levels to maintain or improve cardiorespiratory fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"33 2023","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9828681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let's Play at Digging : How Vigorous Is This Energetic Task for a Young Forager?","authors":"Ana Mateos, Guillermo Zorrilla-Revilla, Jesús Rodríguez","doi":"10.1007/s12110-022-09428-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12110-022-09428-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extractive foraging tasks, such as digging, are broadly practiced among hunter-gatherer populations in different ecological conditions. Despite tuber-gathering tasks being widely practiced by children and adolescents, little research has focused on the physical traits associated with digging ability. Here, we assess how age and energetic expenditure affect the performance of this extractive task. Using an experimental approach, the energetic cost of digging to extract simulated tubers is evaluated in a sample of 40 urban children and adolescents of both sexes to measure the intensity of the physical effort and the influence of several anatomical variables. Digging is a moderately vigorous activity for inexperienced girls and boys from 8 to 14 years old, and it requires significant physical effort depending on strength and body size. However, extracting subterranean resources is a task that may be performed effectively without previous training. Sex-specific and age-specific differences in the net energy expenditure of digging were detected, even though both sexes exhibited similar proficiency levels when performing the task. Our results highlight that both boys and girls spend considerable energy while digging, with differences largely driven by body size and age. Other factors beyond ability and experience, such as strength and body size, may influence the proficiency of juveniles in performing certain physically intensive foraging tasks, such as gathering tubers.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"172-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9250475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89808441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yoga and Cutaneous Functional Unit Recruitment for a Patient with Cervical and Upper Extremity Burn Scar Contracture: Case Report.","authors":"B. Dean, Joseph S. Puthumana, S. Vocke, L. Neely, A. Modica, J. Caffrey","doi":"10.17761/2022-D-21-00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2022-D-21-00048","url":null,"abstract":"Burn scar contracture greatly limits function for burn survivors, particularly when the scarring crosses multiple joints. Previous research has identified fields of skin recruited during single joint motion, called cutaneous functional units (CFU), indicating that impairments may be seen distal to the injured tissue. This case report connects the principles of CFU and yoga-inspired therapy modalities in improving clinical outcomes for a burn survivor. The patient is a 38-year-old male who sustained deep partial-thickness electrical burns to his neck, chest, and bilateral upper extremities, presenting with significantly decreased range of motion. The patient attended physical therapy 4 days a week, where he performed a specific yoga asana program during each session. Outcomes including standard range of motion measures, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and the Neck Disability Index (NDI), which were recorded every 10 sessions. CFUs of cervical extension and shoulder flexion were analyzed via photographs comparing cutaneous position during specified yoga poses and resting anatomical position in standing. Over 30 visits, cervical and shoulder range of motion increased, although the VSS and NDI did not show significant improvement. Yoga poses showed overall cutaneous recruitment distal to the targeted joints, and burned skin was recruited similarly to nonburned skin in positions of stretch. Incorporating multijoint approaches for stretching, like yoga, appears to contribute to improved clinical range-of-motion outcomes when paired with traditional burn-rehabilitation interventions. Yoga poses involving multiple joints align with the principle of CFUs, warranting continued investigation.","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48609861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Yoga Instructors' Experiences Delivering Yoga to Children and Adolescents Affected by Cancer or Blood Disease.","authors":"Kelsey Ellis,&nbsp;Nicole Culos-Reed,&nbsp;Fiona Schulte,&nbsp;Lillian Sung,&nbsp;Amanda Wurz","doi":"10.17761/2022-D-21-00068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2022-D-21-00068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yoga may offer benefits for children and adolescents affected by cancer or blood disease, yet there are challenges in translating evidence to practice. Yoga instructors are critical for the delivery of yoga. Understanding yoga instructors' experiences offering yoga to children and adolescents affected by cancer or blood disease could provide information to guide required competencies and training, as well as elucidate factors to consider in future research and programs. Therefore, the present study sought to understand yoga instructors' lived experiences preparing for and facilitating yoga for children and adolescents affected by cancer or blood disease. Fourteen yoga instructors with experience facilitating yoga for this population participated in semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using principles of interpretive description and thematic analysis. Five unique themes were identified: (1) \"I believe in and see the perceived benefits of yoga on and off the mat\"; (2) \"I feel equipped to deliver yoga but desire further training\"; (3) \"what I need to deliver a safe yoga program\"; (4) \"I must be adaptable to successfully facilitate a yoga program\"; and (5) \"what I need to ensure yoga is widely available.\" Findings highlight the varied and comprehensive training opportunities yoga instructors sought, while elucidating their training limitations. Yoga instructors shared their perspectives on concerted attention to safety, effectiveness, and access when developing research and programs. This study represents a first step toward defining required competencies for delivering yoga to this population and lays the foundation for future research and programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33455964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinician Perceptions of Incorporating Yoga into Therapeutic Practice.","authors":"Elizabeth Elsmore,&nbsp;Steven Hawks,&nbsp;Roberta May,&nbsp;Julie Gast,&nbsp;Hailey Judd","doi":"10.17761/2022-D-21-00070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2022-D-21-00070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite increased interest in mindfulness practices such as yoga as an adjunct for depression, anxiety, and other chronic health concerns, little research exists on the potential benefits of yoga in therapeutic settings. As a complementary therapy, yoga provides a value-added benefit to traditional clinical practices for (1) clinicians as a form of self-care in treating compassion fatigue caused by, for example, fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) the patients they serve. The primary goal of the present study was to understand clinician perspectives of yoga as an intervention in the therapeutic setting for clinicians and clients. We conducted a qualitative study and surveyed therapists from a yoga teacher training program designed specifically for clinical therapists. Eight therapists completed a qualitative questionnaire designed to understand the effects of yoga on clinicians and patients in the therapeutic setting. Although the effects of COVID-19 had not been anticipated, survey results corroborate high rates of compassion fatigue for therapists and a decline in mental health for patients throughout the study. Yoga, specifically body awareness and breathwork, however, provided a baseline for navigating mental health for both patients and therapists amid the pandemic. Additionally, body awareness and breathwork were found to help therapists avoid burnout and compassion fatigue and facilitate a more positive therapy experience for patients and therapists. Yoga has the potential to be a positive adjunct in therapeutic settings and would benefit from further research into various applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":"32 2022","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10692294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of Yoga Practitioners Toward COVID-19 Virus Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Germany.","authors":"Arndt Büssing,&nbsp;Yvonne Beerenbrock","doi":"10.17761/2022-D-22-00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17761/2022-D-22-00020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To avoid severe courses of COVID-19 infections and reduce death rates, vaccination against the SARS-CoV-1 virus was considered an essential strategy in fighting the pandemic. However, some yoga practitioners reject such vaccinations and assume that their yoga practices protect them. We therefore aimed to analyze how many yoga practitioners were vaccinated, their reasons for being vaccinated, and the influence of the ethical principles of yoga (yamas/niyamas) on these decisions. In a cross-sectional survey in summer 2021, we enrolled 1,545 yoga practitioners (86% women; mean age 51.1 ± 10.9 y). The majority of participants were already vaccinated (66%), and their percentage corresponded to that of the general population. Those who were not willing to get vaccinated scored significantly higher on the yama/niyama factors Contentment/Self-Reflection/Devotion and Surrender and Non-Possessiveness. Depending on the centrality of the yamas/niyamas in their lives, yoga participants differed on their vaccination decisions, but they did not relevantly differ on their pro-social reasons (protection of groups at risk, protection of family) when they were already vaccinated. This assumed protection against severe courses of the COVID-19 infection was higher in the nonvaccinated compared to the vaccinated individuals (Cohen's d = 0.99). This conviction was related to the niyama factor Contentment/Self-Reflection/Devotion and Surrender. Thus, in the yoga schools and other places of yoga practice the relevance of vaccination to also protect others should be discussed, and the consequences of following the yamas and niyamas for the sake of others should be clarified.</p>","PeriodicalId":38682,"journal":{"name":"International journal of yoga therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40653806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}