Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology最新文献

{"title":"Adult Respiratory Pathogens Vaccination: A Neglected Public Health Intervention in Africa","authors":"Bruce J Kirenga","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.0001104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.0001104","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, vaccination of vulnerable persons against respiratory pathogens such as Influenza and pneumococcus has been implemented in most developed countries. In Africa vaccination against these pathogens is almost nonexistent yet there are persons eligible for these vaccines. In this perspective I review the current state of Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in Africa and identify key barriers to these vaccinations. I conclude with recommendations and a call to action for prioritizing vaccination of eligible persons against Influenza and pneumococcus in Africa","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"47 88","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-Based Reverse Vaccinology Did not Succeed in Developing an Effective Vaccine Against HIV-1 Because the Binding of Viral Epitopes with Antibodies Did Not Induce a Protective Immunogenicity in the Epitopes","authors":"M. H. Regenmortel","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000197","url":null,"abstract":"Terms like immunogen and immunogenicity may suggest that epitopes are able to generate immune responses, although they only trigger in the host a series of reactions with B-cell receptors that eventually leads the Immune System (IS) to produce a variety of protective antibodies. Much of HIV vaccine research concentrates on elucidating the structure of the HIV epitopes present on the glycoprotein spikes of the virion because these epitopes are potential vaccine immunogens that can induce protective antibodies against viral infection. The approach known as Structure-Based Reverse Vaccinology (SBRV) analyses the 3D structure of HIV epitopes bound to antibodies since investigators know that if the epitope did bind strongly to an antibody, it would also be able to induce neutralising antibodies when used as a vaccine [1]. In bacteriology, Reverse Vaccinology (RV) refers to the strategy of predicting all the potential vaccine immunogens that a bacterium is able to express, which can be tested empirically. In virology, the reverse engineering approach was unsuccessful [2] because the viral antigens, which recognized monoclonal antibodies better, did not acquire the immunogenic ability of eliciting protective antibodies [3]. Vaccinologists were unable to develop an HIV-1 vaccine by rational design because their attempts were based on a number of erroneous assumptions and a confusion between immunogenicity and antigenicity, since an antigenic epitope that binds with a neutralising antibody is not necessarily able to induce a protective immune response [1]. It is indeed always imperative to verify empirically that a potential vaccine candidate possesses an adequate protective immunogenicity [4] since rational vaccine design based only on antigenicity will not reveal which immunogens would be able to lead to a protective immune response [5]. The natural immune response in HIV1 infected individuals also does not clear the infection, which indicates that a vaccine must achieve something that the IS is not able to do when it encounters the virus. An additional impediment is that HIV can integrate into the host genome which then conceals the virus from immune recognition while the virus also exhibits a pronounced antigenic variability that progressively destroys the IS. The antigenic structures visualised in epitope-paratope complexes are always very different from the structures of the binding sites in the free molecules before they have been altered by mutual adaptation and induced fit; however, for achieving protective immunogenicity the binding sites of viral antibodies must previously have been altered during their interaction with complementary epitopes which endows the paratopes with an induced protective immunogenicity that is essential for vaccinal efficacy [6].","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121721641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Incidences and Deaths Due to COVID-19 in Countries with high Deaths Due to Tuberculosis and Flu: a 2021-2022 Update","authors":"Sanmoy Pathak, D. Nandi","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000196","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneity in number of deaths in various countries due to COVID-19 is likely due to multiple factors. Previously, our laboratory has shown, using 2020 epidemiological data, that countries with high deaths due to tuberculosis and flu display less COVID-19 deaths. Also, countries with high BCG but low flu vaccinations display less COVID-19 deaths. It was important to address whether this trend held as the pandemic progressed in 2021-2022 given the rise of SARS-CoV2 variants and COVID-19 vaccinations. In this study, countries with more than 10,000 COVID-19 deaths were selected at four time points and the data was analysed. COVID-19 incidences/million and deaths/million were obtained from various data bases and correlation analysis was performed with tuberculosis deaths, flu deaths, BCG and flu vaccination coverages. The main findings are: First, countries with high tuberculosis deaths show negative correlation with COVID-19 incidences and deaths. This pattern is also true for countries with high BCG vaccinations. Second, countries with high flu deaths display less COVID-19 incidences and deaths. Concomitantly, countries with high flu vaccinations show higher COVID-19 incidences and deaths. Third, countries with high deaths due to tuberculosis and flu display lower COVID-19 incidences and deaths. Finally, countries with high BCG coverage and tuberculosis deaths (e.g. Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, etc) display lower COVID-19 incidences and deaths, compared to countries with high BCG coverage but low tuberculosis deaths (e.g. Brazil, Mexico, Russia etc), demonstrating roles for both. This global study reveals a complex interplay of the roles of other respiratory pathogens in limiting COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126138973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-Modulatory Effect of a Poly-Herbal Blend in Individuals Frequently Susceptible to Cold and Flu: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study","authors":"Belliappa Cma, Abhijeet Morde, M. Padigaru, S. Durairaj","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000195","url":null,"abstract":"Immune-Modulatory Effect of a Poly-Herbal Blend in Individuals Frequently Susceptible","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130156097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Association between rs2296283 and rs7337610 Polymorphisms of FLT-1 Gene with Behcet’s Disease in the Population of Tehran-Iran","authors":"Z. Bakhshi, Z. Amiri, M. Karimipoor, R. Shokri","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000193","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Behcet’s Disease (BD) is a rare autoimmune disease with undetermined etiology. In this study, the association of rs2296283 and rs7337610 polymorphisms of FLT-1 gene with the possibility for BD was investigated in Tehran population. Methods: In this case-control study, 100 samples (50 patients with BD and 50 healthy individuals with no background of disease) were examined. PCR-RFLP procedure was performed to determine the rs2296283 and rs7337610 polymorphisms using the HaeIII and MseI enzymes, respectively. SNPStats software was used for the analysis of association study. Results: The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes for rs2296283 polymorphism were 26, 35, and 39% in patients, and 32, 34, and 34% in healthy population, respectively (p>0.05). The frequency of TT, CT and CC genotypes for FLT-1 rs7337610 polymorphism in patients with BD was 18%, 31%, 51% and in healthy or control groups was 14%, 36% and 50%, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: No significant relationship was observed between rs2296283 and rs7337610 polymorphisms and the BD. Study on a greater number of samples is proposed.","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116291196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases","authors":"J. Gómez-Cerquera, O. Araújo, G. Lledó, R. Ríos-Garcés, G. Barilaro, G. Espigol-Frigolé, S. Prieto-González, J. Hernández-Rodríguez, M. Cid, R. Cervera, G. Espinosa","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000192","url":null,"abstract":"Background: several vaccines have been developed against SARS-CoV-2 showing good safety profile. However, patients with autoimmune diseases or other conditions undergoing immunosuppressive treatments have been excluded from the clinical trials resulting in the approval of vaccines. Therefore, the safety profile of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in this group of patients is unknown. The main was to analyze the short-term safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126113604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Donkey Milk as A Possible Alternative for Patients Allergic to Cow’s Milk","authors":"A. Armentia, M. San, B. Martín-Armentia, Julia San, A. San, Tania Galán, María-José Castro, Irene Albertos, J. Jiménez, A. Corell, S. Martín, F. Pineda","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000191","url":null,"abstract":") Study of Donkey Milk as A Possible Alternative for Patients Allergic to Cow’s Milk","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131593185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expansion of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) with Substantial Stemness Properties from Vulvar Cancer","authors":"Tingting Yao, Zixiao Shi, Jingwei Sun, Yuhan Wang, Haijian Zhou, Yanru Chen, Di Zhou, Zhong-qiu Lin, Yarong Liu","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000190","url":null,"abstract":") Expansion of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) with Substantial Stemness Properties from Vulvar Cancer.","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132865643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Symptomatic Covid-19 Infection by Personal Dendritic Cell Vaccine","authors":"R. Dillman, G. Nistor, J. Jonny, M. L. Yana, James L. Langford, T. A. Putranto, H. Keirstead, Aivita Biomedical, Von Karman Ave","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000189","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A meta-analysis revealed that for vaccines commercially available in the U","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114363964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New-onset Nephrotic Syndrome with Minimal Change Disease Following Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2575-789x.000186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2575-789x.000186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":386740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines, Immunology and Immunopathology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128859504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}